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Vasubandhu: Abhidharmakośabhāṣya

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ā ī ū ṛ ṝ ḷ
ḹ ’ ṃ ḥ ṅ ñ
ṭ ḍ ṇ ṣ ś ź
š č ǰ γ    
Note on the transliteration:
The transliteration system of the BP/TLB is based on the Unicode/UTF-8 system. However, there may be difficulties with some of the letters – particularly on PC/Windows-based systems, but not so much on the Mac. We have chosen the most accepted older and traditional systems of transliteration against, e.g, Wylie for Tibetan, since with Unicode it is possible, in Sanskrit and Tibetan, etc., to represent one sound with one letter in almost all the cases (excepting Sanskrit and Tibetan aspirated letters, and Tibetan tsa, tsha, dza). We thus do not use the Wylie system which widely employs two letters for one sound (ng, ny, sh, zh etc.).
 
Important:
We ask you in particular to note the use of the ’ apostrophe and not the ' representing the avagrāha in Sanskrit, and most important the ’a-chuṅ in Tibetan. On the Mac the ’ is Alt-M.
 
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Vasubandhu: Abhidharmakośabhāṣya
    Click to Expand/Collapse Option Complete text
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionTitle
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPreface
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter I: Dhātunirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter II: Indriyanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter III: Lokanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter IV: Karmanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter V: Anuśayanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter VI: Mārgapudgalanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter VII: Jñānanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter VIII: Samāpattinirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter IX: Conclusions
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cakṣuḥ katamat | cakṣurvijñānāśrayo rūpaprasāda iti vistaraḥ |  nirddiṣṭāni pañcendriyāṇi |  arthāḥ pañcā nirddeśyāḥ | tatra tāvat 
何者為眼根 謂眼識依止清淨色  說五根已  次應說五塵 
云何眼根眼識所依淨色為性如是廣說  已說五根  次說五境 
| mig gi dbaṅ po gaṅ źe na | mig gi rnam par śes pa’i rten gzugs daṅ ba’o źes rgyas par ’byuṅ ba’i gźuṅ daṅ yaṅ mthun par ’gyur ro |  | dbaṅ po lṅa dag bśad zin to |  | don lṅa bśad par bya ste | 
     
rūpaṃ dvidhā 
此中 偈曰 色二 
頌曰色二或二十聲唯有八種味六香四種觸十一為性 
de la re źig | gzugs rnam gñis daṅ | 
 
varṇaḥ saṃsthānaṃ ca |  tatra varṇaś caturvidho nīlādiḥ |  tadbhedā anye |  saṃsthānam aṣṭavidhaṃ dīrghādi visātāntam | 
釋曰 一顯色 二形色  顯色有四種 謂青黃赤白  餘色是此四色未異  形色有八種 謂長等耶對是 
論曰言色二者一顯二形  顯色有四青黃赤白  餘顯是此四色差別  形色有八謂長為初不正為後或二十者 
kha dog daṅ | dbyibs so |  | de la kha dog ni rnam pa bźi ste | sṅon po la sogs pa’o |  | gźan dag ni de’i bye brag go |  | dbyibs ni rnam pa brgyad de | riṅ po la sogs pa nas phya le ba ma yin pa la thug pa’o | 
       
tad eva rūpāyatanaṃ punar ucyate | 
重說色入 偈曰 
即此色處復說 
| yaṅ gzugs kyi skye mched de ñid | 
 
viṃśatidhā 
或二十 
二十 
rnam pa ñi śu źes bya ste | 
 
tad yathā nīlaṃ pītaṃ lohitam avadātaṃ dīrghaṃ hrasvaṃ vṛttaṃ parimaṇḍalaṃ unnatam avanataṃ sātaṃ visātaṃ abhraṃ dhūmo rajo mahikā cchāyā ātapaḥ ālokaḥ andhakāram iti |  kecin nabhaś caikavarṇam iti ekaviṃśatiṃ saṃpaṭhanti |  tatra sātaṃ samasthānam |  visātaṃ viṣamasthānam |  mahikā nīhāraḥ |  ātapaḥ sūryaprabhā |  ālokaś candratārakāgnyoṣadhimaṇīnāṃ prabhā  chāyā yatra rūpāṇāṃ darśanam |  viparyayād andhakāram |  śeṣaṃ sugamatvān na vipañcitam |  asti rūpāyatanaṃ varṇato vidyate na saṃsthānataḥ |  nīlapītalohitāvadātacchāyātapālokāndhakārākhyam |  asti saṃsthānato na varṇataḥ |  dīrghādīnāṃ pradeśaḥ kāyavijñaptisvabhāvaḥ |  asty ubhayathā |  pariśiṣṭaṃ rūpāyatanam |  ātapālokau_eva varṇato vidyeta ity apare | dṛśyate hi nīlādīnāṃ dīrghādipariccheda iti |  kathaṃ punar ekaṃ dravyam ubhayathā vidyate |  asty ubhayasya tatra prajñānāt |  jñānārtho hy eṣa vidir na sattārthaḥ |  kāyavijñaptāv api tarhi prasaṅgaḥ |  uktam rūpāyatanam || 
釋曰 謂青黃赤白長短方圓高下正邪雲煙塵霧影光明闇  有餘師說 空為一色故 有二十一色  此中形平等為正  不平等名邪  地氣名霧  日焰名光  月星火藥寶珠電焰名明  於中若色顯現名影  翻此名闇  餘色易解故今不釋  有色入有顯無形  謂青黃赤白影光明闇  有色入有形無顯  謂有長等一分 即有教身業為相  有色入有顯有形  謂所餘諸色  有餘師說 有色入無形無顯 謂無教色 有餘師說 唯光及明有顯無形 何以故 恒見青等諸色有長等差別  云何一物二知所緣  此二色於一塵中現故  是義不然  於有教身業 則成反質難故  說色入已 
謂青黃赤白長短方圓高下正不正雲煙塵霧影光明闇  有餘師說空一顯色第二十一  此中正者謂形平等  形不平等名為不正  地水氣騰說之為霧  日焰名光  月星火藥寶珠電等諸焰名明  障光明生於中餘色可見名影  翻此為闇  餘色易了故今不釋  或有色處有顯無形  謂青黃赤白影光明闇  或有色處有形無顯  謂長等一分身表業性  或有色處有顯有形  謂所餘色  有餘師說唯光明色有顯無形現見世間青等色處有長等故  如何一事具有顯形  由於此中俱可知故  此中有者是有智義非有境義  若爾身表中亦應有顯智  已說色處 
’di lta ste | sṅon po daṅ | ser po daṅ | dkar po daṅ | dmar po daṅ | riṅ po daṅ | thuṅ ṅu daṅ | lham pa daṅ | zlum po daṅ | mthon po daṅ | dma’ ba daṅ | phya le ba daṅ | phya le ba ma yin pa daṅ | sprin daṅ | du ba daṅ | rṅul daṅ | khug rna daṅ | grib ma daṅ | ñi ma daṅ | snaṅ ba daṅ | mun pa’o |  | kha cig ni nam mkha’ la kha dog gcig daṅ rnam pa ñi śu rtsa gcig tu ’don to |  | de la phya le ba ni dbyibs mñam pa’o |  | phya le ba ma yin pa ni dbyibs mi mñam pa’o |  | khug rna ni lho bur ro |  | ñi ma ni ñi ma’i ’od do |  | snaṅ ba ni zla ba daṅ skar ma daṅ me daṅ sman daṅ nor bu rnams kyi ’od dag go |  | grib ma ni gaṅ na gzugs rnams snaṅ ba’o |  | de las bzlog pa ni mun pa’o |  | lhag ma ni brda phrad par sla bas rnam par ma phye ba’o |  | gzugs kyi skye mched kha dog tu yod la dbyibs su med pa yang yod de |  sṅon po daṅ | ser po daṅ | dmar po daṅ | dkar po daṅ | grib ma daṅ | ñi ma daṅ | mnaṅ ba daṅ | mun pa źes bya’o |  | dbyibs su yod la kha dog du med pa yang yod de |  riṅ po la sogs pa’i phyogs lus kyi rnam par rig byed kyi ngo bo nyid do |  | gñi gar yod pa yaṅ yod de |  gzugs kyi skye mched lhag ma’o |  | gźan dag na re | sṅon po la sogs pa daṅ riṅ po la sogs par yoṅs su chad par snaṅ bas na ñi ma daṅ | snaṅ ba kho na kha dog tu yod do źes zer ro |  | ji ltar na rdzas gcig la gñi gar yod ce na |  de la gñi ga mṅon pa’i phyir te |  yod pa ‘di ni śes pa’i don yin gyi yod pa’i don ni ma yin no |  | ‘o na ni lus kyi rnam par rig byed la’aṅ thal bar ‘gyur ro |  | gzugs gyi skye mched bśad zin to | 
                                           
śabdas tv aṣṭavidhaḥ 
偈曰 聲塵有八種 
當說聲處聲唯八種 
| sgra ni rnam pa brgyad yod de | 
 
upāttānupāttamahābhūtahetukaḥ sattvāsattvākhyaś ceti caturvidhaḥ |  sa punar manojñāmanojñabhedād aṣṭavidho bhavati |  tatropāttamahābhūtahetuko yathā hastavācchabdaḥ |  anupāttamahābhūtahetuko yathā vāyuvanaspatinadīśabdaḥ |  sattvākhyo vāgvijñaptiśabdaḥ |  asattvākhyo ’nyaḥ |  upāttānupāttamahābhūtahetuko ’py asti śabda ity apare |  tad yathā hastamṛdaṅgasaṃyogaja iti |  sa tu yathaiko varṇaparamāṇur na bhūtacatuṣkadvayam upādāyeṣyate tathā naivaiṣṭavya iti |  uktaḥ śabdaḥ | 
釋曰 有執依非執依四大為因 有眾生名非眾生名 是名四聲  此聲由可愛非可愛差別故成八種  此中有執依為因者 謂言手等聲  非執依為因者 謂風樹浪等聲  有眾生名者 謂有義言聲  異此為非眾生名  有餘師說 有別聲有執依非執依四大為因  謂手鼓合生  譬如一顯色鄰虛不許依二四大生 此聲亦應爾  說聲已 
謂有執受或無執受大種為因及有情名非有情名差別為四  此復可意及不可意差別成八  執受大種為因聲者謂言手等所發音聲  風林河等所發音聲名無執受大種為因  有情名聲謂語表業  餘聲則是非有情名  有說有聲通有執受及無執受大種為因  如手鼓等合所生聲  如不許一顯色極微二四大造聲亦應爾  已說聲處 
| zin pa daṅ ma zin pa’i ’byuṅ ba chen po’i rgyu las byuṅ ba sems can daṅ | sems can ma yin par ston pa ste rnam pa bźi’o |  | de yaṅ yid du ’oṅ ba daṅ yid du mi ’oṅ ba’i bye brag gis rnam pa brgyad du ’gyur ro |  | de la zin pa’i ’byuṅ ba chen po’i rgyu las byuṅ ba ni ’di lta ste | lag pa daṅ ṅag gi sgra lta bu’o |  | ma zin pa’i ’byuṅ ba chen po’i rgyu las byuṅ ba ni ’di lta ste | rluṅ daṅ | nags tshal daṅ | chu’i sgra lta bu’o |  | sems can du ston pa ni ṅag gi rnam par rig byed kyi sgra’o |  | gźan ni sems can du ston pa ma yin pa’o |  | gźan dag na re zin pa daṅ | ma zin pa’i ’byuṅ ba chen po’i rgyu las byuṅ ba’i sgra yaṅ yod de |  dper na lag pa daṅ rdza rṅa phrad pa las skyes pa lta bu’o źes zer te |  de ni ’di ltar kha dog gi rdul phra rab gcig las byuṅ ba bźi tshan gñis rgyur byas par mi ’dod pa de bźin du mi ’dod par bya’o |  | sgra bśad zin to | 
                   
rasaḥ |
ṣoḍhā | 
偈曰 味六 
當說味處味有六種 
| ro ni rnam pa drug | 
 
madhurāmlalavaṇakaṭukatiktakaṣāyabhedāt | 
釋曰 謂甜酢鹹辛苦淡差別故 
甘醋鹹辛苦淡別故已說味處 
| mṅar ba daṅ | skyur ba daṅ | lan tshwa daṅ | tsha ba daṅ | kha ba daṅ | bska ba’i bye brag gis so | 
 
caturvidho gandhaḥ 
偈曰 香有四 
當說香處香有四種 
| dri rnam bźi | 
 
sugandhadurgandhayoḥ samaviṣamagandhatvāt |  trividhas tu śāstre | sugandho durgandhaḥ samagandha iti | 
釋曰 謂香臭平等不平等差別故  阿毘達磨中說香有三種 謂香臭平等 
好香惡香等不等香有差別故  本論中說香有三種好香惡香及平等香已說香處 
| dri źim pa daṅ | dri ṅa ba rnam pa gñis | dri mñam pa daṅ | mi mñam pa’i phyir ro |  | bstan bcos las ni dri źim pa daṅ | dri ṅa ba daṅ | dri mñam pa’o źes rnam pa gsum ’byuṅ ṅo | 
   
spṛśyam ekādaśātmakam || 1.10 || 
偈曰 觸塵十一種 
[觸十一為性] 
| reg bya bcu gcig bdag ñid do | 
 
spraṣṭavyam ekādaśadravyasvabhāvam |  catvāri mahābhūtāni ślakṣṇatvaṃ karkaśatvaṃ gurutvaṃ laghutvaṃ śītaṃ jighatsā pipāsā ceti |  tatra bhūtāni paścād vakṣyāmaḥ |  ślakṣṇatvaṃ mṛdutā |  karkaśatvaṃ paruṣatā |  gurutvaṃ yena bhāvās tulyante |  laghutvaṃ viparyayāt |  śītam uṣṇābhilāṣakṛt |  jighatsā bhojanābhilāṣakṛt | [pipāsā pānābhilāṣakṛt |]  karaṇe kāryopacārāt | yathā 
釋曰 觸有十一種應知  謂四大滑澀重輕冷飢渴  此中四大後當說  柔軟名滑  麤燥為澀  可稱名重  翻此為輕  熱愛為冷  食愛為飢 飲愛為渴  於因立果名故說如此 
當說觸處觸有十一  謂四大種滑性澀性重性輕性及冷飢渴  此中大種後當廣說  柔軟名滑  麤強為澀  可稱名重  翻此為輕  煖欲名冷  食欲名飢飲欲名渴  此三於因立果名故作如是說如有頌言 
| reg bya rdzas kyi raṅ bźin ni bcu gcig ste |  ’byuṅ ba chen po bźi dag daṅ | ’jam pa ñid daṅ | rtsub pa ñid daṅ | lci ba ñid daṅ | yaṅ ba ñid daṅ | graṅ ba daṅ | bkres pa daṅ | skom pa’o |  | de la ’byuṅ ba rnams ni ’og nas bśad par bya’o |  | ’jam pa ñid ni mñen pa’o |  | rtsub pa ñid ni rud rud pa’o |  | lci ba ñid ni gaṅ gis na dṅos po rnams ’jal bar byed pa’o |  | bzlog pa ni yaṅ ba ñid do |  | graṅ ba ni dro bar ’dod par byed pa’o |  | bkres pa ni zad ’dod par byed pa’o | | skom pa ni skom ’dod par byed pa’o |  | rgyu la ’bras bu brtags pa’i phyir te dper na | 
                   
buddhāṇāṃ sukha utpādaḥ sukhā dharmasya deśanā |
sukhā saṃghasya sāmagrī samagrāṇāṃ tapaḥ sukham || iti | 
如佛伽陀中說 諸佛生現樂 說正法亦樂 大眾和合樂 聚集出家樂 
諸佛出現樂演說正法樂僧眾和合樂同修勇進樂 
saṅs rgyas rnams na ’byuṅ ba bde | | chos bstan pa yaṅ bde pa’o |
| dge ’dun mthun pa bde ba yin | | mthun pa rnams kyi dka’ thub bde | | źes bya ba bźin no | 
 
tatra rūpadhātau jighatsāpipāse na staḥ |  śeṣam asti |  yady api tatra vastrāṇy ekaśo na tulyante saṃcitāni punas tulyante |  śītam upaghātakaṃ nāsti | anugrāhakaṃ kilāsti | 
於色界中無飢渴觸  有所餘諸觸  於中彼衣若不可各稱 四大聚集所造故 亦可得稱  於彼無能損冷觸 有能益冷觸 他說如此 
於色界中無飢渴觸  有所餘觸  彼界衣服別不可稱聚則可稱  冷煖於彼雖無能損而有能益傳說如此 
| de la gzugs kyi khams na ni bkres pa daṅ skom pa med do |  | lhag ma ni yod do |  | gal te de ni gos re re nas mi ’jal yaṅ bsags pa dag ni ’jal lo |  | gnod par byed pa’i graṅ ba med kyi phan par byed pa ni yod do lo | 
       
yad etad bahuvidhaṃ rūpam uktaṃ tatra kadācid ekena dravyeṇa cakṣurvijñānam utpadyate yadā tatprakāravyavacchedo bhavati |  kadācid bahubhir yadā na vyavacchedaḥ |  tad yathā senāvyūham anekavarṇasaṃsthānaṃ maṇisamūhaṃ ca dūrāt paśyataḥ |  evaṃ śrotrādivijñānaṃ veditavyam |  kāyavijñānaṃ tu paraṃ pañcabhiḥ spraṣṭavyair utpadyata ity eke | caturbhir mahābhūtair ekena ca ślakṣṇatvādineti |  sarvair ekadāśabhir ity apare |  nanu caivaṃ samastālambanatvāt sāmānyaviṣayāḥ pañca vijñānakāyāḥ prāpnuvanti na svalakṣaṇaviṣayāḥ |  āyatanasvalakṣaṇaṃ praty ete svalakṣaṇaviṣayā iṣyante na dravyasvalakṣaṇam pratīty adoṣaḥ | 
前已說色有多種 此中有時由一物眼識得生 若是時中分別一類  有時由多物眼識得生若是時中無 所分別  譬如軍眾 有無量顯形色 及遠見眾寶應知  耳等識亦爾  身識若極多 由五觸生 謂四大觸 諸觸中滑等隨一 有師作如此執  復有餘師說 具足十一觸生身識  若爾則總緣塵 通境為塵 五識應成不但緣別境 五識對入別相為境故  許彼以別相為境 非對物別相 斯有何失 
此中已說多種色處有時眼識緣一事生謂於爾時各別了別  有時眼識緣多事生謂於爾時不別了別  如遠觀察軍眾山林無量顯形珠寶聚等應知  耳等諸識亦爾  有餘師說身識極多緣五觸起謂四大種滑等隨一  有說極多總緣一切十一觸起  若爾五識總緣境故應五識身取共相境非自相境  約處自相許五識身取自相境非事自相斯有何失 
| gaṅ ’di gzugs rnam pa maṅ po bśad pa de la res ’ga’ ni rdzas gcig gis mig gi rnam par śes pa skyed de | gaṅ gi tshe de’i rnam pa bye brag tu gcod par ’gyur ba na’o |  | res ‘ga’ ni maṅ pos te | gaṅ gi tshe bye brag tu mi gcod pa na ste  dper na thag riṅ po nas dmag bśams pa ’am | nor bu’i tshogs kyi kha dog daṅ dbyibs du ma la lta ba lta bu’o |  | rna ba la sogs pa’i rnam par śes pa yaṅ de bźin du rig par bya’o |  | lus kyi rnam par śes pa ni kha cig na re śin tu maṅ na ’byuṅ ba chen po bźi dag daṅ | ’jam pa ñid la sogs pa gcig daṅ reg bya lṅas skyed do źes zer ro |  | gźan dag na re bcu gcig po thams cad kyis kyaṅ skyed do źes zer ro |  | de lta na spyi la dmigs pa’i phyir rnam par śes pa’i tshogs lṅa po dag spyi’i yul can du ’gyur gyi | raṅ gi mtshan ñid kyi yul can ma yin pa ma yin nam źe na |  ’di dag ni skye mched kyi raṅ gi mtshan ñid kyi yul can du ’dod kyi | rdzas kyi raṅ gi mtshan ñid kyi ni ma yin pas ñes pa med do | 
               
idaṃ vicāryate |  kāyajihvendriyayor yugapadviṣayaprāptau satyāṃ katarad vijñānaṃ pūrvam utpadyate |  yasya viṣayaḥ paṭīyān |  samaprāpte tu viṣaye jihvāvijñānaṃ pūrvam utpadyate |  bhoktukāmatāvarjitatvāt santateḥ |  uktāḥ pañcendriyārthāḥ yathā ca teṣāṃ grahaṇaṃ | 
應思此義  身舌二根 一時塵至 何識先生  隨強塵先發識  若平等塵至 舌識先生  食欲所引相續故  如此説五根五塵及如取塵已。 
今應思擇  身舌二根兩境俱至何識先起  隨境強(3a13)盛彼識先生  境若均平舌識先起  食飮引身令相續故。  已説根境及取境相。 
| ’di dpyad par bya ste |  lus daṅ lce’i dbaṅ po gñis cig car du yul daṅ phrad na rnam par śes pa gaṅ sṅar skye źe na |  gaṅ gi yul śas che ba’o |  | yul mñam pa daṅ phrad na ni lce’i rnam par śes pa sṅar skye ste |  (31b1)| za bar ’dod pas rgyud gtad pa’i phyir ro |  | dbaṅ po lṅa daṅ | don lṅa daṅ | de dag la ji ltar ’dzin pa yaṅ bśad zin to | 
           
 
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Enhet: Det humanistiske fakultet   Utviklet av: IT-seksjonen ved HF
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