Bibliotheca Polyglotta

AHDEL, Semitic Roots Appendix (J. Huehnergard), in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language)
DHDA (The Doha Historical Dictionary of Arabic)
EtymOnline (D. Harper, Online Etymology Dictionary)
StarLing (S. & G. Starostin, The Tower of Babel: An etymological database project, 1998-2013) => search in Afroasiatic database (= MilitarevStolbova2007)
SELEFA (Société d’Études Lexicographiques et Étymologiques Françaises & Arabes)

1. For copy-pasting: āĀ ēĒ īĪ ōŌ ūŪ , ʔ ṯṮ ǧǦ ḥḤ ḫḪ ḏḎ šŠ ṣṢ ḍḌ ṭṬ ẓẒ ʕ ġĠ ḳḲ ẗ .

meta

Section META provides some META data for cross-identification and referencing. ID refers to the number the lemma word had in EtymArab's original start-up list. • Sw gives the number of the lemma word in the Swadesh list. Typically, this is the original 100-item list. If two figures are given, the first refers to the 100-item list, the second to the extended 200-item list. • NahḍCon identifies items scheduled for closer study in a project about the morpho-semantics of Nahḍa concepts.¹ • BP Indicates the number in BuckwalterParkinson's Frequency Dictionary of Arabic (2011). • APD Numbers given are those in the Arabic Papyrological Database. • © = author (abbrev.) | date (latest update).

1. For the basic idea and some first examples, see my article »Morpho-semantic Evidence of Emerging Subjectivity in the Language of the Nahḍa – A Proposal«, Oriente Moderno, vol. 101 (2021): 221-252. DOI.

gram

engl

In root entries, section ENGL consists of a list of semantic values represented by items belonging to the root. The listing does NOT necessarily reflect etymological relations but only serves to give an overview over the semantic fields covered by a root. (For this purpose, also the list of semantic values given by Badawi & Abd El-Halim in their Dictionary of Quranic Usage, 2008, is reproduced here.). The listing is devided in values found in WehrCowan1979 and older values that have become obsolete in MSA as registered by WehrCowan.

conc

Section CONC gives a concise summary of what can be said about the lemma word's/root's etymology. Details and comments are treated further down, in section DISC(ussion).

hist

Section HIST tries to document earliest attestation and stages of semantic development. For the time being, it contains mainly some quotations from the Koran and early poetry, or from 19th century usage. In the long run, we hope to establish cooperation with the Historical Dictionary of the Arabic Language (Doha), in order to be able to cross-reference EtymArab and HDAL.

cogn

Section COGN provides an overview of cognates of the lemma word/root in Semitic and outside.

disc

Section DISC comes with details and/or comments, discussing the material and the state of etymological knowledge.

west

Section WEST contains words in Western (sometimes also other) languages that either are borrowed from Arabic or have a common origin with the lemma word/root in other Sem languages.

deriv

Section DERIV contains derivatives from the lemma word and (where etymological dependence is unclear or ambivalent) other items that are semantically close to the lemma word. In some cases, these may even be the "real" etymon.

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