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Click to Expand/Collapse OptionTitle
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 1
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 2
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 3
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 4
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 5
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 6
sa yathorṇavābhis tantunoccared yathā agneḥ kṣudrā viṣphuliṅgā vyuccaranty evam evāsmād ātmanaḥ sarve prāṇāḥ sarve lokāḥ sarve devāḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni vyuccaranti | tasyopaniṣat satyasya satyam iti | prāṇā vai satyaṃ teṣām eṣa satyam ||
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20. As the spider comes out with its thread, or as small sparks come forth from fire, thus do all senses, all worlds, all Devas, all beings come forth from that Self The Upanishad (the true name and doctrine) of that Self is 'the True of the True.' Verily the senses are the true, and he is the true of the true.
sa yathā loka ūrṇanābhiḥ | ūrṇanābhirlūtākīṭa eka eva prasiddhaḥ sansvātmāpravibhaktena tantunoccaredudgacchet | na cāsti tasyodgamane svato 'tiriktaṃ kārakāntaram | yathā caikarūpādekasmādagneḥ śrudrā alpā visphuliṅgāsruṭayo 'gnyavayavā vyuccaranti vividhaṃ nānā voccaranti | yathemau dṛṣṭāntau kārakabhedābhāve 'pi pravṛttiṃ darśayataḥ, prākpravṛtteśca svabhāvata ekatvam, evamevāsmādātmano vijñānamayasya prākpratibodhādyatsvarūpaṃ tasmādityarthaḥ | sarve prāṇā vāgādayaḥ, sarve lokā bhūrādayaḥ, sarvāṇi karmaphalāni, sarve devāḥ prāṇalokādhiṣṭhātāro 'gnyādayaḥ, sarvāṇi bhūtāni brahmādistambaparyantāni prāṇijātāni, sarva eta ātmāna ityasminpāṭha upādhisamparkajanitaprabudhyamānaviśeṣātmāna ityarthaḥ, vyuccaranti |
yasmādātmanaḥ sthāvarajabhgamaṃ jagadidamagnivisphuliṅgavad vyuccaratyaniśam, yasminneva ca pralīyate jalabudbudavat, yadātmakaṃ ca vartate sthitikāle, tasyāsyātmano brahmaṇaḥ, upaniṣad;upa samīpaṃ nigamayatītyabhidhāyakaḥ śabda upaniṣadityucatyate, śāsraprāmāṇyādetacchabdagato viśeṣo 'vasīyata upanigamayitṛtvaṃ nāma |
kāsāvupaniṣadityāha-satyasya satyamiti | sā hi sarvatra copaniṣadalaukikārthatvād durvijñeyārthā, iti tadarthamācaṣṭe-prāṇā vai satyaṃ teṣāmeṣa satyamiti | etasyaiva vākyasya vyākhyānāyottaraṃ brāhmaṇadvayaṃ bhaviṣyati |
bhavatu tāvadupaniṣadvyākhyānāyottaraṃ brāhmaṇadvayam, tasyopaniṣadityuktam, tatra na jānīmaḥ kiṃ prakṛtasyātmano vijñānamayasya pāṇipeṣaṇotthitasya saṃsāriṇaḥ śabdādibhuja iyamupaniṣadāhosvidasaṃsāriṇaḥ kasyacit? kiñcātaḥ? yadi saṃsāriṇastadā saṃsāryeva vijñeyaḥ, tadvijñānādeva sarvaprāptiḥ | sa eva brahmaśabdavācyastadvidyaiva brahmavidyeti | atha asaṃsāriṇaḥ, tadā tadviṣayā vidyā brahmavidyā | tasmācca brahmavijñānātsarvabhāvāpattiḥ |
sarvametacchāsraprāmāṇyādbhaviṣyati | kintvasminpakṣe"ātmetyevopāsīta" "ātmānamevāvedahaṃ brahmāsmi"iti parabrahmaikatvapratipādikāḥ śrutayaḥ kupyeran, saṃsāriṇaścānyasyābhāve upadeśānarthakyāt | yata evaṃ paṇḍitānāmapyetanmahāmohasthānam anuktaprativacanapraśnaviṣayam; ato yathāśakti brahmavidyāpratipādakavākyeṣu brahma vijijñāsūnāṃ buddhivyutpādanāya vicārayiṣyāmaḥ |
na tāvadasaṃsārī paraḥ, pāṇipeṣaṇapratibodhitācchabdādibhujo 'vasthāntaraviśiṣṭādutpattiśruteḥ | na praśāsitāśanāyādivarjitaḥ paro vidyate, kasmāt? yasmāt 'brahma jñapayiṣyāmi' iti pratijñāya suptaṃ puruṣaṃ pāṇipeṣaṃ bodhayitvā tasyaiva svapnadvāreṇa suṣuptyākhyamavasthāntaramunnīya tasmādevātmanaḥ suṣuptyavasthāviśiṣṭād agnivisphuliṅgorṇanābhidṛṣṭāntābhyāmutpattiṃ darśayati śrutiḥ"evamevāsmāt"ityādinā | na cānyo jagadutpattikāraṇamantarāle śruto 'sti, vijñānamayasyaiva hi prakaraṇam | samānaprakaraṇe ca śrutyantare kauṣītakināmādityādipuruṣānprastutya"sa hovāca yo vai bālāka eteṣāṃ puruṣāṇāṃ kartā yasya vaitatkarma sa vai veditavyaḥ"iti prabuddhasyaiva vijñānamayasya veditavyatāṃ darśayati, nārthāntarasya |
tathā ca"ātmanastu kāmāya sarvaṃ priyaṃ bhavati"ityuktvā, ya evātmā priyaḥ prasiddhastasyaiva draṣṭavyaśrotavyamantavyanididhyāsitavyatāṃ darśayati | tathā ca vidyopanyāsakāle"ātmetyevopāsīta" "tadetatpreyaḥ putrātpreyo vittāt" "tadātmānamevāvedahaṃ brahmāsmi"ityevamādivākyānāmānulomyaṃ syātparābhāve | vakṣyati ca -"ātmānaṃ cedvijānīyādayamasmīti pūruṣaḥ"iti | sarvavedānteṣu ca pratyagātmavedyataiva pradarśyate 'hamiti, na bahirvedyatā śabdādivatpradarśyate 'sau brahmeti | tathā kauṣītakināmeva"na vācaṃ vijijñāsīta vaktāraṃ vidyāt"ityādinā vāgādikaraṇairvyāvṛttasya kartureva veditavyatāṃ darśayati |
avasthāntaraviśiṣṭo 'saṃsārīti cet-athāpi syādyo jāgarite śabdādibhugvijñānamayaḥ, sa eva suṣuptākhyamavasthāntaraṃ gato 'saṃsārī paraḥ praśāsitā anyaḥ syāditi cenna, adṛṣṭatvāt | na hyevandharmakaḥ padārtho dṛṣṭo 'nyatra vaināśikasiddhāntāt | na hi loke gaustiṣṭhan gacchanvā gaurbhavati, śayānastvaśvādijātyantaramiti | nyāyācca-yaddharmako yaḥ padārdhaḥ pramāṇenāvagato bhavati, sa deśakālāvasthāntareṣvapi taddharmaka eva bhavati | sa cettaddharmakatvaṃ vyabhicarati, sarvaḥ pramāṇavyavahāro lupyeta | tathā ca nyāyavidaḥ sāṅkhyamīmāṃsakādayo 'saṃsāriṇo 'bhāvaṃ yuktiśataiḥ pratipādayanti |
saṃsāriṇo 'pi jagadutpattisthitilayakriyākartṛtvavijñānasyābhāvād ayuktamiti cet-yanmahatā prapañcena sthāpitaṃ bhavatā, śabdādibhuksaṃsāryevāvasthāntaraviśiṣṭo jagata iha karteti-tadasat; yato jagadutpattisthitilayakriyākartṛtvavijñānaśaktisādhanābhāvaḥ sarvalokapratyakṣaḥ saṃsāriṇaḥ | sa kathamasmadādiḥ saṃsārī manasāpi cintayitumaśakyaṃ pṛthivyādivinyāsaviśiṣṭaṃ jagannirminuyāt? ato 'yuktamiti cenna, śāsrāt; śāsraṃ saṃsāriṇaḥ"evamevāsmādātmanaḥ"iti jagadutpattyādi darśayati | tasmātsarvaṃ śraddheyamiti syādayamekaḥ pakṣaḥ |
"yaḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvavit" "yo 'śanāyāpipāse atyeti" "asaṅgo na hi sajjate" "etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane" "yaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu tiṣṭhannantaryāmyamṛtaḥ" "sa yastānpuruṣānniruhyātyakrāmat" "sa vā eṣa mahānaja ātmā"
"eṣa seturvidharaṇaḥ" "sarvasya vaśī sarvasyeśānaḥ" "ya ātmāpahatapāpmā vijaro vimṛtyuḥ" "tattejo 'sṛjata" "ātmā vā idameka evāgra āsīt" "na lipyate lokaduḥkhena bāhyaḥ"ityādiśrutiśatebhyaḥ | smṛteśca"ahaṃ sarvasya prabhavo mattaḥ sarvaṃ pravartate"iti paro 'styasaṃsārī | śrutismṛtinyāyebhyaśca | sa ca kāraṇaṃ jagataḥ | nan"vevamevāsmādātmana"iti
saṃsāriṇa evotpattiṃ | darśayatītyuktam | na | "ya eṣo 'ntarhṛdaya ākāśa"iti parasya prakṛtatvādasmādātmana iti yuktaḥ parasyaiva parāmarśaḥ | "kvaiṣa tadābhūdi"tyasya praśnasya prativacanatvenā'kāśaśabdavācyaḥ para ātmokto"ya eṣo 'ntarhṛdaya ākāśastasmiñcheta"iti | "satā somya tadā sampanno bhavatya" "harahargacchantya etaṃ brahmalokaṃ na vidanti" "prājñenā'tmanā sampariṣvaktaḥ" "para ātmani saṃpratiṣṭhate"ityādiśrutibhya ākāśaśabdaḥ para ātmeti niścīyate | "daharo 'sminnantarākāśa"iti prastutya tasminnevā'tmaśabdaprayogācca | prakuta eva para ātmā | tasmādyuktameva asmādātmana iti paramātmana eva sṛṣṭiriti | saṃsāriṇaḥ sṛṣṭisthitisaṃhārajñānasāmarthyābhāvaṃ cāvotāma |
atra ca"ātmetyevopāsīta" "ātmānamevāvedahaṃ brahmāsmī"ti brahmavidyā prastutā | brahmaviṣayañca brahmavijñānamiti | "brahma te bravāṇī"ti"brahma jñapayiṣyāmī"ti prārabdham | tatredānīmasaṃsāri brahma jagataḥ kāraṇamaśanāyādyatītaṃ nityaśuddhabuddhamuktasvabhāvaṃ tadviparītaśca saṃsārī tasmādahaṃ brahmāsmīti na gṛhṇīyāt | paraṃ hi devamīśānaṃ nikṛṣṭaḥ saṃsāryātmatvena smarankathaṃ na doṣabhāksyāt | tasmānnāhaṃ brahmāsmīti yuktam |
tasmātpuṣpodakāñjalistutinamaskārabalyupahārasvādhyāyadhyānayogādibhirār irādhayiṣeta | ārādhanena viditvā sarveśitṛ brahma bhavati | na punarasaṃsāri brahma saṃsāryātmatvena cintayedagnimiva śītatvenā'kāśamiva mūrtimatvena | brahmātmatvapratipādakamapi śāsramarthavādo bhaviṣyati | sarvatarkaśāsralokanyāyaiścaivamavirodhaḥ syāt | na, mantrabrāhmaṇavādebhyastasyaiva praveśa śravaṇāt | "puraścakra"iti prakṛtya"puraḥ puruṣa āviśadi"ti"rūpaṃ rūpaṃ pratirūpo babhūva tadasya rūpaṃ praticakṣaṇāya" "sarvāṇi rūpāṇi vicitya dhoro nāmāni kṛtvābhivadanyadāste"iti sarvaśākhāsu sahasraśo mantravādāḥ sṛṣṭikarturevāsaṃsāriṇaḥ śarīrapraveśaṃ darśayanti | tathā brāhmaṇavādāḥ | "tatsṛṣṭvā tadevānuprāviśat" "sa etameva sīmānaṃ vidāryaitayā dvārā prāpadyata" "seyaṃ devatemāstisatro devatā anena jīvenā'tmanānupraviśya" "eṣa sarveṣu bhūteṣu gūḍhātmā na prakāśate"ityādyāḥ | sarvaśrutiṣu ca brahmaṇyātmaśabdaprayogādātmaśabdasya ca pratyagātmābhidhāyakatvāt"eṣa sarvabhūtāntarātmā"iti ca śruteḥ paramātmavyatirekeṇa saṃsāriṇo 'bhāvāt"ekamevādvitīyam" "brahmaivedam" "ātmaivedam"ityādiśrutibhyo yuktamevāhaṃ brahmāsmītyavadhārayitum |
yadaivaṃ sthitaḥ śāsrārthastadā paramātmanaḥ saṃsaritvam | tathā ca sati śāsrānarthakyamasaṃsāritve copadeśānarthakyaṃ spaṣṭo doṣaḥ prāptaḥ | yadi tāvatparamātmā sarvabhūtāntarātmā sarvaśarīrasamparkajanitaduḥkhānyanubhavatīti spaṣṭaṃ parasya saṃsāritvaṃ prāptam | tathā ca parasyāsaṃsāritvapratipādikāḥ śrutayaḥ kupyeransmṛtayaśca sarve ca nyāyāḥ | atha kathañcitprāṇiśarīrasambandhajairduḥkhairna sambadhyata iti śakyaṃ pratipādayituṃ paramātmanaḥ sādhyaparihāryābhāvādupadeśānarthakyadoṣo na śakyate nivārayitum | atra kecitparihāramācakṣate | paramātmā na sākṣādbhūteṣvanupraviṣṭaḥ svena rūpeṇa | kiṃ tarhi vikārabhāvamāpanno vijñānātmatvaṃ pratipede |
sa ca vijñānātmā parasmādanyo 'nanyaśca | yenānyastena saṃsāritvasambandhī yenānanyastenāhaṃ brahmetyavadhāraṇārhaḥ | evaṃ sarvamaviruddhaṃ bhaviṣyatīti |
tatra vijñānātmano vikārapakṣe etā gatayaḥ-pṛthivīdravyavadane-kadravyasamāhārasya sāvayavasya paramātmana ekadeśavipariṇāmo vijñānātmā ghaṭādivat | pūrvasaṃsthānāvasthasya vā parasyaikadeśo vikriyate keśoṣarādivat, sarva eva vā paraḥ pariṇametkṣīrādivat |
tatra samānajātīyānekadravyasamūhasya kaściddravyaviśeṣo vijñānātmatvaṃ pratipadyate yadā, tadā samānajātīyatvādekatvamupacaritameva na tu paramārthataḥ | tathā ca sati siddhāntavirodhaḥ |
atha nityāyutasiddhāvayavānugato 'vayavī para ātmā, tasya tadavasthasyaikadeśo vijñānātmā saṃsārī-tadāpi sarvāvayavānugatatvādavayavina evāvayavagato doṣo guṇo veti, vijñānātmanaḥ saṃsāritvadoṣeṇa para evātmā sambadhyata iti, iyamapyaniṣṭā kalpanā | kṣīravatsarvapariṇāmapakṣe sarvaśrutismṛtikopaḥ, sa cāniṣṭaḥ | "niṣkalaṃ niṣkriyaṃ śāntam" "divyo hyamūrtaḥ puruṣaḥ sabāhyābhyantaro hyajaḥ" "ākāśavatsarvagataśca nityaḥ" "sa vā eṣa mahānaja ātmājaro 'maro 'mṛtaḥ" "na jāyate mriyate vā kadācit" "avyakto 'yam"ityādiśrutismṛtinyāyaviruddhā ete sarve pakṣāḥ |
acalasya paramātmana ekadeśapakṣe vijñānātmanaḥ karmaphalavaddeśasaṃsaraṇānupapattiḥ, parasya vā saṃsāritvam-ityuktam | parasyaikadeśo 'gnivisphuliṅgavatsphuṭito vijñānātmā saṃsaratīti cet-tathāpi parasyāvayavasphuṭanena kṣataprāptiḥ, tatsaṃsaraṇe ca paramātmanaḥ pradeśāntarāvayavavyūhe chidratāprāptiḥ, avraṇatvavākyavirodhaśca | ātmāvayavabhūtasya vijñānātmanaḥ saṃsaraṇe paramātmaśūnyapradeśābhāvādavayavāntaranodanavyūhanābhyāṃ hṛdayaśūleneva paramātmano duḥkhitvaprāptiḥ |
agnivisphuliṅgādidṛṣṭāntaśruterna doṣa iti cet? na, śruterjñāpakatvāt;na śāsraṃ padārthānanyathā kartuṃ pravṛttam | kiṃ tarhi? yathābhūtānāmajñātānāṃ jñāpane | kiñcātaḥ? śṛṇu-ato yadbhavati, yathābhūtā mūrtāmūrtādipadārthadharmā loke prasiddhāḥ | taddṛṣṭāntopādānena tadavirodhyeva vastvantaraṃ jñāpayituṃ pravṛttaṃ śāsraṃ na laukikavastuvirodhajñāpanāya laukikavastuvirodhajñāpanāya laukikameva dṛṣṭāntamupādatte | upādīyamāno 'pi dṛṣṭānto 'narthakaḥ syāddārṣṭāntikāsaṅgateḥ | na hyāgniḥ śīta ādityo na tapatīti vā dṛṣṭāntaśatenāpi pratipādayituṃ śakyam, pramāṇāntareṇānyathādhigatatvādvastunaḥ | na ca pramāṇaṃ pramāṇāntareṇa virudhyate, pramāṇāntarāviṣayameva hi pramāṇāntaraṃ jñāpayati | na ca laukikapadapadārthāśrayaṇavyatirekeṇāgamena śakyamajñātaṃ vastvantaramavagamayitum | tasmātprasiddhanyāyamanusaratā na śakyā paramātmanaḥ sāvayavāṃśāṃśitvakalpanā paramārthataḥ pratipādayitum |
"kṣudrā visphuliṅgāḥ" "mamaivāṃśaḥ"iti ca śrūyate smaryate ceti cenna, ekatvapratyayārthaparatvāt | agnerhi visphuliṅgo 'gnireva ityekatvapratyayārhe dṛṣṭo loke; tathā cāṃśoṃ'śinaikatvapratyayārhaḥ; tatraivaṃ sati vijñānātmanaḥ paramātmavikārāṃśatvavācakāḥ śabdāḥ paramātmavikārāṃśatvavācakāḥ śabdāḥ paramātmaikatvapratyayādhitsavaḥ |
upakramopasaṃhārābhyāṃ ca-sarvāsu hyupaniṣatsu pūrvamekatvaṃ pratijñāya, dṛṣṭāntairhetubhiśca paramātmano vikārāṃśāditvaṃ jagataḥ pratipādya, punarekatvamupasaṃharati; tadyathehaiva tāvat"idaṃ sarvaṃ yadayamātmā"iti pratijñāya, utpattisthitilayahetudṛṣṭāntairvikāravikāritvādyekatvapratyayahetūnprati pādya"anantaramabāhyam" "ayamātmā brahma"ityupasaṃhariṣyati | tasmādupakramopasaṃhariṣyati | tasmādupakramopasaṃhārābhyāmayamartho niścīyate paramātmaikatvapratyayadraḍhimna utpattisthitilayapratipādakāni vākyānīti |
anyathā vākyabhedaprasaṅgācca-sarvopaniṣatsu hi vijñānātmanaḥ paramātmanaikatvapratyayo vidhīyata ityavipratipattiḥ sarveṣāmupaniṣadvādinām | tadvidhyekavākyayoge ca sambhavatyutpattyādivākyānāṃ na pramāṇamasti;phalāntaraṃ ca kalpayitavyaṃ syāt;tasmādutpattyādiśrutaya ātmaikatvapratipādanaparāḥ |
atra ca sampradāyavida ākhyāyikāṃ sampracakṣate-kaścitkila rājapitro jātamātra eva mātāpitṛbhyāmapaviddho vyādhagṛhe saṃvardhitaḥ, so 'muṣya vaṃśyatāmajānanvyādhajātipratyayo vyādhajātikarmāṇyevānuvartate; na rājāsmīti rājajātikarmāṇyanuvartate | yadā punaḥ kaścitparamakāruṇiko rājaputrasya rājaśrīprāptiyogyatāṃ jānannamuṣya putratāṃ bodhayati-"na tvaṃ vyādho 'muṣya rājñaḥ putraḥ, kathañcidvyādhagṛhamanupraviṣṭaḥ"iti-sa evaṃ bodhitastyaktvā vyādhajātipratyayakarmāṇi pitṛpaitāmahīmātmanaḥ padavīmanuvartate rājāhamasmīti | tathā kilāyaṃ parasmādagnivisphuliṅgādivattajjātireva vibhakta iha dehendriyādigahane praviṣṭo 'saṃsārī san dehendriyādisaṃsāradharmamanuvartate-"dehendriyasaṅghāto 'smi kṛśaḥ sthūlaḥ sukhī duḥkhī"iti paramātmatāmajānannātmanaḥ | na tvametadātmakaḥ parameva brahmāsyasaṃsārīti pratibodhita ācāryeṇa hitvaiṣaṇātrayānuvṛttiṃ brahmaivāsmīti pratipadyate | atra rājaputrasya rājapratyayavadbrahmapratyayo dṛḍhībhavati-visphuliṅgava deva tvaṃ parasmādbrahmaṇo bhraṣṭa ityukte visphuliṅgasya prāgagnerbhraṃśādagnyekatvadarśanāt |
tasmādekatvapratyayadārḍhyāya suvarṇamaṇilohāgnivisphuliṅgadṛṣṭāntāḥ, notpattyādibhedapratipādanaparāḥ |
saindhavadhanavatprajñaptyekarasanairantaryāvadhāraṇāt"ekadhaivānudraṣṭavyam"iti ca | yadi ca brahmaṇaścitrapaṭavad vṛkṣasamudrādivaccotpattyādyanekadharmavicitratā vijigrāhayiṣitā, ekarasaṃ saindhavaghanavadanantaramabāhyamiti nopasamahariṣyat,"ekadhaivānudraṣṭavyam"iti ca na prāyokṣyata-"ya iha nāneva paśyati"iti nindāvacanaṃ ca | tasmādekarūpaikatvapratyayadārḍhyāyaiva sarvavedānteṣūtpattisthitilayādikalpanā, na tatpratyayakaraṇāya |
na ca niravayavasya paramātmano 'saṃsāriṇaḥ saṃsāryekadeśakalpanānyāyyā, svato 'deśatvātparamātmanaḥ | adeśasya parasya ekadeśasaṃsāritvakalpanāyāṃ para eva saṃsārīti kalpitaṃ bhavet | atha paropādhikṛta ekadeśaḥ parasya, ghaṭakarakādyākāśavat;na tadā tatra vivekināṃ paramātmaikadeśaḥ pṛthaksaṃvyavahārabhāgiti buddhirutpadyate |
avivekināṃ vivekināṃ copacaritā buddhirdṛṣṭeti cet? na;avivekināṃ mithyābuddhitvāt, vivekināṃ ca saṃvyavahāramātrālambanārthatvāt-yathā kṛṣṇo raktaścākāśa iti vivekināmapi kadācitkṛṣṇatā raktatā ca ākāśasya saṃvyavahāramātrālambanārthatvaṃ pratipadyata iti, na paramārthataḥ kṛṣṇo rakto vā ākāśo bhavitumarhati | ato na paṇḍitairbrahmasvarūpapratipattiviṣaye brahmaṇoṃ'śāṃśyekadeśaikadeśivikāravikāritvakalpanā kāryā, sarvakalpanāpanayanārthasāraparatvātsarvopaniṣadām |
ato hitvā sarvakalpanāmākāśasyeva nirviśeṣatā pratipattavyā-"ākāśavatsarvagataśca nityaḥ" "na lipyate lokaduḥkhena bāhyaḥ"ityādiśrutiśatebhyaḥ; nātmānaṃ brahmavilakṣaṇaṃ kalpayet-uṣṇātmaka ivāgnau śītaikadeśam, prakāśātmake vā savitari tamekadeśam-sarvakalpanāpanayanārthasāraparatvātsarvopaniṣadām | tasmānnāmarūpopādhinimittā eva ātmanyasaṃsāradharmiṇi sarve vyavahārāḥ;"rūpaṃ rūpaṃ pratirūpo babhūva" "sarvāṇi rūpāṇi vicitya dhīro nāmāni kṛtvābhivadanyadāste"ityevamādimantravarṇebhyaḥ |
na svata ātmanaḥ saṃsāritvam, alaktakādyupādhisaṃyogajanitaraktasphaṭikādibuddhivadbhrāntameva, na paramārthataḥ | "dhyāyatīva lelāyatīva" "na vardhate karmaṇā no kanīyān" "na lipyate karmaṇā pāpakena" "samaṃ sarveṣu bhūteṣu tiṣṭhantam" "śuni caiva śvapāke ca"ityādiśrutismṛtinyāyebhyaḥ paramātmano 'saṃsāritaiva | ata ekadeśo vikāraḥ śaktirvā vijñānātmā anyo veti vikalpayituṃ niravayavatvābhyupagame viśeṣato na śakyate | aṃśādiśrutismṛtivādāścaikatvārthāḥ, na tu bhedapratipādakāḥ, vivakṣitārthaikavākyayogāt-ityavocāma |
sarvopaniṣadāṃ paramātmaikatvajñāpanaparatve atha kimarthaṃ tatpratikūlor'tho vijñānātmabhedaḥ parikalpyata iti? karmakāṇḍaprāmāṇyavirodhaparihārāyetyekeca karmapratipādakāni hi vākyāni anekakriyākārakaphalabhoktṛkartrāśrayāṇi, vijñānātmabhedābhāve hyasaṃsāriṇa eva paramātmana ekatve kathamiṣṭaphalāsu kriyāsu pravartayeyuḥ? aniṣṭaphalābhyo vā kriyābhyo nivartayeyuḥ? kasya vā baddhasya mokṣāyopaniṣadārabhyeta? api ca paramātmaikatvāvādipakṣe kathaṃ paramātmaikatvopadeśaḥ? kathaṃ vā tadupadeśagrahaṇaphalam? baddhasya hi bandhanāśāyopadeśastadabhāva upaniṣacchāsraṃ nirviṣayameva |
evaṃ tarhi upaniṣadvādipakṣasya karmakāṇḍavādipakṣeṇa codyaparihārayoḥ samānaḥ panthāḥ-yena bhedābhāve karmakāṇḍaṃ nirālambanamātmānaṃ na labhte prāmāṇyaṃ prati tathopaniṣadapi | evaṃ tarhi yasya prāmāṇye svārthavidhāto nāsti, tasyaiva karmakāṇḍasyāstu prāmāṇyam;upaniṣadāṃ tu prāmāṇyakalpanāyāṃ svārthavighāto bhavediti mā bhūtprāmāṇyam | na hi karmakāṇḍaṃ pramāṇaṃ sadapramāṇaṃ bhavitumarhati;na hi pradīpaḥ prakāśyaṃ prakāśayati, na prakāśayati ceti | pratyakṣādipramāṇavipratiṣedhācca-na kevalamupaniṣado brahmaikatvaṃ pratipādayantyaḥ svārthavighātaṃ karmakāṇḍaprāmāṇyavighātaṃ ca kurvanti;pratyakṣādiniścitabhedapratipattyarthapramāṇaiśca virudhyante | tasmādaprāmāṇyamevopaniṣadām;anyārthatā vāstu;na tveva brahmaikatvapratipattyarthatā |
na;uktottaratvāt | pramāṇasya hi pramāṇatvamapramāṇatvaṃ vā pramotpādanānutpādananimitm, anyathā cetstambhādīnāṃ prāmāṇyaprasaṅgācchabdādau prameye | kiñcātaḥ? yadi tāvadupaniṣado brahmaikatvapratipattipramāṃ kurvanti, kathamapramāṇaṃ bhaveyuḥ? sa bhavānevaṃ vadanvaktavyaḥ-upaniṣatprāmāṇyapratiṣedhārthaṃ bhavato vākyamupaniṣatprāmāṇyapratiṣedhaṃ kiṃ na karotyevāgnirvā rūpaprakāśam? atha karoti | yadi karoti bhavatu tadā pratiṣedhārthaṃ pramāṇaṃ bhavadvākyam, agniśca rūpaprakāśako bhavet;pratiṣedhavākyaprāmāṇye bhavatyevopaniṣadāṃ prāmāṇyam | atra bhavanto bruvantu kaḥ parihāra iti?
nanvatra pratyatrā madāvākya upaniṣatprāmāṇyapratiṣedhārthapratipattiragnau ca rūpaprakāśanapratipattiḥ pramā | kastarhi bhavataḥ pradveṣo brahmaikatvapratyaye pramāṃ pratyakṣaṃ kurvatīṣūpaniṣatsūpalabhyamānāsu pratiṣedhānupapatteḥ | śokamohādinivṛttiśca pratyakṣaṃ phalaṃ brahmaikatvapratipattipāramparyajanitamityavocāma | tasmāduktottaratvādupaniṣadaṃ pratyaprāmāṇyaśaṅkā tāvannāsti | yaccoktaṃ svārthavighātakaratvādaprāmāṇyamiti, tadapi na, tadarthapratipatterbādhakābhāvāt | na hi
upaniṣadbhyaḥ-brahmaikamevādvitīyam, naiva ca-iti pratipattirasti;yathāgniruṣṇaḥ śītaścetyasmādvākyādviruddhārthadvayapratipattiḥ | abhyupagamya caitadavocāma;na tu vākyaprāmāṇyasamaya eṣanyāyaḥ-yadutaikasya vākyasyānekārthatvam | sati cānekārthatve, svārthaśca syāt, tadvighātakṛcca viruddho 'nyor'thaḥ | na tvetat-vākyapramāṇakānāṃ viruddhamaviruddhaṃ ca, evaṃ vākyam, anekamarthaṃ pratipādayatītyeṣa samayaḥ;arthaikatvādvyekavākyatā |
na ca kānicidupaniṣadvākyāni brahmaikatvapratiṣedhaṃ kurvanti | yattu, laukikaṃ vākyam-agniruṣṇaḥ śītaśceti, na tatraikavākyatā, tadekadeśasya pramāṇāntaraviṣayānuvāditvāt | agniḥ śīta ityetadekaṃ vākyam;agniruṣṇa iti tu pramāṇāntarānubhavasmārakam, na tu svayamarthāvabodhakam | ato nāgniḥ śīta ityanenaikavākyatā, pramāṇāntarānubhavasmāraṇenaivopakṣīṇatvāt | yattu viruddhārthapratipādakamidaṃ vākyamiti manyate, tacchītoṣṇapadābhyām agnipadasāmānādhikaraṇyaprayoganimittā bhrāntiḥ;na tvevaikasya vākyasyānekārthatvaṃ laukikasya vaidikasya vā |
yaccoktaṃ karmakāṇḍaprāmāṇyavighātakṛdupaniṣadvākyamiti, tanna; anyārthatvāt | brahmaikatvapratipādanaparā hyupaniṣado neṣṭārthaprāptau sādhanopadeśaṃ tasminvā puruṣaniyogaṃ vārayanti, anekārthatvānupapattereva | na ca karmakāṇḍavākyānāṃ svārthe pramā notpadyate | asādhāraṇe cetsvārthe pramāmutpādayati vākyam, kuto 'nyena virodhaḥ syāt? brahmaikatve nirviṣayatvātpramānotpadyata eveti cet? na, pratyakṣatvātpramāyāḥ | "darśapūrṇamāsābhyāṃ svargakāmo yajeta" "brāhmaṇo na hantavyaḥ"ityevamādivākyebhyaḥ pratyakṣā pramā jāyamānā; 'sā naiva bhaviṣyati, yadyupaniṣado brahmaikatvaṃ bodhayiṣyanti' ityanumānam; na cānumānaṃ pratyakṣavirodhe prāmāṇyaṃ labhate; tasmādasadevaitadgīyate-pramaiva notpadyata iti | api ca yathāprāptasyaiva avidyāpratyupasthāpitasya kriyākārakaphalasyāśrayaṇena iṣṭāniṣṭaprāptiparihāropāyasāmānye pravṛttasya tadviśeṣamajānataḥ tadācakṣāṇā śrutiḥ kriyākārakaphalabhedasya lokaprasiddhasya satyatāmasatyatāṃ vā nācaṣṭe na ca vārayati, iṣṭāniṣṭaphalaprāptiparihāropāyavidhiparatvāt |
yathā kāmyeṣu pravṛttā śrutiḥ kāmānāṃ mithyājñānaprabhavatve satyapi yathāprāptāneva kāmānupādāya tatsādhanānyeva vidhatte, na tu kāmānāṃ mithyājñānaprabhavatvādanartharūpatvaṃ ceti na vidadhāti | tathā nityāgnihotrādiśāsramapi mithyājñānaprabhavaṃ kriyākārakabhedaṃ yathāprāptamevādāya iṣṭaviśeṣaprāptimaniṣṭaviśeṣaparihāraṃ vā kimapi prayojanaṃ paśyadagnihotrādīni karmāṇi vidhatte | nāvidyāgocarāsadvastuviṣayamiti na pravartate yathā kāmyeṣu |
na ca puruṣā na pravarterannavidyāvantaḥ, dṛṣṭatvādyathā kāminaḥ |
vidyāvatāmeva karmādhikāra iti cet? na, brahmaikatvavidyāyāṃ karmādhikāravirodhasyoktatvāt | etena brahmaikatve nirviṣayatvādupadeśena tadgrahaṇaphalābhāvadoṣaparihāra ukto veditavyaḥ |
puruṣecchārāgādivaicitryācca-anekā hi puruṣāṇamicchāḥ, rāgādayaśca doṣā vicitrāḥ;tataśca bāhyaviṣayarāgādyapahṛtacetaso na śāsraṃ nivartayituṃ śaktam;nāpi svabhāvato bāhyaviṣayaviraktacetaso viṣayeṣu pravartayituṃ śaktam;kintu śāsrādetāvadeva bhavati-idamiṣṭasādhanamidamaniṣṭasādhanamiti sādhyasādhanasambandhaviśeṣābhivyaktiḥ-pradīpādivattamasi rūpādijñānam | na tu śāsraṃ bhṛtyāniva balānnivartayati niyojayati vā;dṛśyante hi puruṣā rāgādigauravācchāsramapyatikrāmantaḥ | tasmāt puruṣamativaicitryamapekṣya sādhyasādhanasambandhaviśeṣānanekadhopadiśati |
tatra puruṣāḥ svayameva yathāruci sādhanaviśeṣeṣu pravartante, śāsraṃ tu savitṛpradīpādivadudāsta eva | tathā kasyacitparo 'pi puruṣārtho 'puruṣārthavadavabhāsate; yasya yathāvabhāsaḥ, sa tathārūpaṃ puruṣārthaṃ paśyati; tadanurūpāṇi sādhanānyupāditsate | tathā cārthavādo 'pi-"trayāḥ prājāpatyāḥ prajāpatau pitari brahmacaryamūṣuḥ"ityādiḥ | tasmānna brahmaikatvaṃ jñāpayiṣyanto vedāntā vidhiśāsrasya bādhakāḥ | na ca vidhiśāsrametāvatā nirviṣayaṃ syāt |
nāpyuktakārakādibhedaṃ vidhiśāsramupaniṣadāṃ brahmaikatvaṃ prati prāmāṇyaṃ nivartayati | svaviṣayaśūrāṇi hi pramāṇāni, śrotrādivat |
tatra paṇḍitaṃmanyāḥ kecitsvacittavaśātsarvaṃ pramāṇamitaretaraviruddhaṃ manyante, tachā pratyakṣādivirodhamapi codayanti brahmaikatve-śabdādayaḥ kila śrotrādiviṣayā bhinnāḥ pratyakṣata upalabhyante, brahmaikatvaṃ bruvatāṃ pratyakṣavirodhaḥ
syāt; tathā śrotrādibhiḥ śabdādyupalabdhāraḥ kartāraśca dharmādharmayoḥ pratiśarīraṃ bhinnā anumīyante saṃsāriṇaḥ; tatra brahmaikatvaṃ bruvatāmanumānavirodhaśca | tathā ca āgamavirodhaṃ vadanti-"grāmakāmo yajeta" "paśukāmo yajeta" "svargakāmo yajeta"ityevamādivākyebhyo grāmapaśusvargādikāmāstatsādhanādyanuṣṭhātāraśca bhinnā avagamyante | atrocyate-te tu kutarkadūṣitāntaḥkaraṇā brāhmaṇādivarṇāpasadā anukampanīyā āgamārthavicchinnasampradāyabuddhaya iti | katham? śrotrādidvāraiḥ śabdādibhiḥ pratyakṣata upalabhyamānairbrahmaṇa ekatvaṃ virudhyata iti vadanto vaktavyāḥ-kiṃ śabdādīnāṃ bhedenākāśaikatvaṃ virudhyata iti;atha na viruddhyate, na tarhi pratyakṣavirodhaḥ |
yaccoktaṃ pratiśarīraṃ śabdādyupalabdhāro dharmādharmayośca kartāro bhinnā anumīyante, tathā ca brahmaikatve 'numānavirodha iti;bhinnā kairanumīyanta iti praṣṭavyāḥ;atha yadi brūyuḥ-sarvairasmābhiranumānakuśalairiti-ke yūyamanumānakuśalā ityevaṃ pṛṣṭānāṃ kimuttaram |
śarīrendriyamana ātmasu ca pratyekamanumānakauśalapratyākhyāne, śarīrendriyamanaḥsādhanā ātmāno vayamanumānakuśalāḥ, anekakārakasādhyatvātkriyāṇāmiti cet? evaṃ tarhyanumānakauśalebhavatāmanekatvaprasaṅgaḥ; anekakārakasādhyā hi kriyeti bhavadbhirevābhyupagatam | tatrānumānaṃ ca kriyā; sā śarīrendriyamana ātmasādhanaiḥ kārakairātmakartṛkā nirvartyata ityetatpratijñātam | tatra vayamanumānakuśalā ityevaṃ vadadbhiḥ-śarīrendriyamanaḥsādhanā ātmānaḥ pratyekaṃ vayamaneka ityabhyupagataṃ syāt | aho anumānakauśalaṃ darśitamapucchaśṛṅgaistārkikabalīvardaiḥ | yo hyātmānameva na jānāti sa kathaṃ mūḍhastadgataṃ vā jānīyāt? tatra kimanuminoti? kena vā liṅgena? na hyātmanaḥ svato bhedapratipādakaṃ kiñcilliṅgamasti, yena liṅgenātmabhedaṃ sādhayet; yāni liṅgānyātmabhedasādhanāya nāmarūpavantyupanyasyanti, tāni nāmarūpagatānyupādhaya evātmano ghaṭakarakāpavarakabhūcchidrāṇīvākāśasya | yadākāśasya bhedaliṅgaṃ paśyati, tadātmano 'pi bhedaliṅgaṃ labheta saḥ; na hyātmanaḥ parato 'pi viśeṣamabhyupagacchadbhistārkikaśatairapi bhedaliṅgamātmano darśayituṃ śakyate; svatastu dūrādapanītameva, aviṣayatvādātmanaḥ | yadyatpara ātmadharmatvenābhyupagacchati, tasya tasya nāmarūpābhyāṃ cātmano 'nyatvābhyupagamāt,"ākāśo vai nāma nāmarūpayornirvahitā te yadantarā tadbrahma"iti śruteḥ"nāmarūpe vyākaravāṇi"iti ca | utpattipralayātmake hi nāmarūpe, tadvilakṣaṇaṃ ca brahma-ato 'numānasyaivāviṣayatvātkuto 'numānavirodhaḥ? etenāgamavirodhaḥ pratyuktaḥ |
yaduktaṃ brahmaikatve yasmā upadeśaḥ, yasya copadeśagrahaṇaphalam, tadabhāvādekatvopadeśānarthakyamiti, tadapi na, anekakārakasādhyatvātkriyāṇāṃ kaścodyo bhavati | ekasminbrahmaṇi nirupādhike nopadeśaḥ, nopadeṣṭā, na copadeśagrahaṇaphalam; tasmādupaniṣadāṃ cānarthakyamityetadabhyupagatameva | athānekakārakaviṣayānarthakyaṃ codyate-na, svato | ñabhyupagamavirodhādātmavādinām | tasmāttārkikacāṭabhaṭarājāpraveśyam abhayaṃ durgamidamalpabuddhyagamyaṃ śāsraguruprasādarahitaiśca,"kastaṃ madāmadaṃ devaṃ madanyo jñātumarhati" "devairatrāpi vicikitsitaṃ purā" "naiṣā tarkeṇa matirāpaneyā"-varaprasādalabhyatvaśrutismṛtivādebhyaśca;"tadejati tannaijati taddūre tadvantike"ityādiviruddhadharmasamavāyitvaprakāśakamantravarṇebhyaśca |
gītāsu ca-"matsthāni sarvabhūtāni"ityādi |
tasmātparabrahmavyatirekeṇa saṃsārī nāma nānyadvastvantaramasti |
tasmātsuṣṭhūcyate"brahma vā idamagra āsīt tadātmānamevāved ahaṃ brahmāsmi" "nānyadato 'sti draṣṭṛ nānyadato 'sti śrotṛ"ityādiśrutiśatebhyaḥ |
tasmātparasyaiva brahmaṇaḥ"satyasya satyam"nāmopaniṣatparā || 20 ||
iti bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣye dvitīyādhyāye prathamamajātaśatrubrāhmaṇam || 1 ||
'brahma jñapayiṣyāmi'iti prastutam;tatra yato jagajjātaṃ yanmayaṃ yasmiṃśca līyate tadekaṃ brahmeti jñāpitam | kimātmakaṃ punastajjagajjāyate, līyate ca? pañcabhūtātmakam;bhūtāni ca nāmarūpātmakāni;nāmarūpe satyamiti hyuktam;tasya satyasya pañcabhūtātmakasya satyaṃ brahma |
kathaṃ punarbhūtāni satyamiti mūrtāmūrtabrāhmaṇam | mūrtāmūrtabhūtātmakatvātkāryakaraṇātmakāni bhūtāni prāṇā api satyam | teṣāṃ kāryakaraṇātmakānāṃ bhūtānāṃ satyatvanirdidhārayiṣayā brāhmaṇadvayamārabhyate saivopaniṣadvyākhyā | kāryakaraṇasatyatvāvadhāraṇadvāreṇa hi satyasya satyaṃ brahmāvadhāryate | atroktam 'prāṇā vai satyaṃ teṣāmeṣa satyam'iti | tatra ke prāṇāḥ? kiyatyo vā prāṇaviṣayā upaniṣadaḥ? kāḥ? iti ca brahmopaniṣatprasaṅgena karaṇānāṃ prāṇānāṃ svarūpamavadhārayati-pathigatakūpārāmādyavadhāraṇavat |
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