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Vasubandhu: Abhidharmakośabhāṣya

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ā ī ū ṛ ṝ ḷ
ḹ ’ ṃ ḥ ṅ ñ
ṭ ḍ ṇ ṣ ś ź
š č ǰ γ    
Note on the transliteration:
The transliteration system of the BP/TLB is based on the Unicode/UTF-8 system. However, there may be difficulties with some of the letters – particularly on PC/Windows-based systems, but not so much on the Mac. We have chosen the most accepted older and traditional systems of transliteration against, e.g, Wylie for Tibetan, since with Unicode it is possible, in Sanskrit and Tibetan, etc., to represent one sound with one letter in almost all the cases (excepting Sanskrit and Tibetan aspirated letters, and Tibetan tsa, tsha, dza). We thus do not use the Wylie system which widely employs two letters for one sound (ng, ny, sh, zh etc.).
 
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Vasubandhu: Abhidharmakośabhāṣya
    Click to Expand/Collapse Option Complete text
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionTitle
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPreface
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter I: Dhātunirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter II: Indriyanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter III: Lokanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter IV: Karmanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter V: Anuśayanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter VI: Mārgapudgalanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter VII: Jñānanirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter VIII: Samāpattinirdeśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter IX: Conclusions
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katy ādhyātmikā dhātavaḥ kati bāhyāḥ | 
言(12)復有幾界爲我依。幾界爲我依外。 
如是已説得成就等。(15)十八界中幾内幾外。 
| khams du dag gcig ni naṅ gi yin | du dag gcig ni phyi’i yin źe na 
 
dvādaśādhyātmikāḥ  
偈曰。十二(13)界我依。 
頌曰
(16)内十二眼等 色等六爲外 
| naṅ gi bcu gñis | 
 
katame dvādaśa | 
釋曰。何者十二。 
 
bcu gñis gaṅ dag ce na | 
 
hitvā rūpādīn  
偈曰。除色等。 
See the full verse quoted previously 
gzugs la sogs pa ma gtogs 
 
ṣaḍ vijñānāni ṣaḍāśrayā ity ete dvādaśa dhātava ādhyātmakāḥ |  rūpādayas tu ṣaḍ viṣayadhātavo bāhyāḥ |  ātmany asati katham ādhyātmikaṃ bāhyaṃ vā |  ahaṅkārasanniśrayatvāc cittam ātmety upacaryate | 
釋(14)曰。六識六根。此十二界名我依。  色等六塵界(15)名外。  我既是無。云何説我依及我依外。  我慢(16)依止故。假説心爲我。 
(17)論曰。六根六識十二名内。  外謂所餘色等六(18)境。  我依名内。外謂此餘。我體既無内外何(19)有。  我執依止故。假説心爲我。 
rnam par śes (6)pa drug daṅ | rten drug ste | khams bcu gñis po de dag ni naṅ gi yin no |  | gzugs la sogs pa yul gyi khams drug po de dag ni phyi’i yin no |  | bdag med na ji ltar na naṅ gi ’am | phyi’i yin źe na |  sems ni ṅar ’dzin pa’i rten yin pa’i phyir bdag ces ñe bar ’dogs te | 
       
ātmanā hi sudāntena svargaṃ prāpnoti paṇḍitaḥ 
如偈言(17)我是我善依　異此何勝依
(18)若我好調伏　智人得解脱 
故契經説(20)由善調伏我智者得生天 
mkhas pas bdag ñid śin tu (7)ni | | dul bas mtho ris thob par ’gyur | 
 
ity uktam |  cittasya cānyatra damanam uktaṃ bhagavatā |  cittasya damanaṃ sādhu cittaṃ dāntaṃ sukhāvaham iti |  ata ātmabhūtasya cittasyāśrayabhāvena pratyāsannatvāt |  cakṣurādīnām ādhyātmikatvaṃ rūpādīnāṃ viṣayabhāvād bāhyatvam |  evam tarhi ṣaḍ vijñānadhātava ādhyātmikā na prāpnuvanti |  na hy ete manodhātutvam aprāptāś cittasyāśrayībhavanti |  yadā tadā ta eva te bhavantīti lakṣaṇaṃ nātivarttante |  anyathā hi manodhātur atīta eva syān nānāgatapratyutpannaḥ |  iṣyante cāṣṭādaśa dhātavas traiyadhvikāḥ |  yadi vānāgatapratyutpannasya vijñānasya manodhātulakṣaṇaṃ na syāt atīte ’py adhvani manodhātur na vyavasthāpyeta |  na hi lakṣaṇasyādhvasu vyabhicāro ’stīti ||  kati dhātavaḥ sabhāgāḥ kati tatsabhāgāḥ | ekāntena tāvat 
  (19)有餘處佛世尊説。唯調伏心。  如偈言
(20)調伏心最勝　心調引樂故  (21)是心世間説爲我。眼等爲此依止。及親近故。  (22)是故説眼等名我。依色等爲境界故稱外。  若(23)爾六識界。應不成我依。  何以故。六識未至(24)意界位。不得爲心依。  是時若作意界。即六識(25)作非餘故。六識不離意界體。  若不爾。意界唯(26)過去。非未來現在。  彼部許十八界有三世故。  (27)若未來現在識。無意界體相。於過去中。亦不(28)可立爲意界。  何以故。相於三世。無不定義(29)故。  幾界有等分。幾界非等分。若一向有等(170a1)分。 
  (21)世尊餘處説調伏心。  如契經言(22)應善調伏心心調能引樂  (23)故但於心假説爲我。眼等爲此所依親近。  (24)故説名内。色等爲此所縁踈遠。故説名(25)外。  若爾六識應不名内。  未至意位非心(26)依故。  至意位時不失六識界。未至意位亦(27)非越意相。  若異此者。意界唯應在過去世(28)六識唯在現在未來。  便違自宗許十八界皆(29)通三世。  又若未來現在六識無意界相過去(10a1)意界亦應不立。  相於三世無改易故。  已(2)説内外。十八界中幾是同分。幾彼同分。 
| źes gsuṅs la |  bcom ldan ’das kyis gźan las | sems dul ba ni legs pa ste |  sems dul bas ni bde ba ’dren | | źes sems dul ba yan par gsuṅs pas de’i phyir  mig la sogs pa ni sems bdag tu gyur pa’i rten gyi dṅos por ñe bar gyur (46a1)pa’i phyir naṅ gi ñid yin no |  | gzugs la sogs pa rnams ni yul du gyur pa’i phyir phyi rol gyi ñid yin no |  | de lta na | ’o na ni rnam par śes pa’i khams drug po dag naṅ gi yin par mi ’gyur te |  de dag yid kyi khams ñid du ma gyur pa ni sems kyi rten du mi ’gyur ro źe na |  gaṅ gi cho yin (2)ba de’i tshe na yaṅ de dag ñid de dag yin te mtshan ñid las ni mi ’da’o |  | de lta ma yin na yid kyi khams ’das pa kho na yin par ’gyur gyi ma ’oṅs pa daṅ da ltar byuṅ ba yin par ni mi ’gyur ba źig na  khams bco brgyad po dag ni dus gsum pa yin par yaṅ ’dod do |  | gal te yaṅ rnam par śes pa ma ’oṅs pa (3)daṅ da ltar byuṅ ba yid kyi khams kyi mtshan ñid ma yin par gyur na ’das pa’i dus na yaṅ yid kyi khams su rnam par gźag par mi ’gyur te |  mtshan ñid ni dus rnams su ’khrul pa med do |  | brten pa daṅ bcas pa’i khams rnams ni du | de daṅ mtshuṅs pa rnams ni du źe na | re źig gcig tu 
                         
dharmasaṃjñakaḥ |
sabhāgaḥ 
偈曰。法界等分。 
頌(3)曰
(4)法同分餘二 作不作自業 
| (4)chos źes bya ba ni | brten pa daṅ bcas | 
 
yo hi viṣayo yasya vijñānasya niyato yadi tatra tadvijñānam utpantaṃ bhavaty utpattidharmi vā evaṃ sa viṣayaḥ sabhāga ity ucyate |  na ca so ’sti kaścid dharmadhātur yatra nānantaṃ manovijñānam utpannam utpatsyate vā |  tathā hi sarvāryapudgalānām idaṃ cittam avaśyam utpadyate sarvadharmā anātmāna iti |  tasya ca svabhāvasahabhūnirmuktāḥ sarvadharmā ālambanam |  sa punaś cittakṣaṇo ’nyasya cittakṣaṇasyālambanam iti dvayoḥ kṣaṇayoḥ sarvadharmā hy ālambanaṃ bhavanti |  tasmād dharmadhātur nityaṃ sabhāgaḥ | 
釋曰。是塵於識定爲境。(2)若識於中已生及定生爲法。是塵説名等分。  (3)無一法界此中無邊意識非已生非應生。  何(4)以故。一切聖人心縁法界。必如此生。謂一(5)切法無我。  此心離自性及共有法。  餘一切法(6)悉爲境界。此刹那心。於第二刹那心。皆成境(7)界。於二刹那中。一切法皆成境界。  是故法界(8)恒是等分。 
(5)論曰。法同分者。謂一法界唯是同分。若境與(6)識定爲所縁。識於其中已生生法。此所縁(7)境説名同分。  無一法界不於其中已正當(8)生無邊意識。  由諸聖者決定生心。觀一切(9)法皆爲無我。  彼除自體及倶有法  餘一切法(10)皆爲所縁。如是所除亦第二念心所縁境。此(11)二念心縁一切境無不周遍。  是故法界恒(12)名同分。 
gaṅ źig rnam par śes pa gaṅ gi yul du ṅes la gal te de la rnam par śes pa de skyes pa ’am skyes pa’i chos can gyi yul de ni brten pa daṅ bcas pa źes bya la |  gaṅ la yid kyi rnam par śes pa mtha’ yas pa ma skyes pa’am skye bar mi ’gyur ba’i chos kyi khams (5)gaṅ yin pa de ni ’ga’ yaṅ med de |  ’di ltar ’phags pa’i gaṅ zag thams cad ni gdon mi za bar chos thams cad la bdag med do sñam pa’i sems ’di skye’o |  | de’i dmigs pa yaṅ raṅ gi ṅo bo daṅ lhan cig ’byuṅ ba ma gtogs pa chos thams cad yin no |  | sems kyi skad cig ma de yaṅ sems kyi (6)skad cig ma gźan gyi dmigs pa ma yin pas skad cig ma gñis kyi dmigs par ni chos thams cad ’gyur te |  de lta bas na chos kyi khams ni rtag tu brten pa daṅ bcas pa yin no | 
           
tatsabhāgāś ca śeṣāḥ 
偈曰。非等分餘。 
See the full verse quoted previously 
| lhag ma ni | de daṅ mtshuṅs pa dag kyaṅ yin | 
 
sabhāgaś ceti caśabdaḥ | ko ’yaṃ tatsabhāgo nāma | 
釋曰。除法界所餘(9)界。非等分亦有等分。何法名非等分。 
餘二者。謂餘十七界皆有同分及(13)彼同分。何名同分彼同分耶。 
kyaṅ źes bya ba’i sgra ni brten pa daṅ bcas pa dag kyaṅ yin pa’o | | de daṅ (7)mtshuṅs pa źes bya ba ’di ci źig ce na | 
 
yo na svakarmakṛt || 1.39 || 
偈曰。(10)不作自事。 
謂作自業不(14)作自業。 
gaṅ źig raṅ gi las mi byed | 
 
uktaṃ bhavati yaḥ svakarmakṛt sa sabhāga iti |  tatra yena cakṣuṣā rūpāṇy apaśyat paśyati drakṣyati vā tad ucyate sabhāgaṃ acakṣuḥ |  evaṃ yāvan manaḥ svena viṣayakāritreṇa vaktavyam |  tatsabhāgaṃ cakṣuḥ kāśmīrāṇāṃ caturvidham |  yad dṛṣṭvā rūpāṇi niruddhaṃ nirudhyate nirotsyate vā yac cānutpattidharmi |  pāścāttyānāṃ punaḥ pañcavidham |  tad evānutpattidharmi dvidhā kṛtvā vijñānasamāyuktaṃ cāsamāyuktaṃ ca |  evaṃ yāvat kāyo veditavyaḥ | manastvan utpattidharmakam eva tatsabhāgam |  rūpāṇi ca yāni cakṣuṣā ’paśāyat paśyati drakṣyati vā tāni sabhāgāni |  tatsabhāgāni caturvidhāni |  yāny adṛṣṭāny eva niruddhāni nirudhyante nirutsyante vā yāni cānutpattidharmīṇi |  evaṃ yāvat spraṣṭavyāni |  svendriyakāritreṇa sabhāgatatsabhāgāni veditavyāni |  yad ekasya cakṣuḥ sabhāgaṃ tat sarveṣām |  evaṃ tatsabhāgam api |  tathā yāvan manaḥ |  rūpaṃ tu yaḥ paśyati tasya sabhāgaṃ yo na paśyati tasya tatsabhāgam |  kiṃ kāraṇam |  asti hi saṃbhavo yad rūpam ekaḥ paśyati tadbhahavo ’pi paśyeyur yathā candranaṭamallaprekṣāsu |  na tu saṃbhavo ’sti yad ekena cakṣuṣā dvau paśyetām |  ato ’syāsādhāraṇatvād ekasantānavaśena vyavasthānam |  rūpasya tu sādhāraṇatvāt anekasantānavaśena |  yathā raupam evaṃ śabdagandharasaspraṣṭavyadhātavo veditavyāḥ |  bhavatu śabda evam |  gandhādayas tu ya ekena gṛhyante na te ’nyena prāptagṛhaṇād ity asādhāraṇatvād eṣāṃ cakṣurādivadatideśo nyāyyaḥ |  asty etad evam api tv eśām api saṃbhavaṃ prati sādhāraṇatvam |  asti hy eṣa saṃbhavo ya eva gandhādaya ekasya ghrāṇādivijñānam utpādayeyus ta evānyeṣām api |  na tv evaṃ cakṣurādayaḥ | tasmān deṣāṃ rūpādivadatideśaḥ |  cakṣurvijñānādīnāṃ sabhāgatatsabhāgatvam utpattyanutpattidharmitvād yathā manodhātoḥ | 
釋曰。義至已説。若作自事名有等(11)分。  若眼界已見色正見色當見色。説名有等(12)分。  乃至意界亦爾。由於塵自功能立名等分。  (13)罽賓國師説非等分眼有四種。  若眼根不見(14)色。已滅正滅當滅。無生爲法。  西方諸師説。(15)有五種無生爲法。  分爲二分。一與識相應。一(16)與識不相應。  乃至身亦爾。意根但無生爲法。(17)名非等分。  色者若已見正見當見。名有等分。  (18)非等分有四種。  若色非所見。已滅正滅當滅。(19)無生爲法。名非等分。  乃至觸亦爾。  由自根功(20)能應知。色等有等分非等分義。  是一人等分(21)眼。於一切人非等分。    乃至意亦爾。  色則不(22)爾。隨能見者。於此人則成等分。若不能見。(23)於此人則非等分。  何以故。  有如此義。此色是(24)一人所見。亦可得爲多人所見。如觀看時中(25)見月舞相攅等色。  無如此義。由一眼根二(26)人見色。  是故諸根不共得故。就一相續分別(27)等分非等分。  色由共得故。不就一相續立等(28)分非等分。  如色聲香味觸界應知如此。  聲界(29)可許如此。  香等三界。隨一一人所得。餘人(170b1)不得。何以故。此三皆至到根故不共得。別(2)立似眼等。應是道理。  雖不共得。有如此道理(3)可立共得。  何以故有如此義。是香等能生一(4)人鼻等識。  亦可得生餘人鼻等識。眼等則不(5)爾。是故香等如色可得例説。  眼等諸識等分(6)非等分義。由定生定不生故。猶如意界。 
若作自業名爲同分。不作自業(15)名彼同分。  此中眼界於有見色已正當見(16)名同分眼。  如是廣説。乃至意界各於自境(17)應説自用。  迦濕彌羅國毘婆沙師説。彼同(18)分眼但有四種。  謂不見色已正當滅及不(19)生法。  西方諸師説有五種。  謂不生法復開爲(20)二。一有識屬。二無識屬。  乃至身界應知亦(21)然。意彼同分唯不生法。  色界爲眼已正當(22)見名同分色。  彼同分色亦有四種。  謂非眼(23)見已正當滅及不生法。  廣説乃至觸界亦爾。  (24)各對自根應説自用。應知同分及彼同分。  (25)眼若於一是同分。於餘一切亦同分。  彼同(26)分亦如是。  廣説乃至意界亦爾。  色即不然(27)於見者是同分。於不見者是彼同分。  所以(28)者何。  色有是事。謂一所見亦多所見。如觀(29)月舞相撲等色。  眼無是事。謂一眼根二能見(10b1)色。  眼不共故。依一相續建立同分及彼同(2)分。  色是共故。依多相續建立同分及彼同(3)分。  如説色界聲香味觸應知亦爾。  聲可如(4)色。  香味觸三至根方取。是不共故。一取非(5)餘。理應如眼等。  不應如色説。雖有是理(6)而容有共。  所以者何。香等三界於一及餘。(7)皆有可生鼻等識義。  眼等不然。故知色(8)説。  眼等六識同分彼同分生不生法故。如意(9)界説。 
| gaṅ raṅ gi las byed pa de ni brten pa daṅ bcas pa’o źes bśad par ’gyur ro |  | de la mig gaṅ gis gzugs rnams mthoṅ ba daṅ | lta ba ’am lta bar ’gyur ba’i mig de ni brten pa daṅ bcas źes bya ste |  de bźin du yid kyi bar (46b1)la yaṅ raṅ raṅ gi yul la byed pas brjod par bya’o |  | kha che ba rnams kyi ltar na de daṅ mtshuṅs pa’i mig ni rnam pa bźi ste |  gzugs rnams ma mthoṅ bar ’gags pa daṅ | ’gag pa daṅ | ’gag par ’gyur ba gaṅ yin pa daṅ | mi skye ba’i chos gaṅ yin ba’o |  | nub phyogs pa rnams kyi ltar na rnam (2)pa lṅa ste |  mi skye ba’i chos de ñid rnam par śes pa daṅ ldan pa daṅ | ldan pa ma yin pa daṅ rnam pa gñis su phye ba’i phyir te |  lus kyi bar du yaṅ de bźin du rig par bya’o | | yid ni mi skye ba’i chos kho na de ’dra ba yin no |  | gzugs gaṅ dag mig gis mthoṅ bar gyur pa daṅ | mthoṅ ba daṅ | mthoṅ bar (3)’gyur ba de dag ni brten pa daṅ bcas pa rnams so |  | de daṅ ’dra ba ni rnam pa bźi ste |  gaṅ dag ma mthoṅ ba ñid du ’gags pa daṅ | ’gag par ’gyur ba daṅ | gaṅ dag mi skye ba’i chos rnams te |  de bźin du reg bya’i bar dag la yaṅ  raṅ gi dbaṅ po’i byed pas de daṅ ’dra ba dag tu rig par (4)bya’o |  | gcig gi mig brten pa daṅ bcas pa gaṅ yin pa de ni thams cad kyi yin no |  | de daṅ mtshuṅs pa rnams kyaṅ de bźin te |  yid kyi bar du yaṅ de daṅ ’dra’o |  | gzugs ni gaṅ źig lta ba de’i brten pa daṅ bcas pa yin la gaṅ mi lta ba de’i ni de daṅ mtshuṅs pa yin no |  | ci’i phyir źe na |  gzugs gaṅ (5)la gcig lta ba de la maṅ po yaṅ lta bar ’gyur ba srid pa yod de | dper na zla ba daṅ bro gar daṅ gyad dag la lta ba lta bu’o |  | gaṅ gñis mig gcig gis lta bar ’gyur ba srid pa ni med de |  de’i phyir ’di thun moṅ ma yin pa’i phyir rgyud gcig gi dbaṅ gis rnam par gźag go |  | gzugs ni thun moṅ yin pa’i phyir (6)rgyud ma’i dbaṅ gis rnam par gźag go | gzugs ji lta ba de bźin du sgra daṅ dri daṅ ro daṅ reg bya’i khams dag la yaṅ rig par bya’o |  | sgra ni de lta yin du chug na dri la sogs pa ni gaṅ dag gcig gis ’dzin pa de dag gźan gyis mi ’dzin te |  phrad nas ’dzin pa’i phyir ro |  | de lta bas na de dag kyaṅ thun moṅ ma (7)yin pa’i phyir mig la sogs pa bźin du bsgre ba’i rigs so źe na |  de lta bu yod mod kyi ’on kyaṅ de dag la yaṅ srid pa’i phyir thun moṅ ba ñid de |  gcig gis sna la sogs pa’i rnam par śes pa bskyed par ’gyur ba’i dri la sogs pa gaṅ dag yin pa de dag ñid gźan dag gi yaṅ  yin pa srid pa de ni yod kyi mig la (47a1) sogs pa ni de lta ma yin no | | de lta bas na de dag ni gzugs bźin du bsgre’o |  | mig gi rnam par śes pa la sogs pa dag gi brten pa daṅ bcas pa daṅ de daṅ mtshuṅs pa ñid ni skye ba daṅ mi skye ba’i chos yin pa’i phyir yid kyi khams ji lta ba bźin no | 
                                                         
sabhāga iti ko ’rthaḥ |  indriyaviṣayavijñānānām anyonyabhajanaṃ kāritrabhajanaṃ vā bhāgaḥ |  sa eṣām astīti sabhāgaḥ | sparśasamānakāryatvād vā |  ye punar asabhāgās te teṣā sabhāgānāṃ jātisāmānyena sabhāgatvāt tatsabhāgāḥ | 
等分(7)者有何義。  根塵及識。更互相應。  又共作一切(8)能。又同以一觸爲事故。  非等分者。是等分同(9)類。雖似彼非彼。故名非等分。 
云何同分彼同分義。  根境識三更相交(10)渉故名爲分。或復分者  是己作用。或復分者(11)是所生觸。  同有此分故名同分。與此相違(12)名彼同分。由非同分與彼同分種類分同。(13)名彼同分。 
| brten pa daṅ bcas pa źes bya ba’i don (2)ci źe na |  dbaṅ po daṅ yul daṅ rnam par śes pa rnams phan tshun brten pa ’am | byed pa la brten pa ni brten pa’o |  | de ’di dag la yod pas brten pa daṅ bcas pa rnams sam | ’bras bu reg pa ’dra ba’i phyir brten pa mtshuṅs pa’o |  | gaṅ dag brten pa daṅ bcas pa ma yin pa de dag ni brten pa daṅ (3)bcas pa de dag daṅ rigs ’dra ba’i phyir de dag daṅ mtshuṅs pa dag go | 
       
 
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