Bibliotheca Polyglotta

Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣat

Complete text

naiveha kiṃ canāgra āsīt | mṛtyunaivedam āvṛtam āsīd aśanāyayā | aśanāyā hi mṛtyuḥ | tan mano 'kurutātmanvī syām iti | so 'rcann acarat | tasyārcata āpo 'jāyanta | arcate vai me kam abhūd iti | tad evārkyasyārkatvam | kaṃ ha vā asmai bhavati ya evam etad arkyasyārkatvaṃ veda ||

SECOND BRÂHMANA
1. In the beginning there was nothing (to be perceived) here whatsoever. By Death indeed all this was concealed,--by hunger; for death is hunger. Death (the first being) thought, 'Let me have a body.' Then he moved about, worshipping. From him thus worshipping water was produced. And he said: 'Verily, there appeared to me, while I worshipped (arkate), water (ka).' This is why water is called ar-ka. Surely there is water (or pleasure) for him who thus knows the reason why water is called arka.

naiveha kiñcanāgra āsīt | iha saṃsāramaṇḍale kiñcana kiñcidapi nāmarūpapravibhaktaviśeṣaṃ naivāsīd na babhūva agre prāgutpattermanādeḥ | kiṃ śūnyameva syāt"naiveha kiñcana"iti śruteḥ | na kāryaṃ kāraṇaṃ vāsīt | utpatteśca, utpadyate hi ghaṭaḥ, ataḥ prāgutpatterghaṭasya nāstitvam | nanu kāraṇasya na nāstitvaṃ mṛtpiṇḍādidarśanāt | yannopalabhyate tasyaiva nāstitā | astu kāryasya na tu kāraṇasya, upalampamānatvāt | naḥ prāgutpatteḥ sarvānupalambhāt | anupalabdhiścedabhāvahetuḥ sarvasya jagataḥ prāgutpatterna kāraṇaṃ kāryaṃ vopalabhyate | tasmātsarvasyaivābhāvo 'stu | naḥ"mṛtyunaivedamāvṛtamāsīt"iti śruteḥ | yadi hi kiñcidapi nāsīd yenāvriyate yaccāvriyate tadā nāvakṣyat'mṛtyunaivedamāvṛtam'iti | na hi bhavati gaganakusumacchanno vandhyāputra iti | bravīti ca'mṛtyunaivedamāvṛtamāsīt'iti, tasmādyenāvṛtaṃ kāraṇena, yaccāvṛtaṃ kāryaṃ prāgutpattestadubhayamāsīt, śruteḥ prāmāṇyādanumeyatvācca | anumīyate ca prāgutpatteḥ kāryakāraṇayorastitvam;kāryasya hi sato jāyamānasya kāraṇe satyutpattidarśanāt, asati cādarśanāt | jagato 'pi prāgutpatteḥ kāraṇāstitvamanumīyate ghaṭādikāraṇāstitvavat | ghaṭādikāraṇasyāpyasattvameva, anupamṛdya mṛtpiṇḍādikaṃ ghaṭādyanutpatteriti cet? na;mṛdādeḥ kāraṇatvāt | mṛtsuvarṇādi hi tatra kāraṇaṃ ghaṭarucakādeḥ, na piṇḍākāraviśeṣaḥ, tadabhāve bhāvāt | asatyapi piṇḍākāraviśeṣe mṛtsuvarṇādikāraṇadravyamātrādeva ghaṭarucakādikāryotpattirdṛśyate | tasmānna piṇḍākāraviśeṣe ghaṭarucakādikāraṇam | asati tu mṛtsuvarṇādidravye ghaṭarucakādirna jāyata iti mṛtsuvarṇādidravyameva kāraṇam, na tu piṇḍākāraviśeṣaḥ | sarvaṃ hi kāraṇaṃ kāryamutpādayatpūrvotpannasyātmakāryasya tirodhānaṃ kurvatkāryāntaramutpādayati, ekasminkāraṇe yugapadanekakāryavirodhāt | na ca pūrvakāryopamamarde kāraṇasya svātmopamarde bhavati | tasmātpiṇḍādyupamarde kāryotpattidarśanamahetuḥ prāgutpatteḥ kāraṇāsattveḥ | piṇḍādivyatirekeṇa mṛdāderasattvādayuktamiti cet-piṇḍādipūrvakāryopamarde mṛdādikāraṇaṃ nopamṛdyate, ghaṭādikāryāntare 'pyanuvartate ityetadayuktam;piṇḍaghaṭādivyatirekeṇa mṛdādikāraṇasyānupalambhāditi cet? na, mṛdādikāraṇānāṃ ghaṭādyutpattau piṇḍādinivṛttāvanuvṛttidarśanāt | sādṛśyādanvayadarśanaṃ na kāraṇānuvṛtteriti cenna, piṇḍādigatānāṃ mṛdādyavayavānāmeva ghaṭādau pratyakṣatve 'numānābhāsātsādṛśyādikalpanānupapatteḥ | na ca pratyakṣānumānayorviruddhāvyabhicāritā,pratyakṣapūrvakatvādanumānasya sarvatraivānāśvāsaprasaṅgāt | yadi ca kṣaṇikaṃ sarvaṃ tadevedamiti gamyamānaṃ tadbuddherapyanyatadbuddhyapekṣatve tasyā apyanyatadbuddhyapekṣatvamityanavasthāyāṃ tatsadṛśamidamityasyā api buddhermṛpātvātsarvatrānāśvāsataiva | tadidambuddhyorapi kartrabhāve sambandhānupapattiḥ | sādṛśyāttatsambandha iti cenna, tadidambuddhyoritaretaraviṣayatvānupapatteḥ | asati cetaretaraviṣayatve sādṛśyagrahaṇānupapattiḥ | asatyeva sādṛśye tadbuddhiriti cenna, tadidambuddhyorapi sādṛśyabuddhivadasadviṣayatvaprasaṅgāt | asadviṣayatvameva sarvabuddhīnāmastviti cenna, buddhibuddherapyasadviṣayatvaprasaṅgāt | tadapyastviti cenna, sarvabuddhīnāṃ mṛṣātve 'satyabuddhyanupapatteḥ | tasmādasadetatsādṛśyāttadbuddhiriti | ataḥ siddhaḥ prākkāryotpatteḥ kāraṇasadbhāvaḥ | kāryasya cābhivyaktiliṅgatvāt | kāryasya ca sadbhāvaḥ prāgutpatteḥ siddhaḥ | kathamabhivyaktiliṅgatvādabhivyaktiliṅgamasyeti | abhivyaktiḥ sākṣādvijñānālambanatvaprāptiḥ | yadvi loke prāvṛtaṃ tama ādinā ghaṭādivastu tadālokādinā prāvaraṇatiraskāreṇa vijñānaviṣayatvaṃ prāpnuvatprāksadbhāvaṃ na vyabhicarati | tathedamapi jagatprāgutpatterityavagacchāmaḥ | na hyavidyamāno ghaṭa udite 'pyāditye upalabhyate | na te 'vidyamānatvābhāvādupalabhyetaiveti cet | na hi tava ghaṭādikāryaṃ kadācidapyavidyamānamityudite āditye upalabhyetaiva mṛtpiṇḍe 'sannihite tamādyāvaraṇe cāsati vidyamānatvāditi cet? na, dvividhatvādāvaraṇasya | ghaṭādikāryasya dvividhaṃ hyāvaraṇaṃ mṛdādāravibhaktasya tamaḥkuḍyādi prāṅmṛdo 'bhivyaktermṛdādyavayavānāṃ piṇḍādikāryāntararūpeṇa saṃsthānam | tasmātprāgutpattervidyamānasyaiva ghaṭādikāryasya āvṛtatvādanupalabdhiḥ | naṣṭotpannabhāvābhāvaśabdapratyayabhedastu abhivyāktatirobhāvayordvividhatvāpekṣaḥ | piṇḍakapālāderāvaraṇavailakṣaṇyādayuktamiti cet? tamaḥkuḍyādi hi ghaṭādyāvaraṇaṃ ghaṭādibhinnadeśaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ na tathā ghaṭādibhinnadeśe dṛṣṭe piṇḍakapāle | tasmāt piṇḍakapālasaṃsthānayorvidyamānasyaiva ghaṭasyāvṛtatvād anupalabdhirityayuktam āvaraṇadharmavailakṣaṇyāditi cet? na kṣīrodakādeḥ kṣīrādyāvaraṇenaikadeśatvadarśanāt | ghaṭādikārye kapālacūrṇādyavayavānāmantarbhāvādanāvaraṇatvamiti cenna, vibhaktānāṃ kāryāntaratvādāvaraṇatvopapatteḥ | āvaraṇābhāva eva yatnaḥ kartavya iti cet? piṇḍakapālāvasthayorvidyamānameva ghaṭādikāryamāvṛtatvānnobhalabhyata iti ced ghaṭādikāryārthinā tadāvaraṇavināśa eva yatnaḥ kartavyo na ghaṭādyutpattau? na caitadasti, tasmādayuktaṃ vidyamānasyaivāvṛtatvādanupalabdhiriti cet? na aniyamāt | na hi vināśamātraprayatnādeva ghaṭādyabhivyaktirniyatā | tamādyāvṛte ghaṭādau pradīpādyutpattau prayatnadarśanāt | so 'pi tamonāśāyaiveti cet? dīpādyutpattāvapi yaḥ prayatnaḥ so 'pi tamastiraskaraṇāya tasminnaṣṭe ghaṭaḥ svayamevopalabhyate | na hi kiñcidādhīyate iti cet? na, prakāśavato ghaṭasyopalabhyamānatvāt | yathā prakāśaviśiṣṭo ghaṭa upalabhyate na tathā prākpradīpakaraṇāt | tasmānna tamastiraskārāyaiva pradīpakaraṇaṃ kiṃ tarhi? prakāśavattvaya | prakāśavattvenaivopalabhyamānatvāt | kvacidāvaraṇavināśe 'pi yatnaḥ syāt, yathā kuḍyādivināśe | tasmānna niyamo 'styabhivyaktarthināvaraṇavināśa eva yatnaḥ kārya iti | niyamātmarthavattvācca | kāraṇe vartamānaṃ kāryaṃ kāryāntarāṇāmāvaraṇamityavocāma | tatra yadi pūrvābhivyaktasya kāryasyapiṇḍasyavyavahitasya vā kapālasya vināśa eva yatnaḥ kriyeta, tadā vidalacūrṇādyapi kāryaṃ jāyeta | tenāpyāvṛto ghaṭo nopalabhyata iti punaḥ prayatnāntarapekṣaiva | tasmād ghaṭādyabhivyaktyarthino niyata eva kārakavyāpāror'thavān | tasmātprāgutpatterapi tadeva kāryam | atitānāgatapratyayabhedācca | atīto ghaṭo 'nāgato ghaṭa ityetayośca pratyayorvartamānaghaṭapratyayavanna nirviṣayatvaṃ yuktam;anāgatārthipravṛtteśca | na hyasatyarthitayā pravṛttirloke dṛṣṭā | yogināṃ cātītānāgatajñānasya satyatvāt | asaṃścedbhaviṣyadghaṭa aiśvarambhaviṣyadghaṭaviṣayaṃ pratyakṣajñānaṃ mithyā syāt na ca pratyakṣamupacaryate | ghaṭasadbhāvehyanumānamavocāma | vipratiṣedhācca | yadi ghaṭo bhaviṣyatīti kulālādiṣu vyāpriyamāṇeṣu ghaṭārthaṃ pramāṇena niścitaṃ yena ca kālena ghaṭasya sambandho bhaviṣyatītyucyate, tasminneva kāle ghaṭo 'sanniti vipratiṣiddhamabhidhīyate | bhaviṣyanaghaṭo 'sanniti, na bhaviṣyatītyarthaḥ | ayaṃ ghaṭo na vartata iti yadvat | atha prāgutpatterghaṭo 'sannityucyeta, ghaṭārtha pravṛtteṣu kulālādiṣu tatra yathā vyāpārarūpeṇa vartamānāstāvatkulālādayaḥ, tathā ghaṭo na vartata ityasacchabdasyārthaścenna virudhyate | kasmāt? svena hi bhaviṣyadrūpeṇa ghaṭo vartate | na hi piṇḍasya vartamānatā kapālasya vā ghaṭasya bhavati | na ca tayorbhaviṣyattā ghaṭasya | tasmātkulālādivyāpāravartamānatāyāṃ prāgutpatterghaṭo 'sanniti na virudhyate | yadi ghaṭasya yatsvaṃ bhaviṣyattākāryarūpaṃ tatpratipidhyeta, tatpratipedhe virodhaḥ syāt | na tu tadbhavānpratiṣedhati | na ca sarveṣāṃ kriyāvatāṃ kārakāṇāmekaiva vartamānatā bhaviṣyattvaṃ vā | api ca caturvidhānāmabhāvānāṃ ghaṭasyetaretarābhāvo ghaṭādanyo dṛṣṭo yathā ghaṭābhāvaḥ paṭādireva na ghaṭasvarūpameva | na ca ghaṭābhāvaḥ sanpaṭo 'bhāvātmakaḥ, kiṃ tarhi? bhāvarūpa eva | evaṃ ghaṭasya prākpradhvaṃsātyantābhāvanāmapi ghaṭādanyatvaṃ syāt | ghaṭena vyapadiśyamānatvād ghaṭasyetaretarābhāvavat | tathaiva bhāvātmakatābhāvānām | evaṃ ca sati ghaṭasya prāgabhāva iti na ghaṭasvarūpameva prāgutpatternāsti | atha ghaṭasya prāgabhāva iti ghaṭasya yatsvarūpaṃ tadevocyeta ghaṭasyetivyapadeśānupapattiḥ | atha kalpayitvā vyapadiśyeta śilāputrakasya śarīramiti yadvat, tathāpi ghaṭasya prāgabhāva iti kalpitasyaivābhāvasya ghaṭena vyapadeśo na ghaṭasvarūpasyaiva | athārthāntaraṃ ghaṭād ghaṭasyābhāva iti, uktottarametat | kiñcānyatprāgutpatteḥ śaśaviṣāṇavadabhāvabhūtasya ghaṭasya svakāraṇasattāsambandhānupapattiḥ, dviniṣṭhatvātsambandhasya ayutasiddhānāmadoṣa iti cenna, bhāvābhāvayorayutasiddhatvānupapatteḥ | bhāvābhūtayorhi yutasiddhatāyutasiddhatā vā syānna tu bhāvābhāvayorabhāvayorvā | tasmātsadeva kāryaṃ prāgutpatteriti siddham | kiṃllakṣaṇena mṛtyunāvṛtamityata āha-aśanāyayā aśitumicchā aśanāyā saiva? mṛtyorlakṣaṇaṃ tayā lakṣitena mṛtyunāśanāyayā | kathamaśanāyā mṛtyuḥ? ityucyate-- aśanāyā hi mṛtyuḥ | hiśabdena prasiddhaṃ hetumavadyotayati | yo hyaśitumicchati so 'śanāyānantarameva hanti jantūn, tenāsāvaśanāyayā lakṣyate mṛtyurityaśanāyā hītyāha | buddhyātmano 'śanāyā dharma iti sa eṣa buddhyavastho hiraṇyagarbho mṛtyurityucyate | tena mṛtyunedaṃ kāryamāvṛtamāsīt | yathā piṇḍāvasthayā mṛdā ghaṇṭādaya āvṛtāḥ syuriti tadvat | tanmano 'kuruta | taditi manaso nirdeśaḥ | sa prakṛto mṛtyurvakṣyamāṇakāryasisṛkṣayā tatkāryālocanakṣamaṃ manaḥśabdavācyaṃ saṃkalpādilakṣaṇamantaḥkaraṇamakuruta kṛtavān | kenābhiprāyeṇa mano 'karot? ityucyate-ātmanvī ātmavān syāṃ bhaveyam | ahamanenātmanā manasā manasvī syāmityabhiprāyaḥ | sa prajāpatirabhivyaktena manasā samanaskaḥ sannarcannarcayanpūjayan ātmānameva kṛtārtho 'smītyacaraccaraṇamakarot | tasya prajāpaterarcataḥ pūjayata āpo rasātmikāḥ pūjāṅgabhūtā ajāyantotpannāḥ | atrākāśaprabhṛtīnāṃ trayāṇāmutpattyanantaramiti vaktavyam, śrutyantarasāmarthyādvikalpāsambhavācca sṛṣṭikramasya | arcate pūjāṃ kurvate vai me mahyaṃ kamudakamabhūdityevamamanyata yasmānmṛtyuḥ, tadeva tasmādeva hetorarkasya agneraśvamedhakratvaupayogikasyārkatvam arkatve heturityarthaḥ | agnerarkanāmanirvacanametet | arcanātsukhahetupūjākaraṇād apsambandhācca agneretadgauṇaṃ nāmārka iti |
ya evaṃ yathoktamarkasyārkatvaṃ veda jānāti kamudakaṃ sukhaṃ vā nāmasāmānyāt |
ha vā ityavatāraṇārthau |
bhavatyeveti |
asmai evaṃvide evaṃvidarthaṃ bhavati || 1 ||
kaḥ punarasāvarkaḥ? ityucyate-

āpo vā arkaḥ | tad yad apāṃ śara āsīt tat samahanyata | sā pṛthivy abhavat | tasyām aśrāmyat | tasya śrāntasya taptasya tejoraso niravartatāgniḥ ||

2. Verily water is arka. And what was there as the froth of the water, that was hardened, and became the earth. On that earth he (Death) rested, and from him, thus resting and heated, Agni (Virâg) proceeded, full of light.

āpo vai yā arcanāṅgabhūtāstā evārko 'gnerarkasya hetutvāt | apsu cāgniḥ pratiṣiṭhita iti | na punaḥ sākṣādevārkastāḥ, tāsāmaprakaraṇāt, agneśca prakaraṇam | vakṣyati ca'ayamagnirarkaḥ'(bṛha.u.1 | 2 | 7) iti | tattatra yadapāṃ śara iva śaro dadhna iva maṇḍabhūtamāsīttatsamahanyata saṅgātamāpadyata tejasā bāhyāntaḥpacyamānam | liṅgavyatyayena vā yo 'ṣāṃ śaraḥ samahanyateti | sā pṛthivyabhavatsa saṃghāto yeyaṃ pṛthivī sābhavat | tābhyo 'dbhayo aṇḍamabhinirvṛttamityarthaḥ | tasyāṃ pṛthivyāmutpāditāyāṃ sa mṛtyu prajāpatiraśrāmyacchramayukto babhūva | sarvo hi lokaḥ kārya kṛtvā śrāmyati | prajāpataścatanmahatkāryaṃ yatpṛthivīsargaḥ |
kiṃ tasya śrāntasya? ityucyate tasya śrāntasya taptasya khinnasya tejorasasteja eva rasastejoraso rasaḥ sāro niravartata prajāpatiśarīrānniṣkrānta ityarthaḥ |
ko 'sau niṣkrānta? agniḥ |
so 'ṇḍasyāntarvirāṭ prajāpatiḥ prathamajaḥ kāryakaraṇasaṃghātavān jātaḥ |
sa vai śarīri prathamaḥ iti smaraṇāt || 2 ||

sa tredhātmānaṃ vyakurutādityaṃ tṛtīyaṃ vāyuṃ tṛtīyam | sa eṣa prāṇas tredhāvihitaḥ | tasya prācī dik śiro 'sau cāsau cermau | athāsya pratīcī dik puccham asau cāsau ca sakthyau | dakṣiṇā codīcī ca pārśve | dyauḥ pṛṣṭham antarikṣam udaram iyam uraḥ | sa eṣo 'psu pratiṣṭhitaḥ | yatra kva caiti tad eva pratitiṣṭhaty evaṃ vidvān ||

3. That being divided itself threefold, Âditya (the sun) as the third, and Vâyu (the air) as the third. That spirit (prâna) became threefold. The head was the Eastern quarter, and the arms this and that quarter (i. e. the N. E. and S. E., on the left and right sides). Then the tail was the Western quarter, and the two legs this and that quarter (i. e. the N. W. and S. W.) The sides were the Southern and Northern quarters, the back heaven, the belly the sky, the dust the earth. Thus he (Mrityu, as arka) stands firm in the water, and he who knows this stands firm wherever he goes.

sa ca jātaḥ prajāpatistredhā triprakāramātmānaṃ svayameva kāryakaraṇasaṃghātaṃ vyakuruta vyabhajadityetat | kathaṃ tredhā? ityāha ādityaṃ tṛtīyamagnivāyvapekṣayā trayāṇāṃ pūraṇam akurutetyanuvartate | tathāgnyādityāpekṣayā vāyuṃ tṛtīyam | tathā vāyvādityāpekṣayāgniṃ tṛtīyamiti draṣṭavyam | sāmarthyasya tulyatvāttrayāṇāṃ saṃkhyāpūraṇatve | sa eṣa prāṇaḥ sarvabhūtānāmātmāpy agnivāyvādityarūpeṇa viśeṣataḥ svenaiva mṛtyvātmanā tredhā vihito vibhakto na virāṭ svarūpopamardanena | tasyāsya prathamajasyāgneraśvamedhopayogikasyārkasya virājaścityātmakasya aśvasyeva darśanamucyate | sarvā hi pūrvoktotpattirasya stutyarthetyavocāmaitthamasau śuddhajanmeti | tasya prācī dikśiro viśiṣṭatvasāmānyāt | asau cāsau caiśānyāgneyyau īrmau bāhū | īrayatergatikarmaṇaḥ | athāsyāgneḥ pratīcī dikpucchaṃ jaghanyobhāgaḥ, prāṅmukhasya pratyagdiksambandhād | asau cāsau ca vāyavyanairṛtyau sakthyausakthinī pṛṣṭhakoṇatvasāmānyāt | dakṣiṇā codīcī ca pārśe ubhayadiksambandhasāmānyāt | dyauḥ pṛṣṭhamantarikṣamudaramiti pūrvavat |
iyamuraḥ adhobhāgasāmānyāt |
sa eṣo 'gni prajāpatirūpo lokādyātmako 'gnirapsu pratiṣṭhitaḥ"evamime lokā apsvantaḥ"iti śruteḥ |
yatra kka ca yasminkasmiṃścideti gacchati tadeva tatraiva pratitiṣṭhati sthitiṃ labhate |
ko 'sau? evaṃ yathoktamapsu pratiṣṭhitatvamagnevidvānvijānan guṇaphalametat || 3 ||
yo 'sau mṛtyuḥ so 'bādikrameṇātmanātmānam aṇḍasyāntaḥ kāryakaraṇasaṃghātavantaṃ virājamagnimasṛjata, tredhā cātmānamakurutetyuktam | sa kiṃvyāpāraḥ sannasṛjata? ityucyate- || 3 ||

so 'kāmayata -- dvitīyo ma ātmā jāyeteti | sa manasā vācaṃ mithunaṃ samabhavad aśanāyā mṛtyuḥ | tad yad reta āsīt sa saṃvatsaro 'bhavat | na ha purā tataḥ saṃvatsara āsa | tam etāvantaṃ kālam abibhar yāvānt saṃvatsaraḥ | tam etāvataḥ kālasya parastād asṛjata | taṃ jātam abhivyādadāt | sa bhāṇ akarot | saiva vāg abhavat ||

4. He desired, 'Let a second body be born of me,' and he (Death or Hunger) embraced Speech in his mind. Then the seed became the year. Before that time there was no year. Speech bore him so long as a year, and after that time sent him forth. Then when he was born, he (Death) opened his mouth, as if to swallow him. He cried Bhân! and that became speech.

sa mṛtyurakāmayata kāmitavān | kim? dvitīyo me mamātmā śarīraṃ yenāhaṃ śarīrī syāṃ sa jāyetotpadyeta ityevametadakāmayata | sa evaṃ kāmayitvā manasā pūrvotpannena vācaṃ lakṣaṇāṃ mithunaṃ dvandvabhāvaṃ samabhavatsambhavanaṃ kṛtavānmanasā trayīmālocitavān | trayīvihitaṃ sṛṣṭikramaṃ manasānvālocayadityarthaḥ | ko 'sau? aśanāyayā lakṣito mṛtyuḥ | aśanāyā mṛtyurityuktam | tameva parāmṛśatyanyatra prasaṅgo mā bhūditi | tadyadreta āsīt-tattatra mithune yadreta āsīt, prathamaśarīriṇaḥ prajāpaterutpattau kāraṇaṃ reto bījaṃ jñānakarmarūpam,trayyālocanāyāṃ yaddṛṣṭavānāsījjanmāntarakṛtam;tadbhāvabhāvito 'paḥ sṛṣṭvā tena retasā bījenāpsvanupraviśya aṇḍarūpeṇa garbhībhūtaḥ sa saṃvatsaro 'bhavat, saṃvatsarakālanirmātā saṃvatsaraḥ prajāpatirabhavat |
na ha, purā pūrvam, tatastasmātsaṃvatsarakālanirmātuḥ prajāpateḥ, saṃvatsaraḥ kālo nāma nāsa na babhūva ha |
taṃ saṃvatsarakālanirmātāramantargarbhaprajāpatim, yāvāniha prasiddhaḥ kāla etāvantametāvatsaṃvatsaraparimāṇaṃ kālamabibhaḥ bhṛtavānmṛtyuḥ |
yāvānsaṃvatsara iha prasiddhaḥ, tataḥ parastātkiṃ kṛtavān? tametāvataḥ kālasya saṃvatsaramātrasya parastād ūrdhvamasṛjata sṛṣṭavān, aṇḍamabhinadityarthaḥ tamevaṃ kumāraṃ jātamagniṃ prathamaśarīriṇam, aśanāyavattvānmṛtyurabhivyādadānmukhavidāraṇaṃ kṛtavānattum;sa ca kumāro bhītaḥ svābhāvikyāvidyayā yukto bhāṇityevaṃ śabdamakarot |
saiva vāgabhavat, vāk-śabdo 'bhavat || 4 ||

sa aikṣata yadi vā imam abhimaṃsye kanīyo 'nnaṃ kariṣya iti | sa tayā vācā tenātmanedaṃ sarvam asṛjata yad idaṃ kiñca -- ṛco yajūṃṣi sāmāni chandāṃsi yajñān prajāṃ paśūn | sa yad-yad evāsṛjata tattad attum adhriyata | sarvaṃ vā attīti tad aditer adititvam | sarvasyāttā bhavati sarvam asyānnaṃ bhavati ya evam etad aditer adititvaṃ veda ||

5. He thought, 'If I kill him, I shall have but little food.' He therefore brought forth by that speech and by that body (the year) all whatsoever exists, the Rik, the Yagus, the Sâman, the metres, the sacrifices, men, and animals. And whatever he (Death) brought forth, that he resolved to eat (ad). Verily because he eats everything, therefore is Aditi (Death) called Aditi. He who thus knows why Aditi is called Aditi, becomes an eater of everything, and everything becomes his food.

sa aikṣata-sa evaṃ bhītaṃ kṛtaravaṃ kumāraṃ dṛṣṭvā mṛtyuraikṣatekṣitavān aśanāyāvānapi-yadā kadācidvā imaṃ kumāramapimaṃsye-abhipūrvomanyatirhiṃsārthaḥ-hiṃsiṣya ityarthaḥ;kanīyo 'nnaṃ kariṣye kanīyo 'lpamannaṃ kariṣya iti | evamīkṣitvā tadbhakṣaṇādupararāma bahu hyannaṃ kartavyaṃ dīrghakālabhakṣaṇāya naḥ kanīyaḥ | tadbhakṣaṇe hi kanīyo 'nnaṃ syādbījabhakṣaṇa iva sasyābhāvaḥ | sa evamprayojanamannabāhulyamālocya tayyaiva trayyā vācā pūrvoktayā tenaiva cātmanā manasā mithunībhāvamālocanamupagamyopagamyedaṃ sarvaṃ sthāvaraṃ jaṅgamaṃ cāsṛjata yadidaṃ kiñcayatkiñcedam | kiṃ tat? ṛco yajūṃṣi sāmāni chandāṃsi ca saptagāyatryādīdīni stotraśastrādikarmāṅgabhūtāṃstrividhān mantrāngāyatryādicchandoviśiṣṭān yajñāṃśca tatsādhyānprajāstatkartrīḥ paśūṃśca grāmyānāraṇyānkarmasādhanabhūtān | nanu trayyā mithunībhūtayāsṛjatetyuktam, ṛgādīneha kathamasṛjateti? naiṣa doṣaḥ, manasastvavyakto 'yaṃ mithunībhāvastrayyā, bāhyastu ṛgādīnāṃ vidyamānānāmeva karmasu viniyogabhāvena vyaktībhāvaḥ sarga iti | sa prajāpatirevamannavṛddhiṃ buddhvā yadyadeva kriyāsādhanaṃ phalaṃ vā kiñcidasṛjata tattadattuṃ bhakṣayitumadhriyata dhṛtavānmanaḥ | sarvaṃ kṛtsnaṃ vai yasmādattīti tattasmādaditeraditināmno mṛtyoradititvaṃ prasiddham | tathā ca mantraḥ-"aditirdyairaditirantarikṣamaditirmātā sa pitā"(yajuḥ.saṃ.25 | 23) ityādiḥ |
sarvasyaitasya jagato 'nnabhūtasyāttā sarvātmanaivabhavatyanyathā virodhāt |
na hi kaścitsarvasyaiko 'ttā dṛśyatetasmātsarvātmā bhavatītyarthaḥ |
sarvamasyānnaṃ bhavati;ata eva sarvātmano hyattuḥ sarvamannaṃ bhavatītyupapadyate |
ya evametadyathoktamaditermṛtyoḥ prajāpateḥ sarvasya adanādadititvaṃ veda tasyaitat phalam || 5 ||

so 'kāmayata -- bhūyasā yajñena bhūyo yajeyeti | so 'śrāmyat | sa tapo 'tapyata | tasya śrāntasya taptasya yaśo vīryam udakrāmat | prāṇā vai yaśo vīryam | tat prāṇeṣūtkrānteṣu śarīraṃ śvayitum adhriyata | tasya śarīra eva mana āsīt ||

6. He desired to sacrifice again with a greater sacrifice. He toiled and performed penance. And while he toiled and performed penance, glorious power went out of him. Verily glorious power means the senses (prâna). Then when the senses had gone out, the body took to swelling (sva-yitum), and mind was in the body.

so 'kāmayatetyaśvāśvamedhayornirvacanārthamidamāha- bhūyasā mahatā yajñena bhūyaḥ punarapi yajñeyeti | janmāntarakaraṇāpekṣayā bhūyaḥ- śabdaḥ | sa prajāpatiḥ janmāntare 'śvamedhenāyajata | sa tadbhāvabhāvita eva kalpādau vyāvartata | so 'śvamedhakriyākārakaphalātmatvena nirvṛttaḥ sannakāmayata bhūyasā yajñena bhūyo yajeyeti | evaṃ mahatkāryaṃ kāmayitvā lokavadaśrāmyat | sa tapo 'tapyata |
tasya śrāntasya taptasyeti pūrvavat, yaśo vīryamudakrāmaditi |
svayameva padārthamāha- prāṇāścakṣurādayo vai yaśo yaśohetutvāt teṣu hi yatsukhyātirbhavati, tathā vīryaṃ balamasmiñśarīre |
tadevaṃ prāṇalakṣaṇaṃ yaśo vīryamudakrāmadutkrāntavat |
tadevaṃ yaśovīryabhūteṣu prāṇeṣūtkrānteṣu śarīrānniṣkrānteṣu taccharīraṃ prajāpateḥ śvayitumucchūnabhāvaṃ gantumadhriyatāmedhyaṃ cābhavat tasya prajāpateḥ śarīrānnirgatasyāpi tasminneva śarīre mana āsīdyathā kasyacitpriye viṣaye dūraṃ gatasyāpi mano bhavati tadvat || 6 ||
sa tasminneva śarīre gatamanāḥ sankimakarot? ityucyate-

so 'kāmayata -- medhyaṃ ma idaṃ syād ātmanvy anena syām iti | tato 'śvaḥ samabhavat | yad aśvat tan medhyam abhūd iti tad evāśvamedhasyāśvamedhatvam | eṣa ha vā aśvamedhaṃ veda ya enam evaṃ veda | tam anavarudhyaivāmanyata | taṃ saṃvatsarasya parastād ātmana ālabhata | paśūn devatābhyaḥ pratyauhat | tasmāt sarvadevatyaṃ prokṣitaṃ prājāpatyam ālabhante | eṣa vā aśvamedho ya eṣa tapati | tasya saṃvatsara ātmā | ayam agnir arkaḥ | tasyeme lokā ātmānaḥ | tāv etāv arkāśvamedhau | so punar ekaiva devatā bhavati mṛtyur eva | apa punarmṛtyuṃ jayati | nainaṃ mṛtyur āpnoti | mṛtyur asyātmā bhavati | sarvam āyur eti | etāsāṃ devatānām eko bhavati ||

7. He desired that this body should be fit for sacrifice (medhya), and that he should be embodied by it. Then he became a horse (asva), because it swelled (asvat), and was fit for sacrifice (medhya); and this is why the horse-sacrifice is called Asva-medha. Verily he who knows him thus, knows the Asvamedha. Then, letting the horse free, he thought, and at the end of a year he offered it up for himself, while he gave up the (other) animals to the deities. Therefore the sacrificers offered up the purified horse belonging to Pragâpati, (as dedicated) to all the deities. Verily the shining sun is the Asvamedha-sacrifice, and his body is the year; Agni is the sacrificial fire (arka), and these worlds are his bodies. These two are the sacrificial fire and the Asvamedha-sacrifice, and they are again one deity, viz. Death. He (who knows this) overcomes another death, death does not reach him, death is his Self, he becomes one of those deities.

so 'kāmayata, katham? medhyaṃ medhārha yajñiyaṃ me mamedaṃ śarīraṃ syāt | kiñca ātmanvyātmavāṃścānena śarīreṇa śarīravānsyāmiti prāviveśa | yasmāttaccharīraṃ tadviyogādgatayaśorvīryaṃ sad aśvad aśvayat tatastasmādaśvaḥ samabhavat | tato 'śvanāmā prajāpatireva sākṣāditi stūyate | yasmācca punastatpraveśādgatayaśovīryatvādamedhyaṃ sanmedhyamabhūttadeva tasmādevāśvamedhasyāśvamedhanāmnaḥ kratoraśvamedhatvam aśvamedhanāmalābhaḥ | kriyākārakaphalātmako hi kratuḥ | sa ca prajāpatireveti stūyate | kratunirvartakasyāśvasya pajāpatitvamuktam'uṣā vā aśvasya medhasya'ityādinā | tasyaivāśvasya medhyasya prajāpatisvarūpasyāgneśca yathoktasya kratuphalātmarūpatayā samasyopāsanaṃ vidhātavyamityārabhyate | pūrvatra kriyāpadasyavidhāyakasyāśrutatvāt kriyāpadāpekṣatvācca prakaraṇasya ayamartho 'vagamyate | eṣa ha aśvamedhaṃ kratuṃ veda ya enamevaṃ veda, yaḥ kaścidenamaśvamagnirūpamarkaṃ ca yathoktamevaṃ vakṣyamāṇena samāsena padarśyamānena viśeṣaṇena viśiṣṭaṃ veda, sa eṣo 'śvamedhaṃ veda nānyaḥ | tasmādevaṃ veditavya ityarthaḥ | katham? tatra paśuviṣayameva tāvaddarśanamāha | tatra prajāpatirbhūyasā yajñena bhūyo yajeyeti kāmayitvā ātmānameva paśuṃ medhyaṃ kalpayitvā taṃ paśumanavarudhyaivotsṛṣṭaṃ paśumavarodhamakṛtyaiva muktapragrahamamanyatācintayat | taṃ saṃvatsarasya pūrṇasya parastādūrdhvamātmane ātmārthamālabhata- prajāpatidevatākatvenetyetat- ālabhatālambhaṃ kṛtavān | paśūnanyāngrāmyānāraṇyāṃśca devatābhyo yathādaivataṃ pratyauhatpratigamitavān | yasmāccaivaṃ prajāpatiramanyata tasmādevamanyo 'pyuktena vidhinātmānaṃ paśumaśvaṃ medhyaṃ kalpayitvā- sarvadevatyo 'haṃ prokṣyamāṇa ālabhyamānastvahaṃ maddevatya eva syām, anya itare paśavo grāmyāraṇyā yathādaivatamanyābhyo devatābhya ālabhyante madavayavabhūtābhya eva- itividyāt | ata evedānīṃ sarvadevatyaṃ prokṣitaṃ prājāpatyamālabhante yājñikāḥ | 'evameva ha vā aśvamedho ya eṣa tapati'- yastvevaṃ paśusādhanakaḥ kratuḥ sa eṣa sākṣātphalabhūto nirdiśyata eṣa ha vā aśvamedhaḥ | ko 'sau? ya eva savitā tapati jagadavabhāsayati tejasā | tasyāsya kratuphalātmanaḥ saṃvatsaraḥ kālaviśeṣaḥ, ātmā śarīraṃ tannirvartyatvātsaṃvatsarasya | tasyaiva kratvātmanaḥ, agnisādhyatvācca phalasya kratutvarūpeṇaiva nirdeśaḥ, ayaṃ pārthivo 'gnirarkaḥ sādhanabhūtaḥ | tasya cārkasya kratau cityasyeme lokāstrayo 'yopyātmānaḥ śarīrāvayavāḥ | tathā ca vyākhyātaṃ'tasya prācī dik'ityādinā | tāvagnyādityāvetau yathāviśeṣitāvarkāśvamedhau kratuphale | arko yaḥ pārthivo 'gniḥ sa sākṣātkraturūpaḥ kriyātmakaḥ | kratoragnisādhyatvāttadrūpeṇaiva nirdeśaḥ | kratusādhyatvācca phalasya kraturūpeṇaiva nirdeśa ādityo 'śvamedha iti | tau sādhyaisādhanau kratuphalabhūtāvagnyādityau, sā u punarbhūya ekaiva devatā bhavati | kā sā? mṛtyureva | pūrvamapyekaivāsītkriyāsādhanaphalabhedāya vibhaktā | tathā coktam"sa tredhātmānaṃ vyakuruta" (bṛ.u.1 | 2 | 3) iti | sā punarapi kriyānirvṛttyuttarakālamekaiva devatā bhavati mṛtyureva phalarūpa | yaḥ punarevamenamaśvamedhaṃ mṛtyumekāṃ devatāṃ veda | ahameva mṛtyurasmyaśvamedha ekā devatā madrūpā aśvāgnisādhanasādhyeti so 'pajayati punarmṛtyuṃ punarmaraṇaṃ sakṛnmṛtvā punarmaraṇāya na jāyata ityarthaḥ |
apajito 'pi mṛtyurenaṃ punarāpnuyādityāśaṅkyāha- nainaṃ mṛtyurāpnoti |
kasmāt? mṛtyurasya evaṃvida ātmā bhavati |
kiñca mṛtyureva phalarūpaḥ sanne tāsāṃ devatānāmeko bhavati |
tasyaitat phalam || 7 ||
iti prathamādhyāye dvitīyamagnibrāhmaṇam || 2 ||
dvayā hetyādyasya kaḥ sambandhaḥ? karmaṇāṃ jñānasahitānāṃ parā gatiruktā mṛtyvātmabhāvo 'śvamedhagatyuktyā | athedānīṃ mṛtyvātmabhāvasādhanabhūtayoḥ karmajñānayoryata udbhavastatprakāśanārthamudgīthabrāhmaṇamārabhyate | nanu mṛtyvātmabhāvaḥ pūrvatra jñānakarmaṇoḥ phalamuktam | udgīthajñānakarmaṇostumṛtyvātmabhāvātikramaṇaṃ phalaṃ vakṣyati ato bhinnaviṣayatvātphalasya na pūrvakarmajñānodbhavaprakāśanārthamiti cet | nāyaṃ doṣaḥ;agnyādityātmabhāvatvādudgīthaphalasya | pūrvatrāpyetadeva phalamuktam'etāsāṃ devatānāmeko bhavati'iti | nanu'mṛtyumatikrāntaḥ'ityādi viruddham;na svābhāvikapapmāsaṅgaviṣayatvādatikramaṇasya | ko 'sau svābhāvikaḥ papmāsaṅgo mṛtyuḥ? kuto vā tasyodbhavaḥ? kena vā tasyātikramaṇam? kathaṃ vā? ityetasyārthasya prakāśanāyākhyāyikārabhate | katham-

dvayā ha prājāpatyā devāś cāsurāś ca tataḥ kānīyasā eva devā jyāyasā asurāḥ | ta eṣu lokeṣv aspardhanta | te ha devā ūcur hantāsurān yajña udgīthenātyayāmeti ||

THIRD BRÂHMANA
1. There were two kinds of descendants of Pragâpati, the Devas and the Asuras. Now the Devas were indeed the younger, the Asuras the elder ones. The Devas, who were struggling in these worlds, said: 'Well, let us overcome the Asuras at the sacrifices (the Gyotishtoma) by means of the udgîtha.'

dvayā dviprakārāḥ | heti pūrvavṛttāvadyodako nipātaḥ | vartamāna pradāpateḥ pūrvajanmani yad vṛttaṃ tadavadyodayati haśabdena | prājāpatyāḥ prajāpatervṛttajanmāvasthasyāpatyāni prājāpatyāḥ | ke te? devāścāsurāśca | tasyaiva prajāpateḥ prāṇā vāgādayaḥ | kathaṃ punasteṣāṃ devāsuratvam? ucyate - śāstrajanitajñānakarmabhāvitā dyodanāddevā bhavanti | ta eva svābhāvikapratyakṣānumānajanitadṛṣṭaprayojanakarmajñānabhāvitā asurāḥ | sveṣvevāsuṣu ramaṇāt surebhyo vā devobhyo 'nyatvāt | yasmācca dṛṣṭaprayojanajñānakarmabhāvitā asurāḥ, tatastasmātkānīyasāḥ, kānīyāṃsa eva kānīyasāḥ, svārthe 'ṇi vṛddhiḥ | kanīyāṃso 'lpā eva devāḥ | jyāyasā asurājyāyānaso 'surāḥ | svābhāvikī hi karmajñānapravṛttirmahattarā prāṇānāṃ śāstrajanitāyāḥ karmajñānapravṛtterdṛṣṭaprayojanatvāt | ata eva kanīyastvaṃ devānāṃ śāstrajanitapravṛtteralpatvāt | atyantayatnasādhyā hi sā | te devāścāsurāśca prajāpatiśarīrasthā eṣu lokeṣu nimittabhūteṣu svābhāviketarakarmajñānasādhyeṣu aspardhanta spardhā. kṛtavantaḥ | devānāṃ cāsurāṇāṃ ca vṛttyudbhavābhibhavau spardhā | kadācicchāstrajanitakarmajñānabhāvanārūpā vattiḥ prāṇānāmudbhavati | yadā codbhavati tadā dṛṣṭaprayojanā pratyakṣānumāna janitakarmajñānabhāvanārūpā teṣāmeva prāṇānāṃ vṛttirāsuryabhibhūyate | sa devānāṃ jayo 'surāṇāṃ parājayaḥ | kadācittadviparyayeṇa devānāṃ vṛttirabhibhūyata āsuryā udbhavaḥ | so 'surāṇāṃ jayo devānāṃ parājayaḥ | evaṃ devānāṃ jaye dharmabhūyastvādutkarṣa ā prajāpatitvaprāpteḥ | asurajaye 'dharmabhūyastvādapakarṣa ā sthāvaratvaprāpteḥ | ubhayasāmye manuṣyatvaprāptiḥ | ta evaṃ kanīyastvādabhibhūyamānā asurairdevā bāhulyādasurāṇāṃ kiṃ kṛtavantaḥ? ityucyate- te devā asurairabhibhūyamānā ha kilocuruktavantaḥ | katham? hantedānīm asminyajñe jyotiṣṭome, udgīthena udgīthakarmapadārthakartṛsvarūpāśrayaṇena ātyayāmātigacchāmaḥ | asurānabhibhūya svaṃ devabhāvaṃ śāstraprakāśitaṃ pratipatyāmaha ityuktavanto 'nyonyam | udgīthakarmapadārthakartṛsvarūpāśrayaṇaṃ ca jñānakarmabhyām | karma vakṣyamāṇaṃ mantrajapalakṣaṇaṃ vidhitsyamānaṃ"tadetāni japet"iti | jñānaṃ tvidameva nirūpyamāṇam | nanvidamabhyārohajapaviśeṣor'thavādau na jñānanirūpaṇaparam | na; 'ya evaṃ veda'iti vacanāt | udgīthaprastāve purākalpaśravaṇādudgīthavidhiparamiti cenna, aprakaraṇāt | udgīthasya cānyatra vihitatvāt | vidyāprakaratvāccāsya | abhyārohajapasya cānityatvāt, evaṃ viprayojyatvāt;vijñānasya ca nityavacchravaṇāt | "taddhaitallokajideva"(bṛ. u.1 | 3 | 28) iti ca śruteḥ;prāṇasya vāgādīnāṃ śuddhyaśuddhivacanāt | na hyanyupāsyate prāṇasya śuddhivacanaṃ vāgādīnāṃ ca sahopānyastānāmaśuddhivacanam | vāgādinindayā mukhyaprāṇastutiścābhipretā upapadyate | 'mṛtyumatikrānto dīpyate'ityādi phalavacanaṃ ca | prāṇasvarūpāpatterhi phalaṃ tadyadvāgādyagnyādibhāvaḥ | bhavatu nāma prāṇasyopāsanam, na tu viśuddhyādiguṇavatteti | nanu syācchrutatvāt;na syāt;upāsyatve stutyarthatvopapatteḥ | na;aviparītārthapratipatteḥ śreyaḥprāptyupapatterlokavat | yo hyaviparītamarthaṃ pratipadyate loke sa iṣṭaṃ prāpnotyaniṣṭādvā nivartate, na viparītārthapratipattyā | tathehāpi śrautaśabdajanitārthapratipattau śreyaḥprāptirupapannā na viparyaye | na copāsanārthaśrutaśabdotthavijñānaviṣayasya ayathārthatve pramāṇamasti | na ca tadvijñānasyāpavādaḥ śrūyate | tataḥ śreyaḥprāptidarśanādyathārthatāṃ pratipadyāmahe;viparyaye cānarthaprāptidarśanāt | yo hi viparyayeṇārthaṃ pratipadyate loke, puruṣaṃ sthāṇurityamitraṃ mitramiti vā, so 'narthaṃ prāpnuvandṛśyate | ātmeśvaradevatādīnāmapi ayathārthānāmeva ced grahaṇaṃ śrutitaḥ, anarthaprāptyarthaṃ śāstramiti dhruvaṃ prāpnuyāllokavadeva, na caitadiṣṭam;tasmādyathābhūtāneva ātmeśvaradevatādīn grāhayatyupāsanārthaṃ śāstram | nāmādau brahmadṛṣṭidarśanādayuktamiti cetsphuṭaṃ nāmāderabrahmatvam, tatra brahmadṛṣṭiṃ sthāṇbādāviva puruṣadṛṣṭiṃ viparītāṃ grāhayacchāstraṃ dṛśyate | tasmādyathārthameva śāstrataḥ pratipatteḥ śreyaḥ ityuktamiti cet? na, pratimāvadbhedapratipatteḥ | nāmādavabrahmaṇi brahmadṛṣṭiṃ viparītāṃ grāhayati śāstraṃ sthāṇbādāviva puruṣadṛṣṭiṃ, iti naitatsādhvavocaḥ | kasmtāt? bhedena hi brahmaṇo nāmādivastupratipannasya nāmādau vidhīyate brahmadṛṣṭiḥ pratimādāviva viṣṇudṛṣṭiḥ | ālambanatvena hi nāmādipratipattiḥ pratimādivadeva, na tu nāmādyeva brahmeti | yathā sthāṇāvanirjñāte na sthāṇuriti, puruṣa evāyamiti pratipadyate viparītam, na tu tathā nāmādau brahmadṛṣṭirviparītā | brahmadṛṣṭireva kevalā nāsti brameti cet | etena pratimābrāhmaṇādiṣu viṣṇvādidevapitrādidṛṣṭīnāṃ tulyatā | na;ṛgādiṣu pṛthivyādidṛṣṭidarśanāt | vidyamānapṛthivyādivastudṛṣṭīnāmeva ṛgādiviṣaye kṣepadarśanāt | tasmāttatsāmānyānnāmādiṣu brahmādidṛṣṭīnāṃ vidyamānabrahmādiviṣayatvasiddhiḥ | etena pratimābrāhmaṇādiṣu viṣṇvādidevapitrādibuddhīnāṃ ca satyavastuviṣayatvasiddhiḥ | mukhyāpekṣatvācca gauṇatvasya | pañcāgnyādiṣu cāgnitvādergauṇatvād mukhyāgnyādisadbhāvavannāmādiṣu bahmatvasya gauṇatvānmukhyabrahmasadbhāvopapattiḥ | kriyārthaiścāviśeṣādvidyārthānām yathā ca darśapaurṇamāsādikriyedamphalā viśiṣṭaitikartavyatākā evaṅkramaprayuktāṅgā ca ityetadalaukikaṃ vastu pratyakṣādyaviṣayaṃ tathābhūtaṃ ca vedavākyaireva jñāpyate | tathā, paramātmeśvaradevatādivastu asthūlādidharmakamaśanāyādyatītaṃ cetyevamādiviśiṣṭamiti vedavākyaireva jñāpyate, ityalaukikatvāttathābhūtameva bhavitumarhatīti | na ca kriyārthairvākyairjñānavākyānāṃ buddhyutpātakatve viśeṣo 'sti | na cāniścitā viparyastā vā paramātmādivastuviṣayā buddhirutpadyate | anuṣṭheyābhāvādayuktamiti cet kriyārthairvākyaistryaṃśābhāvanānuṣṭheyā jñāpyate 'laukikyapi | na tathā paramātmeśvarādivijñāne 'nuṣṭheyaṃ kiñcitasti | ataḥ kriyārthaiḥ sādharmyamityayuktamiti cet? na, jñānasya tathābhūtārthaviṣayatvāt na hyanuṣṭheyatvāttathātvam, kiṃ tarhi? pramāṇasamadhigatatvāt | na ca tadviṣayāyā buddheranuṣṭheyaviṣayatvāttathārthatvam, kiṃ tarhi? vedavākyajanitatvādeva | vedavākyādhigatasya vastunastathātve satyanuṣṭheyatvaviśiṣṭhaṃ cedanutiṣṭhati | no cedanuṣṭheyatvaviśiṣṭhaṃ nānu tiṣṭhati | ananuṣṭheyatve vākyapramāṇatvānupapattiriti cet | na hyanuṣṭheye 'sati padānāṃ sahatirupapadyate | anuṣṭheyatve tu sati tādarthyena padāni saṃhanyante | tatrānuṣṭheyaniṣṭhaṃ vākyaṃ pramāṇaṃ bhavati idamanenaivaṃ kartavyamiti | na tvidamanenaivamityevaṃ prakārāṇāṃ padaśatānāmapi vākyatvamasti'kuryātkriyeta kartavyaṃ bhavetsyāditi pañcamam'ityevamādīnāmanyatame 'sati | ataḥ paramātmeśvarādīnāmavākyapramāṇatvam, padārthatve ca pramāṇāntaraviṣayatvam | ato 'sadetaditi cet? na,'asti merurvarṇacatuṣṭayopetaḥ'ityevamādyananuṣṭheye 'pi vākyadarśanāt | na ca'merurvarṇacatuṣṭayopetaḥ'ityevamādivākyaśravaṇe mervādāvanuṣṭheyatvabuddhirutpadyate | tathā astipadasahitānāṃ paramātmeśvarādipratipādakavākyapadānāṃ viśeṣaṇa viśeṣyabhāvena saṃhatiḥ kena vāryate | mervādijñānavatparamātmajñāne prayojanābhāvādayuktamiti cet? na,"brahmavidāpnoti param"(tai.u.2 | 1 | 1) "brahmavidāpnoti param bhidyate hṛdayagranthiḥ"(mu.u.2 | 2 | 8) iti phalaśravaṇāt, saṃsārabījāvidyādidoṣanivṛttidarśanācca | ananyaśeṣatvācca tajjñānasya, juhvāmiva phalaśruterarthavādatvānupapatti | pratiṣiddhāniṣṭaphalasambandhaśca vedādeva vijñāyate | na cānuṣṭheyaḥ saḥ | na ca pratiṣiddhaviṣaye pravṛttakriyasya akaraṇādanyadanuṣṭheyamasti | akartavyatājñānaniṣṭhataiva hi paramārthataḥ pratiṣedhavidhīnāṃ syāt | kṣudhārtasya pratiṣedhajñānasaṃskṛtasya abhakṣye 'bhojye vā pratyupasthite kalajjābhiśastānnādau'idaṃ bhakṣyamado bhojyam'iti vā jñānamutpannam, tadviṣayayā pratiṣedhajñānasmṛtyā bādhyate | mṛgatṛṣṇikāyāmiva peyajñānaṃ tadviṣayayāthātmyavijñānena | tasminbādhite snābhāvikanarthakarītadbhakṣaṇabhojanapravṛttirna bhavati | viparītajñānanimittāyāḥ pravṛtternivṛttireva, na punaryatnaḥ kāryastadabhāve | tasmāt pratiṣedhavidhīnāṃ vastuyāthātmyajñānaniṣṭhataiva, na puruṣavyāpāraniṣṭhatāgandho 'pyasti | tathehāpi paramātmādiyāthātmyajñānavidhīnāṃ tāvanmātraparyavāsanataiva syāt | tathā tadvijñānasaṃskṛtasya tadviparītārthajñānanimittānāṃ pravṛttīnāmanarthārthatvena jñāyamānatvāt paramātmādiyāthātmyajñānasmṛtyā svābhāvike tannimittavijñāne bādhite 'bhāvaḥ syāt | nanu kalañjādibhakṣaṇāderanarthārthatvavastuyāthātmyajñānasmṛtyā svābhāvike tadbhakṣyatvādiviṣayaviparītajñāne nivartite tadbhakṣaṇādyanarthapravṛttyabhāvavadapratiṣedhaviṣayatvācchāstravihitapravṛttyabhāvo na yukta iti cet | na, viparītajñānanimittatvānarthārthatvābhyāṃ tulyatvāt | kalañjabhakṣaṇādipravṛtteḥ mithyājñānanimittatvam | anarthārthatvaṃ ca yathā, tathā śāstravihitapravṛttīnāmapi | tasmāt paramātmayāthātmyavijñānavataḥ śāstravihitapravṛttīnāmapi mithyājñānanimittatvena anarthārthatvena ca tulyatvāt paramātmajñānena viparītajñāne nivartite yukta evābhāvaḥ | nanu tatra yuktaḥ, nityānāṃ tu kevalaśāstranimittatvāt, anarthārthatvābhāvaccābhāvo na yukta iti cet? na avidyārāgadveṣādidoṣavato vihitatvāt | yathā svargakāmādidoṣavato darśapūrṇamāsādīni kāmyāni karmāṇi vihitāni tathā sarvānarthabījāvidyādidoṣavatastajjaniteṣṭāniṣṭaprāptiparihārarāgadveṣādidoṣavataśca tatpreritāviśeṣapravṛtteriṣṭāniṣṭaprāptiparihārārthino nityāni karmāṇi vidhīyante, na kevalaṃ śāstranimittānyeva | na cāgnihotradarśapūrṇamāsacāturmāsyapaśubandhasomānāṃ karmaṇāṃ svataḥ kāmyanityatvavivekosti | kartṛgatena hi svargādikāmadoṣeṇa kāmārthatā | tathā avidyādidoṣavataḥ svabhāvaprāpteṣṭāniṣṭaprāptiparihārārthinaḥ tadarthānyeva nityāni iti yuktam, taṃ prati vihitatvāt | na paramātmayāthātmyavijñānavataḥ śamopāyavyatirekeṇa kiñcitkarma vihitamubhalabhyate | karmanimittadevatādisarvasādhanavijñānopamardena hyātmajñānaṃ vidhīyate, na copamarditakriyākārakādivijñānasya karmapravṛttirupapadyate | viśiṣṭakriyāsādhanādijñānapūrvakatvātkriyāpravṛtteḥ | na hi deśakālādyanavacchinnāsthūladvayādibrahmapatyayadhāriṇaḥ karmāvasaro 'sti | bhojanādipravṛttyavasaravatsyāditi cet? na, avidyādikevaladoṣanimittatvādbhojanādi pravṛtterāvaśyakatvānupapatteḥ | na tu tathāniyataṃ kadācitkriyate kadācinna kriyate ceti nityaṃ karmopapadyate | kevaladoṣanimittatvāttu bhojanādikarmaṇo 'niyatatvaṃ syāt | doṣodbhavābhibhavayoraniyatatvāt kāmānāmiva kāmyeṣu | śāstranimittakālādyapekṣatvācca nityānāmaniyatatvānupapattiḥ |
doṣanimittatve satyapi yathā kāmyāgnihotrasya śāstravihitatvāt sāyaṃprātaḥ kālādyapekṣatvamevam |
tadbhojanādipavṛttau niyamavatsyāditi cet? na, niyamasākriyatvāt kriyāyāścaprayojakatvānnāsau jñānasyāpavādakaraḥ |
tasmāt paramātmāyāthātmyajñānavidherapi tadviparītasthūladvaitādijñānanivartakatvāt sāmarthyātsarvakarmapratiṣedhavidhyarthatvaṃ sampadyate;karmapravṛttyabhāvasya tulyatvād yathā pratiṣedhaviṣaye |
tasmāt pratiṣedhavidhivacca vastupratipādanaṃ tatparatvaṃ ca siddhaṃ śāstrasya || 1 ||

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