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Aśvaghoṣa: Buddhacarita

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The transliteration system of the BP/TLB is based on the Unicode/UTF-8 system. However, there may be difficulties with some of the letters – particularly on PC/Windows-based systems, but not so much on the Mac. We have chosen the most accepted older and traditional systems of transliteration against, e.g, Wylie for Tibetan, since with Unicode it is possible, in Sanskrit and Tibetan, etc., to represent one sound with one letter in almost all the cases (excepting Sanskrit and Tibetan aspirated letters, and Tibetan tsa, tsha, dza). We thus do not use the Wylie system which widely employs two letters for one sound (ng, ny, sh, zh etc.).
 
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    Click to Expand/Collapse Option Complete text
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionTitle
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPreface
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 1: Bhagavatprasūti
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 2: Antaḥpuravihāra
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 3: Saṃvegotpatti
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 4: Strīvighātana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 5: Abhiniṣkramaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 6: Chandakanivartana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 7: Tapovanapraveśa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 8: Antaḥpuravilāpa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 9: Kumārānveṣaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 10: Śreṇyābhigamana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 11: Kāmavigarhaṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 12: Arāḍadarśana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 13: Māravijaya
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 14: Englightenment
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 15: Turning the Wheel of the Law
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 16: Many Conversions
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 17: Conversion (pravrajyā) of the Great Disciples
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 18: The Instruction of Anāthapiṇḍada
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 19: The Meeting of Father and Son
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 20: Acceptance of Jetavana
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 21: Progress (srotas) of the Mission
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 22: The Visit to Amrapāli's Grove
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 23: Fixing the Factors of Bodily Life
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 24: Compassion for the Licchavis
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 25: The Journey to Nirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 26: The Mahāparinirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 27: Eulogy of Nirvāṇa
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionChapter 28: The Division of the Relics
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionColophon
tal lokam ārtaṃ1 karuṇāyamāno rogeṣu rāgādiṣu vartamānam |
mahābhiṣaṅ2 nārhati vighnam eṣa jñānauṣadhārthaṃ parikhidyamānaḥ || 13.61 || 
(18)世間無救護 中貪恚癡毒
(19)哀愍衆生故 求智慧良藥
(20)爲世除苦患 汝云何惱亂 
de phyir chags sogs nad rnams dag la gnas pa yi | | ’jig rten ñam thag pa la thugs rje mṅa’ ba ni | |
(50b1)ye śes dman gyi don du yoṅs su ṅal ba po | | sman pa chen po ’di la bgegs ’os ma yin no | | 
The world without instruction, poisoned by lust and hate and ignorance,
1095. ’Because he pitied "flesh," so circumstanced, he sought on their account the joy of wisdom. Why then would you molest and hinder one who seeks to banish sorrow from the world? 
61. ‘Pitying the world lying distressed amidst diseases and passions, he, the great physician, ought not to be hindered, who undergoes all his labours for the sake of the remedy knowledge. 
hṛte ca loke bahubhiḥ kumārgaiḥ sanmārgam anvicchati yaḥ śrameṇa |
sa daiśikaḥ kṣobhayituṃ na yuktaṃ sudeśikaḥ sārtha iva pranaṣṭe || 13.62 || 
(21)世間諸癡惑 1 悉皆著邪徑
(22)菩薩習正路 欲引導衆生
(23)惱亂世2 尊師 是則大不可
(24)如大曠野中 欺誑商人導 
lam ṅan maṅ po rnams kyis ’jig rten stor ba la | | gaṅ źig źi bas dam pa’i lam ni rjes tshol ba | |
chud zos pa la legs par ston byed ded dpon bźin | | ston mdzad de ni bskyod par (2)rigs pa ma yin no | | 
1096. ’The ignorance that everywhere prevails is due to false pernicious books (sûtras), and therefore Bodhisattva, walking uprightly, would lead and draw men after him.
1097. ’To obscure and blind the great world-leader, this undertaking is impossible, for ’tis as though in the Great Desert a man would purposely mislead the merchant-guide; 
62. ‘He who toilsomely pursues the one good path, when all the world is carried away in devious tracks,--he the guide should not be disturbed, like a right informant when the caravan has lost its way. 
sattveṣu naṣṭeṣu mahāndhakāre3 jñānapradīpaḥ kriyamāṇa eṣaḥ |
āryasya nirvāpayituṃ na sādhu prajvālyamānas tamasīva dīpaḥ || 13.63 || 
(25)衆生墮大冥 莫知所至處
(26)爲燃智慧燈 云何欲令滅 
mun pa chen po sems can chud zos rnams la ni | | ye śes sgron ma rab tu gsal bar mdzad pa ’di | |
mun pa la ni rab tu ’bar ba’i sgron ma yin | | ’phags pa’i mya ṅan ’da’ bar byed par ’os ma yin | | 
1098. ’So "all flesh" having fallen into darkness, ignorant of where they are going, for their sakes he would light the lamp of wisdom; say then! why would you extinguish it? 
63. ‘He who is made a lamp of knowledge when all beings are lost in the great darkness,--it is not for a right-minded soul to try to quench him,--like a lamp kindled in the gloom of night. 
dṛṣṭvā ca saṃsāramaye mahaughe magnaṃ jagat pāram avindamānam |
yaś cedam uttārayituṃ pravṛttaḥ kaś cintayet4 tasya tu pāpam āryaḥ || 13.64 || 
(27)衆生悉漂沒 生死之大海
(28)爲脩智慧舟 云何欲令沒 
’khor ba’i rnam ’gyur chu bo chen por ’gro ba ni | | pha rol (3)ma thob par ni byiṅ bar gzigs nas ni | |
gaṅ gis de ni sgrol bar byed la rab źugs te | | de la sdig pa ’phags pa su yis sems par byed | | 
1099. ’All flesh engulphed and overwhelmed in the great sea of birth and death, this one prepares the boat of wisdom; say then! why destroy and sink it? 
64. ‘He who, when he beholds the world drowned in the great flood of existence and unable to reach the further shore, strives to bring them safely across,--would any right-minded soul offer him wrong? 
kṣamāśipho dhairyavigāḍhamūlaś cāritrapuṣpaḥ smṛtibuddhiśākhaḥ |
jñānadrumo dharmaphalapradātā notpāṭanaṃ hy arhati vardhamānaḥ || 13.65 || 
(29)忍辱爲法芽 固志爲法根
(26c1)律儀戒爲3 地 覺4 正爲枝幹
(2)智慧之大樹 無上法爲果
(3)蔭護諸衆生 云何而欲伐 
bzod pa’i chu rgyus bstan pa’i rtsa ba brtan pa ste | | spyod pa’i me tog blo daṅ dran pa’i yal ga can | |
ye śes ljon śiṅ chos kyi ’bras bu ster ba (4)po | | ’phel bźin pa ni zlog par ’os pa ma yin no | | 
1100. ’Patience is the sprouting of religion, firmness its root, good conduct is the flower, the enlightened heart the boughs and branches,
1101. ’Wisdom supreme the entire tree, the "transcendent law" the fruit, its shade protects all living things; say then! why would you cut it down? 
65. ‘The tree of knowledge, whose roots go deep in firmness, and whose fibres are patience,--whose flowers are moral actions and whose branches are memory and thought,--and which gives out the law as its fruit,--surely when it is growing it should not be cut down. 
baddhāṃ dṛḍhaiś cetasi mohapāśair yasya prajāṃ mokṣayituṃ manīṣā |
tasmin jighāṃsā tava nopapannā śrānte jagadbandhanamokṣahetoḥ || 13.66 || 
(4)貪恚癡枷鎖 軛縛於衆生
(5)長劫修苦行 爲解衆生縛
(6)決定成於今 於5 此正基坐 
gaṅ gi sñiṅ la rmoṅs pa’i źags pa sra rnams kyis | | bciṅs pa’i skye dgu rnams kyi grol phyir blo mṅa’ źiṅ | |
’gro ba bciṅs pa thar pa’i ched du ’o brgyal ba | | de la brdegs pa khyod kyis ’thad pa ma yin no | | 
1102. ’Lust, hate, and ignorance, (these are) the rack and bolt, the yoke placed on the shoulder of the world; through ages long he has practised austerities to rescue men from these their fetters,
1103. ’He now shall certainly attain his end, sitting on this right-established throne; 
66. ‘Him whose one desire is to deliver mankind bound in soul by the fast snares of illusion,--thy wish to overthrow him is not worthy, wearied as he is for the sake of unloosing the bonds of the world. 
bodhāya karmāṇi hi yāny anena kṛtāni teṣāṃ niyato ’dya kālaḥ |
sthāne tathāsminn upaviṣṭa eṣa yathaiva pūrve munayas tathaiva || 13.67 || 
 
byaṅ chub ched du (5)las gaṅ dag na mdzad pa rnams | | de rnams kyis ni ṅes par de riṅ dus yin la | |
ji ltar thub pa sṅa ma rnams ni de bźin du | | gnas der de bźin ’di ni ñe bar bźugs pa’o | | 
 
67. ‘To-day is the appointed period of all those actions which have been performed by him for the sake of knowledge,--he is now seated on this seat just as all the previous saints have sat. 
eṣā hi nābhir vasudhātalasya kṛtsnena yuktā parameṇa dhāmnā |
bhūmer ato ’nyo ’sti hi na pradeśo vegaṃ5 samādher viṣaheta yo ’sya6 || 13.68 || 
(7)如過去諸佛 堅竪金剛6
(8)諸方悉7 輕動 惟此地安隱
(9)能堪受妙定 非汝所能壞 
dbyig ’dzin sa gźi yi ni lte ba ’di yin źiṅ | | sñiṅ po dam pa mtha’ dag daṅ ni ldan pa ñid | |
gaṅ źig ’di yis (6)tiṅ ṅe ’dzin gyi śugs bzod pa’i | | sa yi phyogs de ’di las gźan pa yod ma yin | | 
(seated) as all the previous Buddhas, firm and compact like a diamond;
1104. ’Though all the earth were moved and shaken, yet would this place be fixed and stable; him, thus fixed and well assured, think not that you can overturn. 
68. ‘This is the navel of the earth’s surface, endued with all the highest glory; there is no other spot of the earth than this,--the home of contemplation, the realm of well-being. 
tan mā kṛthāḥ śokam upehi śāntiṃ mā bhūn mahimnā tava māra mānaḥ |
viśrambhituṃ na kṣamam adhruvā śrīś cale pade vismayam7 abhyupaiṣi || 13.69 || 
(10)但當8 輕下心 除諸9 憍慢意
(11)應修10 智識想 忍辱而奉事 
de phyir khro bar ma byed źi bar ñer soṅ la | | bdud ni khyod kyi drags pas ṅa rgyal ma gyur cig | |
dpal ni mi brtan blo gtad par ni nus min źiṅ | | go ’phaṅ g-yo la rgyags par mṅon par ñer ’gro (7)źiṅ | | 
1105. ’Bring down and moderate your mind’s desire, banish these high and envious thoughts, prepare yourselves for right reflection, be patient in your services.’ 
69. ‘Give not way, then, to grief but put on calm; let not thy greatness, O Mâra, be mixed with pride; it is not well to be confident,--fortune is unstable,--why dost thou accept a position on a tottering base?’ 
tataḥ sa saṃśrutya ca tasya tad vaco mahāmuneḥ prekṣya ca niṣprakampatām |
jagāma māro vimano8 hatodyamaḥ śarair jagaccetasi yair vihanyate9 || 13.70 || 
(12)魔聞空中聲 見菩薩安靜
(13)慚愧離憍慢 復道還天上 
de nas de yi tshig de yaṅ dag thos nas daṅ | | thub pa chen po’i g-yo ba med pa ñid mthoṅ nas | |
gaṅ gis mda’ yis ’gro ba’i sñiṅ la rdeg byed pa’i | | bdud ni ’bad pa bcom źiṅ yid mi bde bar soṅ | | 
1106. Mâra hearing these sounds in space, and seeing Bodhisattva still unmoved, filled with fear and banishing his high and supercilious thoughts, again took up his way to heaven above; 
70. Having listened to his words, and having seen the unshaken firmness of the great saint, Mâra departed dispirited and broken in purpose with those very arrows by which, O world, thou art smitten in thy heart. 
gatapraharṣā viphalīkṛtaśramā praviddhapāṣāṇakaḍaṅgaradrumā |
diśaḥ pradudrāva tato ’sya sā camūr hatāśrayeva dviṣatā dviṣaccamūḥ || 13.71 || 
(14)魔衆悉憂慼 崩潰失威武
(15)鬥戰諸器仗 縱横棄林野
(16)如人殺怨主 怨黨悉摧碎 
dga’ ba med ciṅ ’bras med ṅal ba byas pa rnams | | pha boṅ rnams ni khyu (51a1)mchog ljon śiṅ rnams gtor te | |
dgrar gyur dgra bo’i dpuṅ ni gtso bo bsad pa ltar | | de nas ’di yi dpuṅ ni phyogs phyogs bros pa’o | | 
1107. Whilst all his host (were scattered), o’erwhelmed with grief and disappointment, fallen from their high estate, ’reft of their warrior pride, their warlike weapons and accoutrements thrown heedlessly and cast away ’mid woods and deserts.
1108. Like as when some cruel chieftain slain, the hateful band is all dispersed and scattered, 
71. With their triumph at an end, their labour all fruitless, and all their stones, straw, and trees thrown away, that host of his fled in all directions, like some hostile army when its camp has been destroyed by the enemy. 
dravati saparipakṣe10 nirjite puṣpaketau jayati jitatamaske nīrajaske maharṣau |
yuvatir iva sahāsā dyauś cakāśe sacandrā surabhi ca jalagarbhaṃ puṣpavarṣaṃ papāta || 13.72 || 
(17)衆魔既退散 菩薩心虚靜
(18)日光倍増明 塵霧悉除滅 
me tog tog can ’khor daṅ bcas pa bros śiṅ ṅes par ’pham pa ni | | draṅ sroṅ chen po mun pa ’pham źiṅ rdul daṅ (2)bral ba rgyal ba na | |
rgod pa daṅ bcas laṅ tshom bźin zla ba daṅ bcas mkha’ gsal źiṅ | | chu yi sñiṅ po can gyi dri źim me tog char pa bab par gyur pa’o | | 
so the host of Mâra disconcerted, fled away. The mind of Bodhisattva (now reposed) peaceful and quiet.
1109. The morning sun-beams brighten with the dawn, the dust-like mist dispersing, disappears; 
72. When the flower-armed god thus fled away vanquished with his hostile forces and the passionless sage remained victorious, having conquered all the power of darkness, the heavens shone out with the moon like a maiden with a smile, and a sweet-smelling shower of flowers fell down wet with dew. 
[tathāpi pāpīyasi nirjite gate diśaḥ praseduḥ prababhau niśākaraḥ |
divo nipetur bhuvi puṣpavṛṣṭayo rarāja yoṣeva vikalmaṣā niśā || 13.73 ||]11  
(19)月明衆星朗 無復諸闇障
(20)空中雨天花 以供養菩薩 
de ltar sdig pa can ni ṅes par pham pa ni | | de tshe phyogs ni rab snaṅ mtshan mor byed pa mdzes | |
mkha’ las me tog char (3)rnams sa la bab pa ste | | laṅ tsho ma bźin ṅal ba med par mtshan mo gsal | | 
the moon and stars pale their faint light, the barriers of the night are all removed,
1110. Whilst from above a fall of heavenly flowers pay their sweet tribute to the Bodhisattva. 
73. When the wicked one thus fled vanquished, the different regions of the sky grew clear, the moon shone forth, showers of flowers fell down from the sky upon the earth, and the night gleamed out like a spotless maiden. 
iti 12 buddhacarite mahākāvye ’śvaghoṣakṛte māravijayo nāma trayodaśaḥ sargaḥ ||13|| 
 
saṅs rgyas kyi spyod pa źes bya ba’i sñan daṅ gas chen po las | bdud las rnam par rgyal ba’i le’u ste bcu gsum pa’o || 
No Chinese 
 
 
(21) 11 佛所行讃阿惟三菩提品第十四 
 
VARGA 14. O-WEI-SAN-POU-TI (ABHISAMBODHI). 
Book XIV [Enlightenment] 
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