Since, as the square on BA is to the square on AF, so is DC to CE,
therefore the square on BA has to the square on AF the ratio which the number DC has to the number CE;
therefore the square on BA is commensurable with the square on AF. [X. 6]
But the square on AB is rational; [X. Def. 4]
therefore the square on AF is also rational; [id.]
therefore AF is also rational.
And, since DC has not to CE the ratio which a square number has to a square number,
neither has the square on BA to the square on AF the ratio which a square number has to a square number;
therefore AB is incommensurable in length with AF. [X. 9]
Therefore BA, AF are rational straight lines commensurable in square only.
And since, as DC is to CE, so is the square on BA to the square on AF, therefore, convertendo, as CD is to DE, so is the square on AB to the square on BF. [V. 19, Por., III. 31, I. 47]
But CD has to DE the ratio which a square number has to a square number:
therefore also the square on AB has to the square on BF the ratio which a square number has to a square number;
therefore AB is commensurable in length with BF. [X. 9]
And the square on AB is equal to the squares on AF, FB;
therefore the square on AB is greater than the square on AF by the square on BF commensurable with AB.
Complete text
Book I