Candrakīrti "Prasannapadā" Vaidya 1960tatra ’na svato nāpi parato na dvābhyām’ ity ādi vakṣyamāṇaṃ śāstram | tasya kāni saṃbandhābhidhānaprayojanāni iti praśne, madhyamakāvatāravihitavidhinā advayajñānālaṃkṛtaṃ mahākaruṇopāyapuraḥsaraṃ prathamacittotpādaṃ tathāgatajñānotpattihetum ādiṃ kṛtvā yāvad ācāryanāgārjunasya viditāviparītaprajñāpāramitānīteḥ karuṇayā parāvabodhārthaṃ śāstrapraṇayanam, ity eṣa tāvac chāstrasya saṃbandhaḥ-
yacchāsti vaḥ kleśaripūnaśeṣān saṃtrāyate durgatito bhavāc ca |
tacchāsanāt trāṇaguṇāc ca śāstram etad vayaṃ cānyamateṣu nāsti ||
iti | svayam eva cācāryo vakṣyamāṇasakalaśāstrābhidheyārtha saprayojanam upadarśayan, tadaviparītasaṃprakāśatvena māhātmyam udbhāvya tatsvabhāvāvyatirekavartine paramagurave tathāgatāya śāstrapraṇayananimittakaṃ praṇāmaṃ kartukāma āha-
anirodham anutpādam anucchedam aśāśvatam |
anekārtham anānārtham anāgamam anirgamam ||
yaḥ pratītyasam utpādam
ity ādi | tad atrānirodhādyaṣṭaviśeṣaṇaviśiṣṭaḥ pratītyasam utpādaḥ śāstrābhidheyārthaḥ | sarvaprapañcopaśamaśivalakṣaṇaṃ nirvāṇaṃ śāstrasya prayojanaṃ nirdiṣṭam |
taṃ vande vadatāṃ varam |
ity anena praṇāmaḥ | ity eṣa tāvac chlokadvayasya samudāyārthaḥ ||
avayavārthas tu vibhajyate | tatra niruddhir nirodhaḥ | kṣaṇabhaṅgo nirodha ity ucyate | utpādanam utpādaḥ | ātmabhāvonmajjanam ity arthaḥ | ucchittir ucchedaḥ | prabandhavicchittir ity arthaḥ | śāśvato nityaḥ | sarvakāle sthāṇur ity arthaḥ | ekaś cāsāv arthaś cety ekārtho ‘bhinnārthaḥ | na pṛthag ity arthaḥ | nānārtho bhinnārthaḥ | pṛthag ity arthaḥ | āgatir āgamaḥ, viprakṛṣṭadeśāvasthitānāṃ saṃnikṛṣṭadeśāgamanam | nirgatir nirgamaḥ, saṃnikṛṣṭadeśāvasthitānāṃ viprakṛṣṭadeśagamanam | etir gatyarthaḥ, pratiḥ prāptyarthaḥ | upasargavaśena dhātvarthavipariṇāmāt-
upasargeṇa dhātvartho balād anyatra nīyate |
gaṅgāsalilamādhuryaṃ sāgareṇa yathāmbhasā ||
pratītyaśabdo ’tra lyabantaḥ prāptāvapekṣāyāṃ vartate | samutpūrvaḥ padiḥ prādurbhāvārtha iti sam utpādaśabdaḥ prādurbhāve vartate | tataś ca hetupratyayāpekṣo bhāvānām utpādaḥ pratītyasam utpādārthaḥ ||
apare tu bruvate- itir gamanaṃ vināśaḥ | itau sādhava ityāḥ | pratir vīpsārthaḥ | ity evaṃ taddhitāntam ityaśabdaṃ vyutpādya prati prati ityānāṃ vināśināṃ sam utpāda iti varṇayanti | teṣāṃ "pratītyasam utpādaṃ vo bhikṣavo deśayiṣyāmi", "yaḥ pratītyasam utpādaṃ paśyati sa dharma paśyati" ity evam ādau viṣaye vīpsārthasya saṃbhavāt samāsasadbhāvāc ca syāj jyāyasī vyutpattiḥ | iha tu "cakṣuḥ pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṣurvijñānam" ity evam ādau viṣaye sākṣādaṅgīkṛtārthaviśeṣe cakṣuḥ pratītyeti pratītyaśabda ekacakṣurindriyahetukāyām apy ekavijñānotpattāv abhīṣṭāyāṃ kuto vīpsārthatā? prāptyarthas tv anaṅgīkṛtārthaviśeṣe ’pi pratītyaśabde saṃbhavati- prāpya saṃbhavaḥ, pratītya sam utpāda iti | aṅgīkṛtārthaviśeṣe ’pi saṃbhavati- cakṣuḥ pratītya, cakṣuḥ prāpya, cakṣū rūpaṃ cāpekṣyeti vyākhyānāt | taddhitānte cetyaśabde "cakṣuḥ pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṣurvijñānam" ity atra pratītyaśabdasyāvyayatvābhāvāt samāsāsadbhāvāc ca vibhaktiśrutau satyāṃ cakṣuḥ pratītya vijñānaṃ rūpāṇi ca iti nipātaḥ syāt | na caitad evam | ity avyayasyaiva lyabantasya vyutpattir abhyupeyā |
yas tu- «vīpsārthatvāt pratyupasargasya, eteḥ prāptyarthatvāt, sam utpādaśabdasya ca saṃbhavārthatvāt, tāṃs tān pratyayān pratītya sam utpādaḥ prāpya saṃbhava ity eke | prati prati vināśinām utpādaḥ pratītyasam utpāda ity anye"- iti paravyākhyānam anūdya dūṣaṇam abhidhatte, tasya parapakṣānuvādākauśalatvam eva tāvat saṃbhāvyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? yo hi prāptyarthaṃ pratītyaśabdaṃ vyācaṣṭe, nāsau pratiṃ vīpsārthaṃ vyācaṣṭe, nāpy etiṃ prāptyartham, kiṃ tarhi pratiṃ prāptyartham, samuditaṃ ca pratītyaśabdaṃ prāptāv eva varṇayati ||
tena idānīṃ prāpya saṃbhavaḥ pratītyasam utpāda ity evaṃ vyutpāditena pratītyasam utpādaśabdena yadi niravaśeṣasaṃbhavipadārthaparāmarśo vivakṣitaḥ, tadā tāṃ tāṃ hetupratyayasāmagrīṃ prāpya saṃbhava pratītya sam utpāda iti vīpsāsaṃbandhaḥ kriyate | atha viśeṣaparāmarśaḥ, tadā cakṣuḥ prāpya rūpāṇi ceti na vīpsāyāḥ saṃbandha iti || evaṃ tāvad anuvādākauśalam ācāryasya ||
etad vā ayuktam | kiṃ ca | ayuktam etat "cakṣuḥ pratītya rūpāṇi ca utpadyate cakṣurvijñānam" iti, atrārthadvayāsaṃbhavāt iti yaduktaṃ dūṣaṇam, tad api nopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam? katham anenaiva tatprāpteḥ saṃbhava iti yuktyanupādānena pratijñāmātratvāt | athāyam abhiprāyaḥ syāt arūpitvād vijñānasya cakṣuṣā prāptir nāsti, rūpiṇām eva tatprāptidarśanād iti, etad api na yuktam, ’prāptaphalo ’yaṃ bhikṣuḥ’; ity atrāpi prāptyabhyupagamāt | prāpyaśabdasya ca apekṣyaśabdaparyāyatvāt | prāptyarthasyaiva ācāryāryanāgārjunena pratītyaśabdasya
tattatprāpya yadutpannaṃ notpannaṃ tatsvabhāvataḥ |
ity abhyupagamāt | tato dūṣaṇam api nopapadyate ity apare ||
yac cāpi svamataṃ vyavasthāpitam- "kiṃ tarhi, asmin sati idaṃ bhavati, asyotpādād idam utpadyate, iti idaṃ pratyayatārthaḥ pratītyasam utpādārtha iti", tad api nopapadyate, pratītyasam utpādaśabdayoḥ pratyekam arthaviśeṣānabhidhānāt, tadvyutpādasya ca vivakṣitatvāt ||
athāpi rūḍhiśabdaṃ pratītyasam utpādaśabdam abhyupetya araṇyetilakād iva devam ucyate, tad api nopapannam, avayavārthānugatasyaiva pratītyasam utpādasya ācāryeṇa
tattatprāpya yadutpannaṃ notpannaṃ tatsvabhāvataḥ |
ity abhyupagamāt | atha
asmin satīdaṃ bhavati hrasve dīrghaṃ yathā sati |
iti vyākhyāyamānena nanu tad evābhyupagataṃ bhavati, hrasvaṃ pratītya, hrasvaṃ prāpya, hrasvam apekṣya dīrghaṃ bhavatīti | tataś ca yad eva dūṣyate tad evābhyupagamyate iti na yujyate | ity alaṃ prasaṅgena ||
tad evaṃ hetupratyayāpekṣaṃ bhāvānām utpādaṃ paridīpayatā bhagavatā ahetvekahetuviṣamahetusaṃbhūtatvaṃ svaparobhayakṛtatvaṃ ca bhāvānāṃ niṣiddhaṃ bhavati, tan niṣedhāc ca sāṃvṛtānāṃ padārthānāṃ yathāasthitaṃ sāṃvṛtaṃ svarūpam udbhāvitaṃ bhavati | sa evedānīṃ sāṃvṛtaḥ pratītyasam utpādaḥ svabhāvenānutpannatvād āryajñānāpekṣayā nāsmin nirodho vidyate yāvan nāsmin nirgamo vidyate ity anirodhādibhir aṣṭābhir viśe ṣaṇair viśiṣyate | yathā ca nirodhādayo na santi pratītyasam utpādasya tathā sakalaśāstreṇa pratipādayiṣyati ||
anantaviśeṣaṇasaṃbhave ’pi pratītyasam utpādasya aṣṭānām evopādānam eṣāṃ prādhānyena vivādāṅgabhūtatvāt | yathāvasthitapratītyasam utpādadarśane sati āryāṇām abhidheyādilakṣaṇasya prapañcasya sarvathoparamāt, prapañcānām upaśamo ‘sminn iti sa eva pratītyasam utpādaḥ prapañcopaśama ity ucyate | cittacaittānāṃ ca tasminn apravṛttau jñānajñeyavyavahāranivṛttau jātijarāmaraṇādiniravaśeṣopadravarahitatvāt śivaḥ | yathābhihitaviśeṣaṇasya pratītyasam utpādasya deśanākriyayā īpsitatamatvāt karmaṇā nirdeśaḥ ||
anirodham anutpādam anucchedam aśāśvatam |
anekārtham anānārtham anāgamam anirgamam || 1 ||
yaḥ pratītyasam utpādaṃ prapañcopaśamaṃ śivam |
deśayām āsa saṃbuddhas taṃ vande vadatāṃ varam || 2 ||
yathopavarṇitapratītyasam utpādāvagamāc ca tathāgatasyaivaikasyāviparītārthavāditvaṃ paśyan sarvaparapravādāṃś ca bālapralāpān ivāvetya atīva prasādānugata ācāryo bhūyo bhagavantaṃ viśeṣayati- vadatāṃ varam iti ||
atra ca nirodhasya pūrvaṃ prativedhaḥ utpādanirodhayoḥ paurvāparyāvasthāyāḥ siddhayabhāvaṃ dyotayitum | vakṣyati hi-
pūrvaṃ jātir yadi bhavej jarāmaraṇam uttaram |
nirjarāmaraṇā jātir bhavej jāyeta cāmṛtaḥ ||
iti | tasmān nāyaṃ niyamo yat pūrvam utpādena bhavitavyaṃ paścān nirodheneti ||