▪ Whole complex (ʕṬRD_1-4) from oPers *
tīra-dāta ‘Mercury’ (Asbaghi1988)? According to Nourai, the first part of this *
tīra-dāta (from which is modPers
tīr ‘pointed thing’, hence ‘sharp; arrow’; but also ‘Mercury’) derives from an oPers/Av
tiǧra ‘sharp, pointed’,
taěža,
taěǧa ‘sharp’.
▪ ʕṬRD_1 ‘Mercury (planet)’: see ↗
ʕuṭārid.
▪ ʕṬRD_2: The word
†ʕuṭrūd that Lane treats as a n. meaning ‘apparatus prepared for the casualties of fortune’, is given by Kazimirski as an adj. meaning ‘tout prêt, preparé’. According to the latter, the corresponding vb.,
†ʕaṭrada, means ‘
1 garder, conserver;
2 préparer, arranger et tenir prêt’, and the expression
ʕaṭrid-hu la-nā signifies ‘tiens-le tout prêt pour nous’
1
.
▪ ʕṬRD_3: Lane does not distinguish this value from that of ʕṬRD_4, both falling together in one
†ʕaṭarrad which, according to Lane’s sources, properly is
†ʕaṭawwad (from √ʕṬD rather than √ʕṬRD). Hava1899 marks
†ʕaṭawwad with a symbol signifying “new Arabic root”, without further explanation.
▪ ʕṬRD_4: According to ClassAr dictionaries, ‘quick (pace, rate of going)’ is only another of the many values attached to
†ʕaṭarrad (which is usually seen as a var. of
†ʕaṭawwad, see ʕṬRD_3 in preceding paragraph). However, the value ‘quick (pace, rate of going)’ does not seem to express the same notion of extension or copiousness that may be seen as the common denominator of ‘high (mountain); tall (man); long (day); generous (man)’. Rather, it could belong to
ʕuṭārid ‘Mercury’ (ʕṬRD_1), given the fact that the planet was characterized, from Antiquity, as the quickly moving one, the mobile or volatile planet.