1. Gerard apparently uses the adverbial ending –iter to render the Arabic dependent form of the word ”perpendicular”, عمودا ‘amūdan (here a standard ”predicate of kāna”), as if it was a circumstantial/conditional qualifier (ḥāl), approx. ”being in the state of a perpendicular”. But the word عمودا ‘amūdan does in fact seem to be used as a ḥāl later in the same proposition (I.12), see here (link), where however it is the first word on the line (Uppsala MS, 7r,3), and highly likely that the verb يكون yakūnu was omitted by the copyist.