Bibliotheca Polyglotta

gzhen (2) yang gang zag ni ma rabs so || gang zag ni ma rabs dge ba ’o | dad pas rjes su ’brang ba’o | chos kyi rjes su ’brang ba’o| gang zag ni brgyad pa’o| rgyun du shugs pa’o | lan cig phyir ’ong ba’o| phyir myi ong ba’o| sgra(sic) bcom ba’o | rang sangs rgyas so | byang chub sems dpa’o | (3) ’gro ba mang po la phan ba’i phyir bde ba’i phyir | ’jig rten las (sic) brtse ba’i phyir | lha dang myi dang ’gro ba’i ’dus pa chen po la phan ba dang bde ba’i phyir gang zag gcig ’jig rten du skye ’o | de ni de bzhin gshegs pa dgra bcom ba yang dag par rdzogs pa’i sangs rgyas so | (4) gang zag gi sgra de thams cad ni de bzhin gshegs pas kun rdzob gyi rims kyis sems can gzung ba’i don du bshad pa’o || de la mngon bar chags pa de ni so sor myi ’brang ba zhes bya’o || so sor rton pa de dag la gzhag pa’i phyir bcom ldan ’das kyis gsungs pa| chos (5) nyid so sor rton par bya’i gang zag la ma yin no || de la chos nyid gang zhe na | de ni ’gyur ba myed pa bskyed pa dang| rnam par myi bya ba dang | myi gnas pa dang | so sor myi gnas pa’i rtsa ba ’o || thams cad du mnyam ba dang | myi mnyam ba dang mnyam ba | rnams par rtogs myed (6) pa | rtsom ba myed pa | myi ’gyur ba thob pa | chos thams cad shin du ngo bo nyid myed pa’i mtshan ste | de ni chos nyid ces bya’o || gang chos de la so sor rton pa ni chos gang gi phyir yang myi byung ngo || de bas na de'i chos kyi sgor 'jug pas chos thams cad la rton pa nas bzung (7) ste | chos thams ¹ cad de lta bu'i ngo bo nyid yin no || zhes gsungs so | :: | byang chub sems dpa’i tshogs ni rnam pa gnyis te | de ni bsod nams dang | ye shes kyi tshogs so || de la bsod nam gï tshogs (ga b1) gang zhe na | sbyin ba las bsod nams bya’i dngos po dang | de bzhin du tshul khrims dang | bsgom ba las bsod nams bya ba’i dngos po dang | byams pa’i sems snyoms bar sgrubs pa | snying rje’i sbyor ba dang dge ba’ thams cad kyi rtsa ba rtsom ba | bdag dang (2) pha rol gi sdig ’chags pa | dus gsum gyis bsdus pa | sems can thams cad dang bslob pa dang myi slob pa thams cad dang | rang sangs rgyas thams cad dang thog ma sems bskyed pa rnams dang | spyod pa rdzogs pa rnams dang | phyir myi ldog pa rnams dang | (3) skye ba gcig gis thogs pa’i byang chub sems dpa’ rnams kyi sems bskyed pa’i rjes su yi rang ngo || ’das pa dang | ma ’ongs pa dang| da ltar gyi sangs rgyas bcom ldan ’das rnams kyi dge ba thams cad kyi rjes su yi rang ba dang| lhan gcig song ba’i bsod (4) nams bya’i dngos po’o || sangs rgyas thams cad dang| ’phags pa’ thams cad la chos gsol ba dang lhan gcig song pa’i bsod nams bya’i dngos po’o || dge ba thams cad byang chub du brjod pa dang lhan cig song ba’i bsod nams bya ba’i dngos po’o| (5) byang chub du sems bskyed pa rnams byang chub sems dpa’ rnams kyis sems bskyed pa’o || byang chub du sems bskyed pa’i (sic) rnams la pha rol du phyin pa’i lam ston pa’o || dbul po rnams longs spyod kyis bsus pa’o ||@ na ba rnams la sman rab du byin (6) te rim ’gro dang bkur sti byed pa’i || mthu chung ba rnams la bzod ching zhi ba’o || lnyung ba so sor g.yogs pa’o || sdïg bshegs pa’o| sangs rgyas bcom ldun ’das bzhugs pa dang| myi ngan las ’das pa thams cad la rï mo bkur sti byed pa’o || slob dpon dang (7) mkhan po la ston par ri mo byed pa’o| chos la rin thang myed pa’i rin po che tshol ba’i brtson ’grus so| chos ’chad pa la dga’ ste dpag tshad b.rgyar kyang mnyan pas myi ngoms pa | ma ’rres pa’i chos ’chad pa| pha ma la rim ’gro byed pa| byas pa shes pa | (kha a1) byas pa dran ba | byas pa tshor ba | ’byod pa myed pa | bsod mmas ba stags pas myi ngoss pa | lus ba sdams pas sgryu myed pa | ngag bsdams pas ngag la sgryu myed pa | yid bsdams pas yid la sgryu myed pa | de bzhin gshegs pa’i mchod rten so sor gzhag pa’i phyir tshangs (2) pa’ï bsod nams yongs | mtshan yongs su rjogs pa |phangs pa myed pas sdud pa bskyed pa | dpe byad bzang po yongs su rdzogs pa | rnam par bkra ba’i dge ba’i tsa ï tshogs ba stags pas sprul pas lus brgyan pa | ngag gyi nyes pa thams cad rnam par spangs pas (3) ngag brgyan pa | thogs pa myed pa’i blos sems brgyan pa | mngon bar shes pas rnam par sprul pa’i phyir sangs rgyas kyi zhing brgyan pa | ye shes yongs su dag pas chos kyi mtshan brgyan pa |_____| phra ma dang klang zhing dbye ba’i tshig yongs su spangs pas ’khor gi lus (4) brgyan pa | chos ’dzin pas ’dod chags myed chos kyis rab du brgyan to || rab du dge ba dge bar byin nas chos kyi gtam myi ’jigs pa | sgrib pa dang bsgribs pa rnam par spangs pa’i phyir bkur sti byas te | chos nyen pas ’bras bu yod pa’i chos ’chad pa’o || (5) sangs rgyas rnam la dka’ thub kyi nags tshal phul bas byang chub kyi shing gis brgyan to || dge ba thams cad thog par ’gro bas byang chub gyî sems myi gtong ba’i phyir byang chub gyi snying po brgyan to || las dang nyon mongs par myi dmyigs pas tshe dang shi ’phos yongs (6) su dag pa’o || rin po che bzang po’i dngos po thams cad yongs su btang bas rin po che’i lag pa’o | myi zad pa’i smon lam thob pa’i phyir longs spyod myi zad pa’o || bzhin ’dzum zhing gsong sor smra ste khro gnyer myed pa’i phyir mthong ma thag du sems can rnams dad (7) pa’o || sems can thams cad la ’od snyoms pa’i phyir snyoms pa nyid so por thob pa’o || ma lobs pa la pyis brstan bas ’odkyis rgyan gtong ba’o || tshul khrims kyi bsod nams bstags pas skye ba yongs su dag pa’o || lung bstan pa’i phyir mang’ yongs su dag pa’o

1. added below

gzhan yang gang zag ni so so skye bo’i gang zag dang || so so’i skye po dge ba’i gang zag dang | dad pas rjes su ’brang ba’i (4) gang zag dang | chos kyi rjes su ’brang ba’i gang zag dang | brgyad pa’i gang zag dang | rgyun tu zhugs pa’i gang zag dang || lan cig phyir ’og ba’i gang zag dang | phyir mi ’og ba’i gang zag dang | dgra bcom pa’i gang zag dang | rang sangs rgyas kyi gang zag dang || byang chub sems (5) dpa’i gang zag dang | skye bo mang po la phan pa dang || skye bo mang po la bde ba dang | ’jig rten la thugs brtse ba dang | lha dang | mi’i skye bo phal po che’i don dang | phan pa dang bde ba’i phyir gang zag gcig ’jig rten du skye bar ’byung bar ’gyur ba ’di lta ste || de bzhin gshegs pa dgra bcom (6) pa yang dag par rdzogs pa’i sangs rgyas te || gang zag gi sgra de thams cad de bzhin gshegs pas kun rdzob kyi gnas kyis sems can rnams gzung ba’i phyir bstan pa’o || de la gang mngon par chags ba de dag ni rton pa ma yin pa zhes bya’o || de dag rton pa la ’god pa’i phyir (7) chos nyid la rton par bya’i gang zag la ma yin no || zhes bcom ldan ’das kyis gsungs te || de la chos nyid gang zhe na || ’di lta ste || mi ’gyur ba || sgro ma btags pa || mi byed pa || rnam par mi byed pa || mi gnas pa || gnas med pa || rtsa(D: rtse) ba med pa || thams cad du mnyam pa | (173b1) mnyam pa la mnyam pa || mi mnyam pa la mnyam pa | mnyam pa dang mi mnyam pa la mnyam pa || rnam par mi rtog pa || mi rtsom pa || nges par gyur pa || thob pa || chos thams cad la shin tu ngo bo nyid med pa’i mtshan nyid de ni chos nyid ces bya ste || gang dag chos nyid de la rton par byed ba (2) de dag ni khams gang la yang rton par mi byed de || de bas na chos kyi tshul gyi sgo la ’jug pa ’dis chos thams cad la rton pa’i phyir chos thams cad de lta bu’i chos nyid yin no || de dag ni byang chub sems dpa’ rnams kyi rton pa bzhi zhes bya ste || de ni byang chub sems dpa’i rton pa la mkhas (3) ba’o || de ltar na byang chub sems dpa’ rton pa la mkhas pa shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa la spyod do || de la byang chub sems dpa’i tshogs la mkhas pa gang zhe na || byang chub sems dpa’ rnams kyi tshogs ni ’di gnyis te || gnyis gang zhe na | ’di lta ste || bsod nams kyi tshogs (4) dang || ye shes kyi tshogs so || de la bsod nams kyi tshogs gang zhe na || sbyin pa las byung ba’i bsod nams bya ba’i dngos po dang | tshul khrims las byung ba’i bsod nams bya ba’i dngos po dang || sgom pa las byung ba’i bsod nams bya ba’i dngos po dang || byams ba’i sems la snyoms (5) par ’jug pa dang | snying rje’i sbyor ba dang || dge ba’i rtsa ba thams cad la rtsom pa dang | bdag dang pha rol gyi sdig pa ’chags pa dang | dus gsum du gtogs pa’i sems can thams cad dang | slob pa thams cad dang | mi slob pa thams cad dang | rang sangs rgyas thams cad dang | (6) sems dang po bskyed pa rnams dang | spyod pa la zhugs pa rnams dang || phyir mi ldog pa rnams dang || skye ba gcig gis thogs pa’i byang chub sems dpa’ rnams kyi sems bskyed pa la rje su yi rang ba dang || ’das pa dang || ma byon pa dang || da ltar byung ba’i sangs rgyas bcom ldan(7) ’das rnams kyi dge ba thams cad kyi rjes su yi rang ba dang ldan pa’i bsod nams bya ba’i dngos po dang || sangs rgyas thams cad dang | ’phags pa thams cad la chos gsol ba ’debs pa dang ldan pa’i bsod nams bya ba’i dngos po dang | dge ba thams cad byang chub tu bsngo ba dang ldan pa’i (174a1)bsod nams bya ba’i dngos po dang | sems can byang chub tu sems ma bskyed pa rnams byang chub tu sems bskyed pa dang | byang chub tu sems bskyed pa rnams la pha rol tu phyin pa’i lam ston pa dang || dbul po rnams la longs spyod kyis sdud pa dang || nad ba (2) rnams la sman sbyin pa dang | gus par bsnyen bkur byed pa dang || mthu chung ba rnams la bzod cing dang du len pa dang || ltung ba rnams mi ’chab pa dang || sdig pa ’chags pa dang || sangs rgyas bcom ldan ’das rnams bzhugs pa dang || yongs su mya ngan las ’das pa rnams la (3) bsnyen bkur dang | ri mo thams cad byed pa dang || slob dpon dag mkhan po rnams la ston pa bzhin du ri mo byed pa dang | chos la rin po che rin thang med pa bzhin du yongs su tshol ba’i brtson ’grus dang | chos smra ba la dga’ zhing dpag tshad brgyar yang song ste || chos nyan pas chog mi (4) shes pa dang | zang zing med pa chos ’chad pa dang | pa dang ma la rim gro byed pa dang | byas pa gzo ba dang | byas pa shes pa dang || ’gyod pa med pa dang | bsod nams bsags pas cho ga mi shes pa dang || lus bsdams shing tshul ’chos ba med pa dang | ngag bsdams pa’i (5) ngag la tshul ’chos pa med pa dang || yid bsdams pa’i yid la tshul ’chos pa med pa dang | de bzhin gshegs pa’i mchod rten btsugs pa’i phyir tshangs ba’i bsod nams yongs su ’dzin pa dang || mchod sbyin gtan pa med pa bsags pas mtshan yongs su rdzogs pa dang | (6) dge ba’i rtsa ba’i tshogs sna tshogs bsags pas dpe byad bzang po yongs su rdzogs pa dang || nga rgyal med pas lus brgyan pa dang || ngag gi nyes pa thams cad spangs pas bag brgyan pa dang || blo thogs pa med pas sems brgyan pa dang | mngon par shes pa sprul bas sangs (7) rgyas kyi zhing gi rgyan dang || ye shes yongs su dag pas chos kyi mtshan nyid kyi rgyan dang | phra ma dang | zhe gcod pa dang | dbye ba’i tshig yongs su spangs pas ’khor mang po’i rgyan dang || chos ’dzin pas ’dod chags med pa’i chos kyi rgyan dang || rab tu dga’ nas legs so || (174b1) zhes bya ba byin nas chos kyi gtam mi ’jigs par byed pa dang || sgrib ba dang || chod pa rnam par spangs shing gus par chos nyan pas ’bras bu yod par chos ’chad pa dang || sangs rgyas rnams la dka’ thub kyi nags tshal phul bas byang chub kyi shing gi rgyan dang | dge ba’i rtsa ba (2) thams cad sngon du ’gro zhing byang chub kyi sems mi gtong bas byang chub kyi snying po’i rgyan dang || las dang nyon mongs pa mi dmigs pas tshe dang shi ’phos yongs su dag pa dang || rin po che phangs pa’i dngos po thams cad yongs su gtong bas lag(D. leg??) na rin po che dang | mi zad pa’i (3) smon lam thob pas longs spyod mi zad pa dang | khro gnyer med pas mthong ma thag tu sems can rnams dang cing bzhin ’dzum pas gsong bor smra ba dang | sems can thams cad la ’od zer snyoms pas mnyam pa nyid kyi rgyan thob pa dang | ma lobs pa la mi brnyas pas(Q: zil gyis mi gnon pas) ’od mang (4) po mthong(Q: gtong) ba dang || tshul khrims kyi sod nams bsags pas skye ba yongs su dag pa dang | ltung ba la mi rtsod pas mngal yongs su dag pa dang | dge ba bcu’i las yongs su dag pas lta dang mi ra skye ba dang | rjes su bstan pa thams cad la rab tu rtog pas gdon mi za bar (5) nod pa dang | chos la slob dpon gyi dpe mkhyud med pas chos kyi dbang phyug dang | lhag pa’i bsam pa yongs su dag pas ’jig rten thams cad la mngon sum pa dang | nyi tshe ba’i spyod pa mi ’dod pas rgya chen po’i chos la dad pa dang | thams da mkhyen pa’i sems mi ’dor (6) bas bsod nams thams cad yongs su ’dzin pa dang || dad pa sngon du ’khor bas nor bdun yongs su rdzogs pa dang | sngon dam bcas ba nyams su lon bar byed pas ’jig rten thams cad mi slu ba dang | dge ba’i chos yongs su rdzogs pas sangs rgyas kyi chos thams cad (7) yongs su rdzogs pa ste || de ni byang chub sems dpa’i bsod nams kyi tshogs la mkhas pa zhes bya’o || de la byang chub sems dpa’i ye shes kyi tshogs la mkhas pa gang zhe na || rgyu gang gis ye shes skye ba ste || de ltar rgyu dang rkyen gang dang gang gis ye shes rtogs pa’o || de la rgyu gang (175a1)rkyen gang zhen || chos tshol ba la rab tu ’dun pa dang | ye shes kyi rjes su song ba’i bshes gnyen brten pa dang | sangs rgyas kyi ye shes la rton gyi nyan thos dang | rang sangs rgyas kyi ye yes la mi rton pa dang || de dag la nga rgyal mi byed pa dang | bla ma la dga’ ba (2) dang ston pa la dga’ ba dang || de’i dge ba’i bshes gnyen de dag gis ’di ni bsam pa dang ldan par shes nas ye shes kyi gtam gang yang mi ston pa med pa dang || snod du shes nas bar chad med par sems rtse gcig tu chos ston dang || des chos de thos nas chos kyi tshogs (3) la brtson par byed de || gang chos kyi tshogs la brtson par byed pa de nyid de’i ye shes kyi tshogs la brtson pa yin no || de la chos kyi tshogs la brtson pa gang zhe na || ’di lta ste don nyung ba dang | bya ba nyung ba dang || sgra nyung ba dang || srod dang tho rangs la mi nyal zhing rnal ’byor la brtson (4) pa dang | ’brel ba’i don la yongs su rtog pa dang | phyir zhing yongs su tshol ba dang | sems la rnyog pa med pa dang | sgrib pa gnon pa dang | ltung ba las ’byung bar shes pa dang || ’gyod pa med pa dang | kun nas ldang ba med pa dang | nan tan snying por byed pa dang | (5) chos la gzhol ba dang | chos la ’bab ba dang || chos la bab pa dang | chos la rtul ba dang | rtag par mgo dang | gos la me ’bar ba lta bu dang | ye shes tshol ba de nyid la gnas pa dang | mi lhod pa dang | brtson ’grus mi gtong ba dang | khyad par du ’gro ba dang | ’du ’dzi las (6) dben pa dang | gcig pur dga’ ba dang || dgon pa bde pa yid la byed pa dang | ’phags pa’i rigs la dga’ ba dang | sbyangs pa las mi ’gyur ba dang | chos kyi kun dga’ la dga’ zhing mos ba dang | ’jig rten rgyang phan pa’i gsang tshig la ri mor mi byed pa dang | ’jig rten las (7) ’das pa’i || chos tshol ba la dran mi nyams pa dang | rtogs pa la don rtogs pa’i rjes su ’gro ba dang | blo gros la lam gyi rjes su ’thun par byed pa dang | mos pa la gdams pa dang | rkyen la ye shes kyi rjes su rig ba dang || khrel yod ba dang | ngo tsha shes ba’i rgyan dang |

“Furthermore, saying, ‘a person, a common person, a common outstanding person, a person who follows his conviction, a person who follows the Dharma, one of the eight kinds of people, a person who is a stream-entrant, a person who is a once-returner, a person who is a non-returner, a person who is an arhat, a person who is a pratyekabuddha, a person who is a bodhisatva, a person who takes birth in the world for the benefit of the many, for the happiness of the many, for the love of the world, for the welfare, benefit, and happiness of a great host of beings, of gods and men, and becomes a tathāgata, an arhat, a fully accomplished buddha’— using the term ‘person’ in all of these ways the tathāgata uses conventional truth in order to engage with sentient beings and to teach them. It is said, though, that those who have any manifest attachment to these concepts have nothing to rely upon. In order to provide them with something to rely upon the Lord said, ‘Rely on the Dharma itself and not on the person.’ “What, then, is the Dharma itself? It is that which is unchanging; that which is not a fabrication; that which is not created; that which is not modified; that which does not remain; that which has no foundation; that which has no root; that which is complete sameness; [D173b]that which is the same as sameness, the same as non-sameness, and the same as both sameness and non-sameness; that which is non-conceptual; that which is free from application; [MS124b]that which is definitive; that which is not attained; that which is the complete absence of anything that could be characterized as an autonomous nature. This is what is known as the Dharma itself. “Those who rely on the Dharma itself in this way, and who do not put their trust in the elements, have entered the door to the path of the Dharma. For them, all phenomena become just like the Dharma itself, and any phenomenon can then be used as a support. This is what is known as the four things bodhisatvas rely on, and the bodhisatva who is skilled in relying on these things practices the perfection of wisdom. “What is the bodhisatva’s skilled approach to accumulation? There are two things bodhisatvas accumulate. What are these two things? They are merit and knowledge. What is the accumulation of merit? It is the item of merit which is created through generosity, the item of merit which is created through morality, and the item of merit which is created through meditative cultivation. It is to remain in a mental state of love, and to get involved out of compassion. It is to apply oneself to all the roots of virtue, and to confession of one’s own evils and those of others. It is the item of merit which is created through rejoicing in all the roots of virtue of all sentient beings throughout the three times, of all those who are learning and who have no more to learn, of all pratyekabuddhas, of those who are newly committed, of those who are engaged in practice, of those whose progress is irreversible, of those who have only one birth remaining, the item of merit which is created through rejoicing in those who have committed themselves, the lords, the buddhas of the past, the future, and the present. It is the item of merit created through requesting the Dharma from all the buddhas and all the noble ones. It is the item of merit created through dedicating all one’s roots of virtue to awakening. It is to inspire the arising of the mind of awakening in all those in whom the mind of awakening has not yet arisen. [D174a]It is to teach the path of the perfections to those in whom the mind of awakening has arisen, and to collect material wealth for the poor. It is to provide medicine for sick, to treat them with respect, and to accept those who are in a wretched state with no hesitation. It is to not conceal one’s failings, and to confess what one has done wrong. It is to serve and revere, in many different ways, the lords, the buddhas of the present who have reached final nirvana. It is to respect the gurus and preceptors as spiritual friends. It is to search vigorously for the priceless, invaluable teachings. It is to show affection for those who preach the Dharma, and to still thirst to listen to the Dharma even after one has travelled for a hundred yojanas. It is to teach the Dharma without any thought of material gain. It is to serve one’s parents. It is to show gratitude. It is to be grateful. It is to have no regrets, and to not be satisfied with the merit one has accrued. It is to guard one’s physical conduct and not act in a hypocritical manner. It is to guard one’s speech, and not speak in a hypocritical manner. It is to guard one’s mind and not think hypocritical thoughts. It is to establish monuments in honor of tathāgatas, which brings one as much merit as is possessed by Brahmā. It is to perform boundless acts of worship which lead one to attain the perfect characteristics, [MS125a]and to gather the accumulations of various roots of virtue which lead one to attain the perfect characteristics. It is to ornament one’s body with the absence of conceit. It is to ornament one’s speech with the relinquishment of all wicked speech. It is to ornament the mind with an unimpeded intellect. It is to ornament the buddha realms with acts of transformation by using one’s superior abilities. It is to ornament the qualities of the Dharma with the purity of knowledge. It is to ornament assemblies with abstention from slander, harsh words, and divisive talk. It is to ornament the Dharma of non-attachment by upholding the Dharma. [D174b]It is to contribute to the presentation of Dharma not being ruined, by offering encouragement which brings delight. It is to provide effective teachings by removing obscurations and hindrances, and by listening to the Dharma respectfully. It is to ornament the tree of awakening by offering groves, and to ornament the seat of awakening by not relinquishing the mind of awakening, the mind which precedes all roots of virtue. It is to purify birth and death by not objectifying actions and the vices. It is to have a hand of wealth by giving away all one’s precious valuable objects, and to make one’s wealth inexhaustible by increasing it through the inexhaustible act of dedicating. “He displays no angry demeanor, and so he enjoys the open hearts, smiling faces, and pleasant conversation of all sentient beings. He radiates the same light on all sentient beings, and so he attains the adornment of sameness. He does not leave those who lack learning in darkness, and emits an array of light. His morality and his merit prosper, and so his births become pure. He does not present arguments to try to excuse his failures, and so the womb is purified. He maintains the purity of the ten wholesome forms of conduct, and so he is reborn as a god or a human being. He observes all the guidelines, and so attains unfaltering determination. He is not a teacher who holds any teachings back, and so he becomes a lord of the Dharma. His motivation is pure and excellent, and so the whole world becomes available to him. He does not settle for limited forms of conduct, but places his confidence in the vastness of the Dharma. By not abandoning the mind of omniscience, he takes up all meritorious kinds of action. Impelled by faith, he perfects the seven kinds of riches. He honors his previous commitments, and so he does not deceive anyone in the world. He perfects the wholesome forms of conduct, and so he perfects all the teachings of the Buddha. This is what is known as the bodhisatva’s skilled approach to accumulation. “What is the bodhisatva’s skilled approach to the accumulation of knowledge? Knowledge comes about on the basis of a particular cause, and there are different causes and conditions through which knowledge is attained. What are these causes? [D175a]What are these conditions? They are: to have a strong desire to search for the Dharma; to follow a friend who has attained knowledge; to rely on the knowledge of buddhas, and not to rely on the knowledge of śrāvakas or pratyekabuddhas; not to entertain any pride with respect to these things; and to have affection for one’s guru, to have affection for one’s teacher.

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