▪ The two values may belong together, cf.
DRS I (1994), s.v. ʔBD, where it is asked whether √ʔBD_1 should be made dependent on
ʔBD_2; the hypothesis of a general value of ‘transgression of limits/boundaries’ for
ʔBD_2 would permit that.
▪ Arab lexicographers relate √ʔBD_1 and √ʔBD_2 to each other via the participle
ʔābid(aẗ) saying that »wild animals live long, unless killed by accident« (Lane i 1863).
▪ The value
†‘liveforever,
sempervivum ’ (
ʔabid) is listed as a distinct value by
DRS I (1994), (#ʔBD-4 ‘joubarbe’). However, given the fact that
sempervivum does not seem to occur endemically in Ar-speaking regions it may just be a calque from a language that termed it ‘liveforever’, perhaps from Lat?
▪ Accord. to
DRS, the root belongs to a group of roots that can be assumed to be derived from a nuclear *BD because all show the basic meaning of ‘to prowl, wander around, to disappear’, cf. also BDBD, ↗BDW/Y, ↗BWD, ↗BYD.
▪ Gabal2012 makes a similar assumption, but thinks that the meaning of the biconsonantal nucleus *BD is ‘extended separation or longtime distancing as the result of the emergence of a gap’. Accord. to him, preceding *
ʔ‑ underlines the persistence of the separation expressed in *BD, modifying it to give ‘to last long’. – Cf. also ↗
badaʔa, ↗
badara, ↗
badaʕa, ↗
badala, ↗
badan, ↗
bāda.
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