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ā ī ū ṛ ṝ ḷ
ḹ ’ ṃ ḥ ṅ ñ
ṭ ḍ ṇ ṣ ś ź
š č ǰ γ    
Note on the transliteration:
The transliteration system of the BP/TLB is based on the Unicode/UTF-8 system. However, there may be difficulties with some of the letters – particularly on PC/Windows-based systems, but not so much on the Mac. We have chosen the most accepted older and traditional systems of transliteration against, e.g, Wylie for Tibetan, since with Unicode it is possible, in Sanskrit and Tibetan, etc., to represent one sound with one letter in almost all the cases (excepting Sanskrit and Tibetan aspirated letters, and Tibetan tsa, tsha, dza). We thus do not use the Wylie system which widely employs two letters for one sound (ng, ny, sh, zh etc.).
 
Important:
We ask you in particular to note the use of the ’ apostrophe and not the ' representing the avagrāha in Sanskrit, and most important the ’a-chuṅ in Tibetan. On the Mac the ’ is Alt-M.
 
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Aśvaghoṣa: Buddhacarita
    Click to Expand/Collapse Option Complete text
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionTitle
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPreface
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 1: Bhagavatprasūti
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 2: Antaḥpuravihāra
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 3: Saṃvegotpatti
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 4: Strīvighātana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 5: Abhiniṣkramaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 6: Chandakanivartana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 7: Tapovanapraveśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 8: Antaḥpuravilāpa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 9: Kumārānveṣaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 10: Śreṇyābhigamana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 11: Kāmavigarhaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 12: Arāḍadarśana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 13: Māravijaya
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 14: Englightenment
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 15: Turning the Wheel of the Law
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 16: Many Conversions
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 17: Conversion (pravrajyā) of the Great Disciples
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 18: The Instruction of Anāthapiṇḍada
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 19: The Meeting of Father and Son
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 20: Acceptance of Jetavana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 21: Progress (srotas) of the Mission
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 22: The Visit to Amrapāli's Grove
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 23: Fixing the Factors of Bodily Life
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 24: Compassion for the Licchavis
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 25: The Journey to Nirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 26: The Mahāparinirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 27: Eulogy of Nirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 28: The Division of the Relics
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionColophon
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tatas tasmāt purodyānāt kautūhalacalekṣaṇāḥ |
pratyujjagmur nṛpasutaṃ prāptaṃ varam iva striyaḥ || 4.1 || 
(24)太子入園林 衆女來奉迎
(25)並生希遇想 競媚進幽誠 
de nas skyed mos tshal de nas | | ya mtshan gyis ni mig g-yos rnams | | bud med rnams ni khyo thob bźin | | mi skyoṅ (3)sras la mdun du ’oṅs | | 
254. The prince on entering the garden, the women came around to pay him court; and to arouse in him thoughts frivolous; with ogling ways and deep design, 
1. Then from that city-garden, with their eyes restless in excitement, the women went out to meet the prince as a newly-arrived bridegroom; 
abhigamya ca tās tasmai vismayotphullalocanāḥ |
cakrire samudācāraṃ padmakośanibhaiḥ karaiḥ || 4.2 || 
(26)各盡1 伎姿態 供侍隨所宜
(27)或有執手足 或遍摩其身 
’oṅs nas de la de rnams kyis | | ya mtshan rab rgyas spyan ma draṅs | |
padma’i mdzod ’dra’i phyag rnams kyis | | phrin las yaṅ dag spyod pa byas | | 
255. Each one setting herself off to best advantage; or joining together in harmonious concert, clapping their hands, or moving their feet in unison, or joining close, body to body, limb to limb; 
2. And when they came up to him, their eyes wide open in wonder, they performed their due homage with hands folded like a lotus-calyx. 
tasthuś ca parivāryainaṃ manmathākṣiptacetasaḥ |
niścalaiḥ pritivikacaiḥ pibantya iva locanaiḥ || 4.3 || 
(28)或復對言笑 或現憂慼容
(29)規以悦太子 令生愛樂心 
g-yo med dga’ ba rnams gsal ba’i | | spyan mig rnams kyis ’thuṅ ba bźin | |
yid dkrugs ’dod (4)pas sems g-yeṅs rnams | | de la yoṅs su bskor nas gnas | | 
256. Or indulging in smart repartees, and mutual smiles; or assuming a thoughtful saddened countenance, and so by sympathy to please the prince, and provoke in him a heart affected by love. 
3. Then they stood surrounding him, their minds overpowered by passion, as if they were drinking him in with their eyes motionless and blossoming wide with love. 
taṃ hi tā menire nāryaḥ kāmo vigrahavān iti |
śobhitaṃ lakṣaṇair dīptaiḥ sahajair bhūṣaṇair iva || 4.4 || 
(7a1)衆女見太子 光顏状天身
(2)不假諸飾好 素體踰莊嚴 
lhan skyes rgyan rnams kyis bźin du | | mtshan ni mdzes rnams kyis brgyan pa | |
’dod lha lus daṅ ldan no źes | | de la mi mo de rnams sñam | | 
251. But all the women beheld the prince, clouded in brow, and his godlike body not exhibiting its wonted signs of beauty; fair in bodily appearance, surpassingly lovely, 
4. Some of the women verily thought that he was Kâma incarnate,--decorated as he was with his brilliant signs as with connate ornaments. 
saumyatvāc caiva dhairyāc ca kāścid enaṃ prajajñire |
avatīrṇo mahīṃ sākṣād gūḍhāṃśuś1 candramā iti2 || 4.5 || 
(3)一切皆瞻仰 謂月天子來
(4)種種設方便 不動菩薩心 
źi ba ñid phyir brtan ñid phyir | | gsaṅ ba’i ’od zer zla ba ñi | |
sa la (5)dṅos su babs pa bźin | | de la kha cig rnams kyis śes | | 
258. All looked upwards as they gazed, as when we call upon the moon Deva to come; but all their subtle devices were ineffectual to move Bodhisattva’s heart. 
5. Others thought from his gentleness and majesty that it was the moon with its ambrosial beams as it were visibly come down to the earth. 
tasya tā vapuṣākṣiptā nigṛhītaṃ3 jajṛmbhire |
anyo’nyaṃ dṛṣṭibhir hatvā4 śanaiś ca viniśaśvasuḥ || 4.6 || 
(5)更互相顧視 抱愧寂無言」
(6)有婆羅門子 名曰2 優陀夷 
de yi lus kyis g-yeṅs de rnams | | ṅes bzuṅ lus ni rnam ’gyur źiṅ | |
phan tshun mig rnams kyis bsnun nas | | dal bus dbugs ni rnam par brgyus | | 
 
6. Others, smitten by his beauty, yawned as if to swallow him, and fixing their eyes on each other, softly sighed. 
evaṃ tā dṛṣṭimātreṇa nāryo dadṛśur eva tam |
na vyājahrur na jahasuḥ prabhāveṇāsya yantritāḥ || 4.7 || 
 
de ltar mi mo de rnams kyis | | de ni mig tsam gyis mthoṅ ñid | |
(6)smrab med ciṅ dga’ med par | | ’di yi mthu yis non par gyur | | 
259. At last commingling together they join and look astonished and in fear, silent without a word.
Then there was a Brahmaputra, whose name was called Udâyi (Yau-to-i). 
7. Thus the women only looked upon him, simply gazing with their eyes,--they spoke not, nor did they smile, controlled by his power. 
tās tathā tu nirārambhā dṛṣṭvā praṇayaviklavāḥ |
purohitasuto dhīmān udāyī vākyam abravīt || 4.8 || 
(7)謂諸婇女言 汝等悉端正
(8)聰明多3 技術 色力亦不常 
de ltar de rnams rtsom bral źiṅ | | sñiṅ rjes rnam par ’khrugs mthoṅ nas | |
bram ze mdun na ’don gyi sras | | blo ldan ’char kas tshig smras so | | 
260. (He) addressing the women, said, ’Now all of you, so graceful and fair,
(see if you cannot) by your combined power hit on some device; for beauty’s power is not for ever. 
8. But having seen them thus listless, bewildered in their love, the wise son of the family priest, Udâyin, thus addressed them: 
sarvāḥ sarvakalājñāḥ stha bhāvagrahaṇapaṇḍitāḥ |
rūpacāturyasaṃpannāḥ svaguṇair mukhyatāṃ gatāḥ || 4.9 || 
(9)兼解諸世間 隱4 祕隨欲方
(10)容色世希有 状如5 王女形 
kun gyi sgyu rtsal kun śes śiṅ | | dgoṅs pa len la mkhas ma (7)rnams | |
gzugs daṅ mdzaṅs daṅ ldan pa ste | | raṅ gi yon tan gtsor phyin no | | 
261. ’Still it holds the world in bondage, by secret ways and lustful arts;
but no such loveliness in all the world (as yours), equal to that of heavenly nymphs; 
9. ‘Ye are all skilled in all the graceful arts, proficients in understanding the language of amorous sentiments, possessed of beauty and gracefulness, thorough masters in your own styles. 
śobhayeta5 guṇair ebhir api tān uttarān kurūn |
kuberasyāpi cākrīḍaṃ6 prāg eva vasudhām imām || 4.10 || 
(11)天見捨妃后 神仙爲之傾
(12)如何人王子 不能感其情 
lus ṅan gyi yaṅ skyed tshal daṅ | | byaṅ gi sgra mi sñan na yaṅ | |
yon tan ’di rnams kyis mdzes te | | nor ’dzin ’di na sṅon ñid do | | 
 
10. ‘With these graces of yours ye may embellish even the Northern Kurus, yea, even the dances of Kuvera, much more this little earth. 
śaktāś cālayituṃ yūyaṃ vītarāgān ṛṣīn api |
apsarobhiś ca kalitān grahītuṃ vibudhān api || 4.11 || 
 
chags bral rnams daṅ draṅ sroṅ yaṅ | | khyed cag rnams kyis g-yo (14a1)nus śiṅ | |
lha mo rnams kyis śes pa yis | | lha rnams la yaṅ len par ro | | 
262. ’The gods beholding it would leave their queens, spirits and Rishis would be misled by it; why not then the prince, the son of an earthly king? why should not his feelings be aroused? 
11. ‘Ye are able to move even sages who have lost all their desires, and to ensnare even the gods who are charmed by heavenly nymphs. 
bhāvajñānena hāvena rūpacāturya7 saṃpadā |
strīṇām eva ca śaktāḥ stha saṃrāge kiṃ punar nṛṇām || 4.12 || 
(13)今此王太子 持心雖堅固
(14)清淨徳純備 不勝女人力 
dgoṅs pa śes daṅ rtsed ’jo daṅ | | mdzaṅs daṅ gzugs ni phun tshogs pas | |
bud med rnams kyis chags nus na | | skyes pa rnams kyis smos ci dgos | | 
263. ’This prince indeed, though he restrains his heart and holds it fixed, pure-minded, with virtue uncontaminated, not to be overcome by power of women; 
12. ‘By your skill in expressing the heart’s feelings, by your coquetry, your grace, and your perfect beauty, ye are able to enrapture even women, how much more easily men. 
tāsām evaṃvidhānāṃ vo viyuktānāṃ8 svagocare |
iyam evaṃvidhā ceṣṭā na tuṣṭo ’smy ārjavena vaḥ || 4.13 || 
 
rnam pa de ltar rab sbyar ba | | de yi raṅ gi spyod yul las | |
rnam pa de (2)ltar spyod pa ’di | | khyod kyi draṅ po’i tshig ma gyur | | 
 
13. ‘You thus skilled as ye are, each set in her own proper sphere,--such as this is your power, I am not satisfied with your simplicity [when you profess to find him beyond your reach]. 
idaṃ navavadhūnāṃ vo hrīnikuñcitacakṣuṣām |
sadṛśaṃ ceṣṭitaṃ hi syād api vā gopayoṣitām || 4.14 || 
 
khyod kyi ’di ni ṅo tsha bas | | mig ’khums bag ma gsar pa yi | |
spyod pa daṅ mtshuṅs yaṅ na ni | | ba glaṅ skyoṅ gi chuṅ ma’i ’os | | 
 
14. ‘This timid action of yours would be fit for new brides, their eyes closed through shame,--or it might be a blandishment worthy even of the wives of the cowherds. 
yad9 api syād ayaṃ dhīraḥ10 śrīprabhāvān mahān iti |
strīṇām api mahat teja itaḥ kāryo ’tra niścayaḥ || 4.15 || 
 
gaṅ yaṅ ’di ni dpa’ ba ste | | dpal gyi mthu las chen po yin | |
bud med kyi yaṅ gzi che ste | | de phyir (3)’di yaṅ ṅes par bya | | 
 
15. ‘What though this hero be great by his exalted glory, yet "great is the might of women," let this be your firm resolve. 
purā hi kāśisundaryā veśavadhvā mahān ṛṣiḥ |
tāḍito ’bhūt padā vyāso11 durdharṣo devatair12 api || 4.16 || 
(15)古昔6 孫陀利 能壞大仙人
(16)令習於愛欲 以足蹈其頂
(17)長苦行7 瞿曇 亦爲天后壞 
sṅon yaṅ ka śi’i mdzes ma ni | | smad ’tshoṅ ma yi draṅ sroṅ che | |
lha yis thub par dka’ byaṅ | | draṅ sroṅ rgyas pas rkaṅ pas brduṅs | | 
264. ’(Yet) of old there was Sundarî (Su-to-li) able to destroy the great Rishi, and to lead him to indulge in love, and so degrade his boasted eminence;
265. ’Undergoing long penance, Gautama fell likewise (by the arts of) a heavenly queen; 
16. ‘In olden time a great seer, hard to be conquered even by the gods, was spurned by a harlot, the beauty of Kâsi, planting her feet upon him. 
manthālagautamo bhikṣur jaṅghayā vāra13 mukhyayā |
piprīṣuś ca tadarthārthaṃ vyasūn niraharat purā || 4.17 || 
 
m’a na thal goo tam dge sloṅ ni | | smad ’tshoṅ gtso mo byin ma yin | |
dga’ ’dod de yi don ched du | | sṅon gyi tshe na ro rnams (4)bton | | 
 
17. ‘The Bhikshu Manthâlagautama was also formerly spurned by Bâlamukhyâ with her leg, and wishing to please her he carried out dead bodies for her sake to be buried. 
gautamaṃ dīrghatapasaṃ maharṣiṃ dīrghajīvinam |
yoṣit saṃtoṣayām āsa varṇasthānāvarā satī || 4.18 || 
 
goo ta ma mun riṅs miṅ | | draṅ sroṅ chen po tshe riṅs po | |
kha dog dbyibs mchog ma yin pa’i | | bud med kyis ni tshim par byas | | 
 
18. ‘And a woman low in standing and caste fascinated the great seer Gautama, though a master of long penances and old in years. 
ṛṣyaśṛṅgaṃ munisutaṃ tathaiva strīṣv apaṇḍitam |
upāyair vividhaiḥ śāntā jagrāha ca jahāra ca || 4.19 || 
(18)8 勝渠仙人子 習欲隨沿流
(19)9 毘尸婆梵仙 修道十千歳
(20)深著於天后 一日頓破壞 
draṅ sroṅ rwa skyes thub ba mchog | | bud med yul la mi mkhas pa | |
rnam pa sna tshogs thabs rnams kyis | | źi mas de ltar blaṅs śiṅ pham | | 
Shing-kü, a Rishi putra, practising lustful indulgences according to fancy, (was lost).
266. ’The Brahman Rishi Visvâmitra (Pi-she-po), living religiously for ten thousand years, deeply ensnared by a heavenly queen, in one day was completely shipwreck’d in faith; 
19. ‘So Sântâ by her various wiles captivated and subdued the sage’s son ṛshyasriṅga, unskilled in women’s ways. 
viśvāmitro maharṣiś ca vigāḍho ’pi mahat tapaḥ14 |
daśa varṣāṇy ahar mene15 ghṛtācyāpsarasā hṛtaḥ || 4.20 || 
 
(5)sna tshogs bśes gñen draṅ sroṅ che | | brtul źugs chen po brtan pa yaṅ | |
lha mo mar sruṅ mas phrogs te | | lo bcu rnams la ñi mar śes | | 
 
20. ‘And the great seer Visvâmitra, though plunged in a profound penance, was carried captive for ten years in the forests by the nymph Ghritâcî. 
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