Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Kogan2015 77 #8: from protWSem *ʕwr ‘to be blind’ (SED I #5ᵥ). In Ar, semantic marginalization from ‘to be blind’ into ‘to be one-eyed’ took place.¹ – The notions of ‘defectiveness, faultiness; weakness; pudendum, genitals’ expressed in the concept of ↗ʕawraẗ seem to be generalisations from the basic ‘one-eyedness’ < *‘blindness’.
▪ A relation between ‘half-eyedness’ and many other values attached to √ʕWR (↗¹taʕāwara ‘to alternate, take turns, do by turns’, ↗ʔaʕāra ‘to lend, loan s.th. to s.o.’, ↗²ĭʕtawara ‘to shape, mold, form’, ↗³ĭʕtawara ‘to stand in the way of, hinder’) looks rather unlikely.
▪ ...

1. The basic meaning ‘to be blind’ is expressed by the root ↗ʕMY, of uncertain etymology (cf. SED I #3ᵥ).

hist

cogn

▪ Kogan2015 77 #8: Ug ʕwr, Hbr ʕiwwēr, Syr ʕwārā, Ar ʔaʕwarᵘ, Gz ʕora, Mhr ʔáywər, Jib ʕēr, Soq ʕóuhɛr. There is no trace of *ʕwr ‘to be blind’ in Akk; all the alleged cognates mentioned in SED I #5ᵥ are highly unreliable. – BDB1906 includes also forms in ‑m: Hbr ʕērōm, ʕêrōm ‘naked; nakedness’, ʕārōm, ʕârōm ‘naked’ (cf. ↗ʕRY). – Borg2021 #476: Saf ʕwr ‘to obliterate’, Ar ʕāra ‘to damage, destroy’, ʕawwara ‘to mar, spoil’, PalAr IrqAr OmanAr ‘to hurt, injure; bruise’, DamAr EgAr ‘to damage, mutilate’. – Outside Sem, Borg2021 compares Eg (Pyr) ʕwꜢ ‘to go bad, rot, become sour’ (cf. also ḥwꜢ.w ‘to rot; to putrefy; to be foul, offensive’).
▪ ...

disc

▪ See above, section CONC.

west

–

deriv

►al-maʕy al-ʔaʕwarᵘ, n., caecum, blind gut

►ʕawira, a (ʕawar), vb. I, to lose an eye, be or become one-eyed: denom.?
►ʕawwara, vb. II, 1 to deprive of one eye, make blind in one eye; 2 to damage, mar, spoil; – 3 ↗ʕiyār, ↗miʕyār (√ʕYR): D-stem, ¹caus., ²generalized caus.
►taʕāwara, vb. VI, 1 ↗s.v.; 2 to seize, grip, befall, overcome (alternately, successively) (s.o., s.th.): perh. akin to ʕawraẗ (see below and ↗s.v.)
►ĭʕtawara, vb. VIII, 1 ↗taʕāwara, ↗¹ĭʕtawara 2 ↗²ĭʕtawara; 3 to stand in the way of (‑h), hinder (s.th.): Gt-stem; akin to ʔaʕwarᵘ ?
►ʕawraẗ, n.f., 1 defectiveness, faultiness, deficiency, imperfection; b (pl. -āt) weakness, weak spot; – 2 pudendum, genitals: prob. a generalised meaning dependent on *‘blindness’.
►ʕawār, ʕiwār, n., fault, blemish, defect, flaw, imperfection: similar to ʕawraẗ (see preceding item as well as ↗s.v.)

For other values attached to the root, cf. ↗ʕawraẗ, EgAr ↗ʕīraẗ, ↗ʔaʕāra, ↗¹taʕāwara, ↗¹ĭʕtawara, ↗²ĭʕtawara, and ↗ʕuwwār, as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗ʕWR (with overlappings also from ↗ʕYR, ↗ʕRW and ↗ʕRY)

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