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Nāgārjuna: Mūlamadhyamakakārikā

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ā ī ū
ñ
ś ź
š č ǰ γ    
Note on the transliteration:
The transliteration system of the BP/TLB is based on the Unicode/UTF-8 system. However, there may be difficulties with some of the letters – particularly on PC/Windows-based systems, but not so much on the Mac. We have chosen the most accepted older and traditional systems of transliteration against, e.g, Wylie for Tibetan, since with Unicode it is possible, in Sanskrit and Tibetan, etc., to represent one sound with one letter in almost all the cases (excepting Sanskrit and Tibetan aspirated letters, and Tibetan tsa, tsha, dza). We thus do not use the Wylie system which widely employs two letters for one sound (ng, ny, sh, zh etc.).
 
Important:
We ask you in particular to note the use of the ’ apostrophe and not the ' representing the avagrāha in Sanskrit, and most important the ’a-chuṅ in Tibetan. On the Mac the ’ is Alt-M.
 
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Click to Expand/Collapse OptionTitle
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPreface
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapters I-V
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapters VI-X
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapters XI-XV
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapters XVI-XX
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapters XXI-XXV
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapters XXVI-XXVII
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionColophon
San: La Vallée Poussin (1913) 222,11-12
paścāj jātir yadi bhavej jarāmaraṇam āditaḥ |
ahetukam ajātasya syāj jarāmaraṇaṃ katham || 4 ||
Chi: Kumārajīva, T. 1564 16a23-24
若先有老死 而後有生者
是則為無因 不生有老死
Tib: Tg, tsa 7b1-2
gal te skye ba ’phyi ’gyur la | | rga shi snga ba yin na ni | |
skye ba med pa’i rga (2)shi ni | | rgyu med par ni ji ltar ’gyur | |
Eng: Streng (1967)
4. If birth were later, and growing old and dying were earlier,
How would there be an uncaused growing old and dying of something unborn?
Eng: Batchellor (2000)
If birth were after and aging/death before, how could there be an uncaused aging/death which has no birth?
Piṅgalanetra 賓伽羅 "中論 (Madhyamakaśāstra)" T.1564 16a23-16b1
(23)若先有老死 而後有生者(24)是則爲無因 不生有老死(25)生死衆生。若先生漸有老。而後有死者。則(26)生無老死。法應生有老死老死有生。又不(27)老死而生。是亦不然。又不因生有老死。(28)若先老死後生。老死則無因。生在後故。又(29)不生何有老死。若謂生老死先後不可。謂(16b1)一時成者。是亦有過。
Candrakīrti "Prasannapadā" Vaidya 1960
atha pūrvaṃ jarāmaraṇam, paścājjātiḥ, evamapi-
paścājjātiryadi bhavejjarāmaraṇamāditaḥ |
ahetukamajātasya syājjarāmaraṇaṃ katham || 4 ||
jātipratyayaṃ jarāmaraṇam iti vacanājjātihetukaṃ jarāmaraṇamuktaṃ bhagavatā | yadi etatpūrvaṃ syāttadā nirhetukaṃ syāt | tasmānna yuktam etat | yato 'pyuktam-
yatha ukkhitte loḍhammi ukkheve atthi kāraṇaṃ | ṣaḍane kāraṇaṃ ṇatthi aṇṇaṃ ukkhevakāraṇā || iti |
yathāṣyatrotkṣepaḥ patanakāraṇaṃ nānyat, evamihāpi jātimevakāraṇatvena vināśasya varṇayāmo nānyat, iti nāstyahetukatā vināśasya | jātihetukatvāccāsyodgamanameva vināśasya hetur iti kṛtvā eṣāpi gāthā sunītā bhavati-
evime saṃkhatā dhammā saṃbhavanti sakāraṇā |
sa bhāva eva dhammāṇaṃ yaṃ vibhonti samuggatā ||
iti || 4 ||
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