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ā ī ū ṛ ṝ ḷ
ḹ ’ ṃ ḥ ṅ ñ
ṭ ḍ ṇ ṣ ś ź
š č ǰ γ    
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Aśvaghoṣa: Buddhacarita
    Click to Expand/Collapse Option Complete text
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionTitle
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPreface
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 1: Bhagavatprasūti
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 2: Antaḥpuravihāra
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 3: Saṃvegotpatti
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 4: Strīvighātana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 5: Abhiniṣkramaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 6: Chandakanivartana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 7: Tapovanapraveśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 8: Antaḥpuravilāpa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 9: Kumārānveṣaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 10: Śreṇyābhigamana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 11: Kāmavigarhaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 12: Arāḍadarśana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 13: Māravijaya
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 14: Englightenment
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 15: Turning the Wheel of the Law
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 16: Many Conversions
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 17: Conversion (pravrajyā) of the Great Disciples
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 18: The Instruction of Anāthapiṇḍada
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 19: The Meeting of Father and Son
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 20: Acceptance of Jetavana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 21: Progress (srotas) of the Mission
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 22: The Visit to Amrapāli's Grove
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 23: Fixing the Factors of Bodily Life
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 24: Compassion for the Licchavis
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 25: The Journey to Nirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 26: The Mahāparinirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 27: Eulogy of Nirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 28: The Division of the Relics
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionColophon
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sānukrośasya satataṃ nityaṃ karuṇavedinaḥ |
snigdhatyāgo na sadṛśo nivartasva prasīda me || 6.41 || 
(12)太子心柔軟 常慈悲一切
(13)深愛而棄捨 此則違宿心
(14)願可思還宮 以慰我愚誠 
rtag tu rjes su brtse bcas daṅ | | rtag par sñiṅ rje śes pa yi | brtse ba spoṅ ba chul min te | | phyir log bdag la bka’ drin mdzod | | 
(for) the prince’s heart is sincere and refined, always actuated with pity and love to men.
461. ’To be deeply affected with love, and yet to forsake (the object of love), this surely is opposed to a constant mind. O then, for pity’s sake! return to your home, and thus appease my foolish longings.’ 
41. ‘Him who is always compassionate and who never fails to feel pity, it ill befits to abandon one who loves,--turn back and have mercy on me.’ 
iti śokābhibhūtasya śrutvā chandasya bhāṣitam |
svasthaḥ paramayā dhṛtyā jagāda vadatāṃ varaḥ || 6.42 || 
(15)太子聞車匿 悲切苦諫言
(16)心安轉堅固 而復告之曰 
de ltar mya ṅan gyis non pa’i | | ’dun pa’i tshig ’di gsan gyur nas | |
raṅ gnas mchog tu brtan pa yis | | smra ba’i mchog gis bka’ (23b1)stsal to | | 
462. The prince having listened to Kandaka, pitying his grief expressed in so many words, with heart resolved and strong in its determination, spoke thus to him once more, and said: 
42. Having heard these words of Chanda overcome with sorrow,--self-possessed with the utmost firmness the best of speakers answered: 
madviyogaṃ prati cchanda saṃtāpas tyajyatām ayam |
nānābhāvo hi niyataṃ pṛthagjātiṣu dehiṣu || 6.43 || 
(17)汝今爲我故 而生別離苦
(18)當捨此悲念 且自慰其心 
’dun pa bdag daṅ bral ba la | | kun nas gduṅ ba ’di thoṅ cig | |
lus can ’gro ba tha dad la | | dgoṅs pa sna tshogs ṅes pa yin | | 
463. ’Why thus on my account do you feel the pain of separation? you should overcome this sorrowful mood, it is for you to comfort yourself; 
43. ‘Abandon this distress, Chanda, regarding thy separation from me,--change is inevitable in corporeal beings who are subject to different births. 
svajanaṃ yady api snehān na tyajeyam ahaṃ svayam1 |
mṛtyur anyo’nyam avaśān asmān saṃtyājayiṣyati || 6.44 || 
(19)衆生各異趣 乖離理自常
(20)縱令我今日 不捨1 諸親族
(21)死至形神乖 當復云何留」 
gaṅ yaṅ brtse las raṅ gi skye | | bdag gis raṅ ni mi ’dor te | |
’chi bas phan tshun dbaṅ med par | | bdag cag rnams ni (2)’dor bar ’gyur | | 
464. ’All creatures, each in its way, foolishly arguing that all things are constant, would influence me to-day not to forsake my kin and relatives;
465. ’But when dead and come to be a ghost, how then, let them say, can I be kept? 
44. ‘Even if I through affection were not to abandon my kindred in my desire for liberation, death would still make us helplessly abandon one another. 
mahatyā tṛṣṇayā duḥkhair garbheṇāsmi yayā dhṛtaḥ |
tasyā niṣphalayatnāyāḥ kvāhaṃ mātuḥ kva sā mama || 6.45 || 
(22)慈母懷妊我 深愛2 常抱苦
(23)生已即命終 竟不蒙子養
(24)存亡各異路 今爲何處求 
sred pa chen po’i sdug bsṅal gyi | | mṅal gaṅ gis ni bdag bzuṅ ste | |
’bras med ’bad pa med de yis | | bdag su bdag gi de su yin | | 
My loving mother when she bore me, with deep affection painfully carried me,
466. ’And then when born she died, not permitted to nourish me. One alive, the other dead, gone by different roads, where now shall she be found? 
45. ‘She, my mother, by whom I was borne in the womb with great thirst and pains,--where am I now with regard to her, all her efforts fruitless, and where is she with regard to me? 
vāsavṛkṣe samāgamya vigacchanti yathāṇḍajāḥ |
niyataṃ viprayogāntas tathā bhūtasamāgamaḥ || 6.46 || 
(25)曠野3 茂高樹 衆鳥群聚4 栖
(26)暮集晨5 必散 世間離亦然 
ji ltar sgoṅ skyes gnas śiṅ la | | yaṅ dag ’dus nas rnam par bral | |
de ltar ’byuṅ po ’dus pa ni | | (3)ṅes par ’bral ba’i mtha’ yin no | | 
467. ’Like as in a wilderness on some high tree all the birds living with their mates assemble in the evening and at dawn disperse, so are the separations of the world; 
46. ‘As birds go to their roosting-tree and then depart, so the meeting of beings inevitably ends in separation. 
sametya ca yathā bhūyo vyapayānti balāhakāḥ2 |
saṃyogo viprayogaś ca tathā me prāṇināṃ mataḥ || 6.47 || 
(27)浮雲6 興高山 四集7 盈虚空
(28)俄8 而復消散 人理亦復然 
ji ltar sprin rnams ’dus nas ni | | slar yaṅ rnam par ’byed pa’o | |
de ltar ’du daṅ ’bral ba ni | | bdag daṅ srog chags rnams kyi lugs | | 
468. ’The floating clouds rise (like) a high mountain, from the four quarters they fill the void, in a moment again they are separated and disappear; so is it with the habitations of men; 
47. ‘As clouds, having come together, depart asunder again, such I consider the meeting and parting of living things. 
yasmād yāti ca loko ’yaṃ vipralabhya paraṃparam |
mamatvaṃ na kṣamaṃ tasmāt svapnabhūte samāgame || 6.48 || 
(29)世間本自乖 暫會恩愛纒
(12a1)如夢中聚散 不應計我親 
gaṅ gi phyir na ’jig rten ’di | | slus nas rnam par ’bral ba de | |
de phyir rmi lam ’dus gyur la | | (4)bdag gi ba ñid bzod ma yin | | 
469. ’People from the beginning have erred thus, binding themselves in society and by the ties of love, and then, as after a dream, all is dispersed; do not then recount the names of my relatives; 
48. ‘And since this world goes away, each one of us deceiving the other,--it is not right to think anything thine own in a time of union which is a dream. 
sahajena viyujyante parṇarāgeṇa pādapāḥ |
anyenānyasya viśleṣaḥ kiṃ punar na bhaviṣyati || 6.49 || 
(2)譬如春生9 樹 漸長柯葉10 茂
(3)秋霜遂零落 同體尚分離
(4)況人暫合會 親戚豈常倶 
śiṅ rnams ’dab ma dmar po daṅ | | lhan cig skyes te rnam par ’bral | |
gźan daṅ gźan gyi ’bral ba ni | | ’gyur ba ma yin smos ci dgos | | 
470. ’For like the wood which is produced in spring, gradually grows and brings forth its leaves, which again fall in the autumn-chilly-dews--if the different parts of the same body are thus divided--
471. ’How much more men who are united in society! and how shall the ties of relationship escape rending? 
49. ‘Since the trees are parted from the innate colour of their leaves, why should there not still more be the parting of two things which are alien to each other? 
tad evaṃ sati saṃtāpaṃ mā kārṣīḥ saumya gamyatām |
lambate yadi tu sneho gatvāpi punar āvraja || 6.50 || 
(5)汝且息憂苦 順我教而歸
(6)歸意猶存我 且歸後更還 
de phyir de ltar gyur na ni | | źi ba gduṅ ba ma byed soṅ | |
gal te yaṅ ni brtse ba ’bebs | | soṅ nas kyaṅ ni (5)slar yaṅ śog | | 
Cease therefore your grief and expostulation, obey my commands and return home;
472. ’The thought of your return alone will save me, and perhaps after your return I also may come back. 
50. ‘Therefore, since it is so, grieve not, my good friend, but go; or if thy love lingers, then go and afterwards return. 
brūyāś cāsmatkṛtāpekṣaṃ3 janaṃ kapilavāstuni4 |
tyajyatāṃ tadgataḥ snehaḥ śrūyatāṃ cāsya niścayaḥ || 6.51 || 
(7)迦毘羅衞人 聞我心決定
(8)顧遺念我者 汝當宣我言 
kho bo cag la ltos byas pa’i | | ser skya’i gźi na skye bo la | |
der soṅ brtse ba thoṅ cig daṅ | | ’di yi ṅes la ñon cig smos | | 
The men of Kapilavastu, hearing that my heart is fixed,
473. ’Will dismiss from their minds all thought of me, but you may make known my words, 
51. ‘Say, without reproaching us, to the people in Kapilavastu, ‘"Let your love for him be given up, and hear his resolve. 
kṣipram eṣyati vā kṛtvā janmamṛtyukṣayaṃ kila |
akṛtārtho nirārambho5 nidhanaṃ yāsyatīti vā || 6.52 || 
(9)11 越度生死海 然後當來還
(10)情願若不12 果 身滅山林間 
rga daṅ ’chi ba zad byas nas | | yaṅ na myur du ’oṅ ba’i gtam | |
rtsom pa ñams śiṅ don ma byas | | yaṅ na ñams par ’gyur ba smros | | 
"when I have escaped from the sad ocean of birth and death, then afterwards I will come back again;
474. ’"But I am resolved, if I obtain not my quest, my body shall perish in the mountain wilds."’ 
52. ‘"Either he will quickly come back, having destroyed old age and death; or else he will himself perish, having failed in his purpose and lost hold of every support."’ 
iti tasya vacaḥ śrutvā kanthakas turagottamaḥ |
jihvayā lilihe pādau bāṣpam6 uṣṇaṃ mumoca ca || 6.53 || 
(11)白馬聞太子 發斯眞實言
(12)屈膝而舐足 長息涙流連
(13)輪掌網鞔13 手 順摩白馬頂 
(6)de ltar ’di yi tshig thos nas | | bsṅags ldan mgyogs ’gro’i mcho ga gis ni | |
lce yis źabs la rab ldags te | | mchi ma dron mo phyuṅ bar gyur | | 
The white horse hearing the prince, as he uttered these true and earnest words,
475. ’Bent his knee and licked his foot, whilst he sighed deeply and wept. Then the prince with his soft and glossy palm, (fondly) stroking the head of the white, horse, 
53. Having heard his words, Kanthaka, the noblest of steeds, licked his feet with his tongue and dropped hot tears. 
jālinā svastikāṅkena cakra7 madhyena pāṇinā |
āmamarśa kumāras taṃ babhāṣe ca vayasyavat || 6.54 || 
 
dra ba daṅ ni bkra śis rtags | | ’khor lo dbus ldan phyag gis ni | |
gźon nus de la reg gyur ciṅ | | na tshod bźin du rnam par smras | | 
 
54. With his hand whose fingers were united with a membrane and which was marked with the auspicious svastika, and with its middle part curved, the prince stroked him and addressed him like a friend: 
muñca kanthaka mā bāṣpaṃ8 darśiteyaṃ sadaśvatā |
mṛṣyatāṃ saphalaḥ śīghraṃ śramas te ’yaṃ bhaviṣyati || 6.55 || 
(14)汝莫生憂悲 我今懺謝汝
(15)良馬之勤勞 其功今已畢
(16)惡道苦長息 妙果現於今 
|(7)bsṅags ldan mchi ma ma ’don ciṅ | | dam pa’i rta ñid ’di bstan to | |
sron mdzod khyod kyi ṅal ba ’dis | | myur du ’bras bu bcas bar ’gyur | | 
476. (Said), ’Do not let sorrow rise (within), I grieve indeed at losing you, my gallant steed--so strong and active, your merit now has gained its end;
477. ’You shall enjoy for long a respite from an evil birth, 
55. ‘Shed not tears, Kanthaka, this thy perfect equine nature has been proved,--bear with it, this thy labour will soon have its fruit.’ 
maṇitsaruṃ chandakahastasaṃsthaṃ tataḥ sa dhīro niśitaṃ gṛhītvā |
kośād asiṃ kāñcanabhakticitraṃ bilād9 ivāśīviṣam udbabarha || 6.56 || 
(17)衆寶莊嚴劍 車匿常執隨
(18)太子拔利劍 如龍曜光明 
de nas ral gri rnon po nor bu’i yu ba can | | gser gyi phra ni sna tshogs daṅ ldan ’dun pa yi | |
lag na yaṅ dag gnas pa brtan pa des bsnams (24a1)nas | | khuṅ bu dag nas sbrul bźin źugs nas rab tu druṅs | | 
but for the present take as your reward these precious jewels and this glittering sword, and with them follow closely after Kandaka.’
478. The prince then drawing forth his sword, glancing in the light as the dragon’s eye, 
56. Then seizing the sharp jewelled sword which was in Chandaka’s hand, he resolutely drew out from the sheath the blade decked with golden ornaments, like a serpent from its hole. 
niṣkāsya taṃ ca d utpalapattranīlaṃ ciccheda citraṃ mukuṭaṃ sakeśam |
vikīryamāṇāṃśukam antarīkṣe cikṣepa cainaṃ sarasīva haṃsam || 6.57 || 
(19)寶冠籠玄髮 合剃置空中
(20)上昇凝虚境 飄若鸞14 鳥翔 
autpa la yi ’dab ma sṅon po de draṅs nas | | sna tshogs dbu rgyan dbu skrar bcas pa rab bcad ciṅ | |
rdziṅ bu dag na ṅaṅ pa bźin du rnam bkram pa | | ’od zer daṅ ldan bar snaṅ dag la de gtor ro | | 
(cut off) the knot of hair with its jewelled stud, and forthwith cast it into space;
479. Ascending upwards to the firmament, it floated there as the wings of the phoenix 
57. Having drawn it forth, dark blue like a blue lotus petal, he cut his decorated tiara and his hair, and he tossed it with its scattered muslin into the air as a grey goose into a lake. 
pūjābhilāṣeṇa ca bāhumānyād divaukasas taṃ jagṛhuḥ praviddham |
yathāvad enaṃ divi devasaṅghā divyair viśeṣair mahayāṃ ca cakruḥ || 6.58 || 
(21)忉利諸天15 下 執髮還天宮
(22)常欲奉事足 況今得頂髮
(23)盡心加供養 至16 於正法盡 
(2)mchod pa mṅon par ’dod phyir rnam maṅ bkur sti’i phyir | | lha ni gnas pas rab tu bkram pa de bzuṅ ste | |
ji lta ba bźin de ni lha ni lha tshogs rnams | | lha yi khyad par ’phags pa rnams kyis mchod pa byas | | 
then all the Devas of the Trayastrimsa heavens seizing the hair, returned with it to their heavenly abodes;
480. Desiring always to adore the feet (offer religious service), how much rather now possessed of the crowning locks, with unfeigned piety do they increase their adoration, and shall do till the true law has died away. 
58. And the heavenly beings, with a longing to worship it, seized it respectfully as it was thrown up; and the divine hosts paid it due adoration in heaven with celestial honours. 
muktvā tv alaṃkārakalatravattāṃ śrīvipravāsaṃ śirasaś ca kṛtvā |
dṛṣṭvāṃśukaṃ kāñcanahaṃsacihnaṃ10 vanyaṃ sa dhīro ’bhicakāṅkṣa vāsaḥ || 6.59 || 
(24)太子時自念 莊嚴具悉除
(25)唯有素繒衣 猶非出家儀 
rgyan ni bud med ldan pa rnam par spaṅs nas kyaṅ | | dbu las dpal ni rnam par rgyaṅ riṅ (3)byas nas ni | |
nags su gser gyi ṅaṅ pa’i mtshan ma gos gzigs nas | | brtan pa des ni gos dag mṅon par ’dod par gyur | | 
481. Then the royal prince thought thus, ’My adornments now are gone for ever, there only now remain these silken garments, which are not in keeping with a hermit’s life.’ 
59. Having thus divorced his ornaments and banished all royal magnificence from his head, and seeing his muslin floating away like a golden goose, the stedfast prince desired a sylvan dress. 
tato mṛgavyādhavapur divaukā bhāvaṃ viditvāsya viśuddhabhāvaḥ |
kāṣāyavastro ’bhiyayau samīpaṃ taṃ śākyarājaprabhavo ’bhyuvāca || 6.60 || 
(26)時淨居天子 知太子心念
(27)化爲獵師像 持弓佩利箭
(28)身被17 袈裟衣 徑至太子前 
de nas lha ni gnas par ri dags sṅon po’i lus | | dgoṅs pa rnam dag ’di yi dgoṅs pa rnams rig nas | |
kha bsgyur dur smrig gos can ñe logs mṅon par (4)’oṅs | | de la ś’akya’i rgyal po skyes kyis mṅon par smras | | 
482. Then the Deva of the Pure abode, knowing the heart-ponderings of the prince, transformed himself into a hunter’s likeness, holding his bow, his arrows in his girdle,
483. His body girded with a Kashâya-colour’d robe, thus he advanced in front of the prince. 
60. Then a celestial being, wearing the form of a hunter, pure in heart, knowing his thoughts, approached near him in dark-red garments; and the son of the Sâkya king thus addressed him: 
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