Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ FḪR_1 ‘to despise, disdain’ ↗faḫira; ‘to be proud, boast, brag (bi‑ of s.th.)’ ↗faḫara
▪ FḪR_2 ‘(fired) clay; earthenware, crockery, pottery ↗faḫḫār

Other values, now obsolete, include (Hava1899):

▪ ^†FḪR_3 ‘aromatic plant; marjoram’: fāḫūr (pl. fayāḫīrᵘ)
▪ ^†FḪR_4 ‘…’: …

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to be proud, be boastful, self-glorify; earthenware’

conc

▪ [v1] : The two values ‘to despise, disdain’ (faḫira) and ‘to be proud, boast, brag of s.th.’ (faḫara) are without doubt related, though it seems difficult to decide which one should be regarded as primary. Fraenkel1886: 257 thinks the basic meaning is ‘to boast, brag’; if this is true, ‘to despise, disdain’ would be secondary. – It is unclear whether the Ar values are, or are not, related to other Sem *PḪR values (Sab ‘to invite, challenge’; Akk Ug Syr ‘to assemble, collect’); see below, section DISC.
▪ [v2] : Ar faḫḫār < Aram paḫḫārā < Akk paḫḫāru ‘potter’ (prob. < Sum báḫar ‘id.’) – cf. already Zimmern1914: 26.
▪ [v3] : seems to be a borrowing (unless related somehow metaphorically to [v1] or [v2], though this is hard to imagine); if borrowed, the source remains unknown so far.
▪ …

hist

▪ [v1] ^†faḫara, ^†faḫḫara, ^†ʔafḫara ‘to judge (DO s.o.) to surpass (ʕalà another) in excellence’ – Hava1899
▪ …

cogn

▪ [v1] : ? Sab fḫr, vb., ‘auffordern, anbieten | to challenge | mettre au défi (DO or bʿbr s.o.)’, Sab fḫr, n., ‘Aufforderung, Angebot’ (SabaWeb, Beeston1982). – ? Akk ²paḫāru ‘to gather’; G ‘to gather, assemble (intr.), (people, city, land; goods, silver) accumulate, (smoke, sweat) ‘collect’; Gtn iter.; D ‘to bring together, assemble’ (trans.) (people, goods, commodities, waters); Dtn iter. of D; > puḫru ‘assembly, gathering’, puḫriš, adv., ‘in assembly, together’; puḫḫuru ‘assembled’; mupaḫḫirum ‘collector’; napḫaru ‘total, sum, entirety’; tapḫarum, tapḫīrum ‘(a temple collection?)’, tapḫūrum ‘assembly (of supplicants)’, tapḫurtu ‘assembly, company’ (Black2000), Ug pḫr /puḫru/ ‘assembly’ (Tropper2008), Syr puḥrā ‘banquet; mess, assembly, company’ (PayneSmith). – The parallels in EthSem are no genuine cognates as they are borrowings from Ar: Gz fakkara ‘to boast’, ʾastafakkəro ‘boasting’, Te fäkkära ‘to boast of s.o.’s exploits’, Tña fäkkärä, Amh fokkärä, Har (tä)fāḫära, Gur fʷäkärä (Leslau2006).
▪ [v2] : Akk ¹paḫāru ‘potter’ (also oAkk as n.prop., family name) < Sum; > BiblAram päḥār ‘potter’, BabylAram paḥḥārā ‘potter’, Syr paḥḥārā ‘potter’, (denom.) paḥḥar ‘to harden (clay in the sun); to crack’, eṯpaḥḥar ‘to be formed (as by a potter); to get broken, cracked’
▪ [v3] : ?

disc

▪ [v1] Fraenkel1886: 257 assumes that in Ar, the value ‘to boast, brag’ is metaphorical use of a more basic *‘to puff o.s. up (to show off)’, insinuating a relation to [v2] ‘potter(y)’, though remaining silent about the details of such an assumed relation (“Im Arabischen ist die Wurzel nur noch in der übertragenen Bedeutung ‘aufgeblasen sein’ erhalten” – ibid.). – HDAL gives “cognates” in many Sem languages but does not specify either in which way they may be related. If we have to connect the complex ‘assembly, gathering (> banquet)’ (Akk, Ug, Syr) and hypothetically identify this as the original Sem value, then Ar ‘to boast, brag’ could be seen as a specialisation, developed from *‘to show off in front of a gathering’. Closest to the Ar usage seems to be Sab fḫr (vb.) ‘auffordern, anbieten | to challenge | mettre au défi’, (n.) ‘Aufforderung, Angebot’ (SabaWeb, Beeston1982); perh. these values overlap with Ar ‘to boast, brag’ in the notion of *‘inviting’ or *‘challenging’ s.o., cf. the historically attested value ^†‘to judge (s.o.) to surpass (ʕalà another) in excellence’. – All highly speculative.
▪ [v2] : Is the Akk Ug Syr value ‘to gather, assemble’ perh. related to ‘potter(y)’, likening the assembling of things or people to the act of forming clay?
▪ …

west

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deriv

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