Earliest attestations of ‘strength, firmness; stronghold, castle, tower’ and related values accord. to
DHDA (as of 13Jul2021) (for attestations of other values see “root” entry ↗√ǦDL; for particular sub-values: ‘to twist; rope’ ↗
ǧadala; ‘fighting, quarelling, disputing’ ↗
ǧidāl; ‘rivulet; table, chart’ ↗
ǧadwal):
529 ǧādil (
674 ǧadīl,
791 ǧadl,
ǧadil) ‘hard, strong, firm’
538 ǧaddala (
642 ǧadala) ‘to knock s.o. down’;
600 taǧaddala ‘to fall down’,
600 ǧadīl ‘knocked down, thrown to earth’
539 ǧidāl ‘quarrelsome argument, fight’
544 miǧdal ‘stronghold, fortress’
545 ʔaǧdal ‘a kind of hawk’
616 ǧadal ‘vehemence, violence, in altercation or disputation or litigation, sharpness, acrimony in dispute’