Bibliotheca Polyglotta

Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣat

Complete text

atha ha yājñavalkyasya dve bhārye babhūvatur maitreyī ca kātyāyanī ca | tayor ha maitreyī brahmavādinī babhūva | strīprajñaiva tarhi kātyāyanī | atha ha yājñavalkyo 'nyad vṛttam upākariṣyan ||

FIFTH BRÂHMANA
1. Yâgñavalkya had two wives, Maitreyî and Kâtyâyanî. Of these Maitreyî was conversant with Brahman, but Kâtyâyanî possessed such knowledge only as women possess. And Yâgñavalkya, when he wished to get ready for another state of life (when he wished to give up the state of a householder, and retire into the forest),

āgamapradhānena madhukāṇḍena brahmatattvaṃ nirdhāritam | punastasyaivopattipradhānena yājñavalkīyena kāṇḍena pakṣapratipakṣaparigrahaṃ kṛtvā vigṛhyavādena vicāritam | śaiṣyācāryasaṃbandhena ca ṣaṣṭhe praśnaprativacananyāyena savistaraṃ vicāryopasaṃhṛtam | athedānīṃ nigamanasthānīyaṃ maitreyībrāhmaṇamārabhyete | ayaṃ ca nyāyo vākyakovidaiḥ parigṛhīto hetvapadeśātpratijñāyāḥ punarvacanaṃ nigamanamiti | athavā'gamapradhānena madhukāṇḍena yadamṛtatvasādhanaṃ sasaṃnyāsabhātmajñānamabhihitaṃ tadeva tarkeṇāpyamṛtatvasādhanaṃ sasaṃnyāsamātmajñānamadhigamyate | tarkapradhānaṃhi yājñavalkīyaṃ kāṇḍam | tasmācchāstratarkābhyāṃ niścitametadyadetadātmajñānaṃ sasaṃnyāsamamṛtatvasādhanamiti | tasmācchāstraśraddhāvadbhiramṛtatvapratipitsubhiretatpratipattavyamiti | āgamopapattibhyāṃ hi niścitor'thaḥ śraddheyo bhavatyavyabhicārāditi | akṣarāṇāṃ tu caturthe yathā vyākhyātor'thastathā pratipattavyo 'trāpi | yānyakṣarāṇyavyākhyātāni tāni vyākhyāsyāmaḥ | atheti hetūpadeśānantaryapradarśanārthaḥ | hetupradhānāni hi vākyānyatītāni tadanantaramāgamapradhānena pratijñātor'tho nigamyate maitreyībrāhmaṇena |
haśabdo vṛttāvadyotakaḥ |
yājñavalkyasyarṣeḥ kila dve bhārye patnyau babhūvaturāstāṃ maitreyī ca nāmata ekāparā kātyāyanī nāmataḥ tayorbhāryayormaitreyīha kila brahmavādinī brahmavadanaśīlā babhūvā'sīt |
strīprajñā striyāṃ yocitā sā strīprajñā saiva yasyāḥ prajñā gṛhaprayojanānveṣaṇālakṣaṇā sā strīprajñaiva tarhi tasminkāla āsītkātyāyanī |
athaivaṃ sati ha kila yājñavalkyo 'nyatpūrvasmādgārhasthyalakṣaṇādvṛttātpārivrājyalakṣaṇaṃ vṛttamupākariṣyannupācikīrṣuḥ san ||4,5.1||

maitreyīti hovāca yājñavalkyaḥ | pravrajiṣyan vā are 'ham asmāt sthānād asmi | hanta te 'nayā katyāyanyāntaṃ karavāṇīti ||

2. Said, 'Maitreyî, verily I am going away from this my house (into the forest). Forsooth, let me make a settlement between thee and that Kâtyâyanî.'

he maitreyīti jyeṣṭhāṃ bhāryāmāmantrayāmāsa |
āmanñya covāca ha pravrajiṣyanpānivrājyaṃ kariṣyanvā are maitreyyasmātsthānādgārhasthyādahamasmi bhavāmi |
maitreyyanujānīhi māṃ hantecchasi yadi te 'nayā kātyāyanyāntaṃ karavāṇotyādi vyākhyātam ||4,5.2||

sā hovāca maitreyī -- yan nu ma iyam bhagoḥ sarvā pṛthivī vittena pūrṇā syāt syāṃ nv ahaṃ tenāmṛtāho3 neti | neti hovāca yājñavalkyaḥ | yathaivopakaraṇavatāṃ jīvitam | tathaiva te jīvitaṃ syāt | amṛtatvasya tu nāśāsti vitteneti ||

3. Maitreyî said: 'My Lord, if this whole earth, full of wealth, belonged to me, tell me, should I be immortal by it, or no?' 'No,' replied Yâgñavalkya, 'like the life of rich people will be thy life. But there is no hope of immortality by wealth.'

sā hovāca maitreyī -- yenāhaṃ nāmṛtā syām kim ahaṃ tena kuryām | yad eva bhagavān veda tad eva me brūhīti ||

4. And Maitreyî said: 'What should I do with that by which I do not become immortal? What my Lord knoweth (of immortality), tell that clearly to me.'

saivamuktovāca maitreyī sarveyaṃ pṛthivī vittena pūrṇā syānnu kiṃ syāṃ kimahaṃ vittasādhyena karmaṇāmṛtā'ho na syāmiti |
neti hovāca yājñavalkya ityādi samānamanyat ||4,5.3-4 ||

sa hovāca yājñavalkyaḥ -- priyā vai khalu no bhavatī satī priyam avṛdhat | hanta tarhi | bhavaty etad vyākhyāsyāmi te | vyācakṣāṇasya tu me nididhyāsasveti ||

5. Yâgñavalkya replied: 'Thou who art truly dear to me, thou hast increased what is dear (to me in thee). Therefore, if you like, Lady, I will explain it to thee, and mark well what I say.'

sa hovāca priyaiva pūrvaṃ khalu no 'smabhyaṃ bhavatī bhavanti sato priyamevāvṛdhadvardhitavatī nirdhāritavatyasi |
atastuṣṭo 'haṃ hantecchasi cedamṛtatvasādhanaṃ jñātuṃ he bhavati te tubhyaṃ tadmṛtatvasādhanaṃ vyākhyāsyāmi ||4,5.5||

sa hovāca | na vā are patyuḥ kāmāya patiḥ priyo bhavaty ātmanas tu kāmāya patiḥ priyo bhavati | na vā are jāyāyai kāmāya jāyā priyā bhavaty ātmanas tu kāmāya jāyā priyā bhavati | na vā are putrāṇāṃ kāmāya putrāḥ priyā bhavanty ātmanas tu kāmāya putrāḥ priyā bhavanti | na vā are vittasya kāmāya vittaṃ priyaṃ bhavaty ātmanas tu kāmāya vittaṃ priyaṃ bhavati | na vā are paśūnāṃ kāmāya paśavaḥ priyaṃ bhavaty ātmanas tu kāmāya paśavaḥ priyaṃ bhavati | na vā are brahmaṇaḥ kāmāya brahma priyaṃ bhavaty ātmanas tu kāmāya brahma priyaṃ bhavati | na vā are kṣatrasya kāmāya kṣatraṃ priyaṃ bhavaty ātmanas tu kāmāya kṣatraṃ priyaṃ bhavati | na vā are lokānāṃ kāmāya lokāḥ priyā bhavanty ātmanas tu kāmāya lokāḥ priyā bhavanti | na vā are devānāṃ kāmāya devāḥ priyā bhavanty ātmanas tu kāmāya devāḥ priyā bhavanti | na vā are vedānāṃ kāmāya vedāḥ priyā bhavanty ātmanas tu kāmāya vedāḥ priyā bhavanti | na vā are bhūtānāṃ kāmāya bhūtāni priyāṇi bhavanty ātmanas tu kāmāya bhūtāni priyāṇi bhavanti | na vā are sarvasya kāmāya sarvaṃ priyaṃ bhavaty ātmanas tu kāmāya sarvaṃ priyaṃ bhavati | ātmā vā are draṣṭavyaḥ śrotavyo mantavyo nididhyāsitavyo maitreyi | ātmani khalv are dṛṣṭe śrute mate vijñāta idaṃ sarvaṃ viditam ||

6. And he said: 'Verily, a husband is not dear, that you may love the husband; but that you may love the Self, therefore a husband is dear. 'Verily, a wife is not dear, that you may love the wife; but that you may love the Self, therefore a wife is dear. 'Verily, sons are not dear, that you may love the sons; but that you may love the Self, therefore sons are dear. 'Verily, wealth is not dear, that you may love wealth; but that you may love the Self, therefore wealth is dear. 'Verily, cattle are not dear, that you may love cattle; but that you may love the Self, therefore cattle are dear. 'Verily, the Brahman-class is not dear, that you may love the Brahman-class; but that you may love the Self, therefore the Brahman-class is dear. 'Verily, the Kshatra-class is not dear, that you may love the Kshatra-class; but that you may love the Self, therefore the Kshatra-class is dear. 'Verily, the worlds are not dear, that you may love the worlds; but that you may love the Self, therefore the worlds are dear. 'Verily, the Devas are not dear, that you may love the Devas; but that you may love the Self, therefore the Devas are dear. 'Verily, the Vedas are not dear, that you may love the Vedas; but that you may love the Self, therefore the Vedas are dear. 'Verily, creatures are not dear, that you may love the creatures; but that you may love the Self, therefore are creatures dear. 'Verily, everything is not dear, that you may love everything; but that you may love the Self, therefore everything is dear. 'Verily, the Self is to be seen, to be heard, to be perceived, to be marked, O Maitreyî! When the Self has been seen, heard, perceived, and known, then all this is known!

ātmani khalvare maitreyī dṛṣṭe | kathaṃ dṛṣṭa ātmanīti, ucyate-pūrvamācāryāgamābhyāṃ śrute punastarkeṇopapattayā mate vicārite |
śravaṇaṃ tvāgamamātreṇa mata upapattyā paścādvijñāna evametannānyatheti nirdhārite |
kiṃ bhavatītyucyata idaṃ viditaṃ bhavati |
idaṃ sarvamiti yadātmano 'nyat |
ātmavyatirekeṇābhāvāt ||4,5.6||

brahma taṃ parādād yo 'nyatrātmano vedān veda | kṣatraṃ taṃ parādād yo 'nyatrātmanaḥ kṣatraṃ veda | lokās taṃ parādur yo 'nyatrātmano lokān veda | devās taṃ parādur yo 'nyatrātmano devān veda | vedās taṃ parādur yo 'nyatrātmano vedān veda | bhūtāni taṃ parādur yo 'nyatrātmano bhūtāni veda | sarvaṃ taṃ parādād yo 'nyatrātmanaḥ sarvaṃ veda | idaṃ brahmedaṃ kṣatram ime lokā ime devā ime vedā imāni bhūtānīdaṃ sarvaṃ yad ayam ātmā ||

7. 'Whosoever looks for the Brahman-class elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the Brahman-class. Whosoever looks for the Kshatra-class elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the Kshatra-class. Whosoever looks for the worlds elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the worlds. Whosoever looks for the Devas elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the Devas. Whosoever looks for the Vedas elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the Vedas. Whosoever looks for the creatures elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by the creatures. Whosoever looks for anything elsewhere than in the Self, was abandoned by anything. 'This Brahman-class, this Kshatra-class, these worlds, these Devas, these Vedas, all these beings, this everything, all is that Self.

sa yathā dundubher hanyamānasya na bāhyāñ chabdāñ chaknuyād grahaṇāya | dundubhes tu grahaṇena dundubhyāghātasya vā śabdo gṛhītaḥ ||

8. 'Now as the sounds of a drum, when beaten, cannot be seized externally (by themselves), but the sound is seized, when the drum is seized, or the beater of the drum;

sa yathā śaṅkhasya dhmāyamānasya na bāhyāñ chabdāñ chaknuyād grahaṇāya | śaṅkhasya tu grahaṇena śaṅkhadhmasya vā śabdo gṛhītaḥ ||

9. 'And as the sounds of a conch-shell, when blown, cannot be seized externally (by themselves), but the sound is seized, when the shell is seized, or the blower of the shell;

sa yathā vīṇāyai vādyamānāyai na bāhyāñ chabdāñ chaknuyād grahaṇāya | vīṇāyai tu grahaṇena vīṇāvādasya vā śabdo grhītaḥ ||

10. 'And as the sounds of a lute, when played, cannot be seized externally (by themselves), but the sound is seized, when the lute is seized, or the player of the lute;

tamayathārthadarśitaṃ parādātparākuryātkaivalyāsaṃbandhinaṃ kuryādayamanātmasvarūpeṇa māṃ paśyatītyaparādhāditi bhāvaḥ ||4,5.7-10 ||

sa yathārdraidhāgner abhyāhitasya pṛthag dhūmā viniścaranty evaṃ vā are 'sya mahato bhūtasya niḥśvasitam etad yad ṛgvedo yajurvedaḥ sāmavedo 'tharvāṅgirasa itihāsaḥ purāṇaṃ vidyā upaniṣadaḥ ślokāḥ sūtrāṇy anuvyākhyānāni vyākhyānanīṣṭaṃ hutam āśitaṃ pāyitam ayaṃ ca lokaḥ paraś ca lokaḥ sarvāṇi ca bhūtāni | asyaivaitāni sarvāṇi niśvasitāni ||

11. 'As clouds of smoke proceed by themselves out of lighted fire kindled with damp fuel, thus verily, O Maitreyî, has been breathed forth from this great Being what we have as Rig-veda, Yagur-veda, Sâma-veda, Atharvâṅgirasas, Itihâsa, Purâna, Vidyâ, the Upanishads, Slokas, Sûtras, Anuvyâkhyânas, Vyâkhyânas, what is sacrificed, what is poured out, food, drink, this world and the other world, and all creatures. From him alone all these were breathed forth.

sa yathā sarvāsām apāṃ samudra ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣāṃ sparśānāṃ tvag ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣāṃ gandhānāṃ nāsike ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣāṃ rasānāṃ jihvaikāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣāṃ rūpāṇāṃ cakṣur ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣaṃ śabdānāṃ śrotram ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣāṃ saṃkalpānāṃ mana ekāyanam | evaṃ sarvāsāṃ vidyānāṃ hṛdayam ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣāṃ karmaṇāṃ hastāv ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣām ānandānām upastha ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣāṃ visargāṇāṃ pāyur ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣām adhvanāṃ pādāv ekāyanam | evaṃ sarveṣāṃ vedānāṃ vāg ekāyanam ||

12. 'As all waters find their centre in the sea, all touches in the skin, all tastes in the tongue, all smells in the nose, all colours in the eye, all sounds in the ear, all percepts in the mind, all- knowledge in the heart, all actions in the hands, all movements in the feet, and all the Vedas in speech,--

caturthe śabdaniḥśvāseneva lokādyarthaniḥśvāsaḥ sāmarthyādikto bhavatīti pṛthaṅnoktaḥ |
iha tu sarvaśāstropa saṃhāraṃ iti kṛtvār'thaprāpto 'pyarthaḥ spaṣṭīkartavya iti pṛthagucyate ||4,5.11-12 ||

sa yathā saindhavaghano 'nantaro 'bāhyaḥ kṛtsno rasaghana eva | evaṃ vā are 'yam ātmānantaro 'bāhyaḥ kṛtsnaḥ prajñānaghana eva | etebhyo bhūtebhyaḥ samutthāya tāny evānuvinayati | na pretya saṃjñāstīty are bravīmi | iti hovāca yājñavalkyaḥ ||

13. 'As a mass of salt has neither inside nor outside, but is altogether a mass of taste, thus indeed has that Self neither inside nor outside, but is altogether a mass of knowledge; and having risen from out these elements, vanishes again in them. When he has departed, there is no more knowledge (name), I say, O Maitreyî,'--thus spoke Yâgñavalkya.

sarvakāryapralaye vidyānimitte saindhavaghanavadanantaro 'vāhyaḥ kṛtsnaḥ prajñānadhana eka ātmāvatiṣṭhate |
pūrvaṃ tu bhūtamānnāsaṃsargaviśeṣallabdhaviśeṣavijñānaḥ san |
tasminpravilāpite vidyayā viśeṣavijñāne tannimitte ca bhūtasaṃsarge na pretya saṃjñāstītyevaṃ yājñavalkyenoktā ||4,5.13||

sā hovāca maitreyī -- atraiva mā bhagavān mohāntam āpīpadat | na vā aham imaṃ vijānāmīti | sa hovāca -- na vā are 'haṃ mohaṃ bravīmi | avināśī vā are 'yam ātmānucchittidharmā ||

14. Then Maitreyî said: 'Here, Sir, thou hast landed me in utter bewilderment. Indeed, I do not understand him.' But he replied: 'O Maitreyî, I say nothing that is bewildering. Verily, beloved, that Self is imperishable, and of an indestructible nature.

sā hovācātraiva mā bhagavānetasminnaiva vastuni prajñānaghana eva na pretya saṃjñā'stīti mohāntaṃ mohamadhyamāpīpidāpīpadadavagamitavānasi saṃsohitavānasītyarthaḥ |
ato na vā ahamimamātmānamuktalakṣaṇaṃ vijānāmi vivekata iti |
sa hovāca nāhaṃ mohaṃ bravīmyavināśī vā are 'yamātmā yato vina(naṃ)ṣṭuṃ śīlamasyeti vināśī na vināśyavināśī vināśabdena vikriyāvināśītyavikriya ātmetyarthaḥ |
are maitreyyayamātmā prakṛto 'nucchittidharmā |
ucchittiruccheda ucchedo 'nto vināśa ucchittirdharmo 'syetyucchittirardharmā nocchittidharmānucchittidharmā nāpi vikriyālakṣaṇo nāpyapacchedalakṣaṇo vīnāśo 'sya vidyata ityarthaḥ ||4,5.14||

yatra hi dvaitam iva bhavati tad itara itaraṃ paśyati, tad itara itaraṃ jighrati, tad itara itaraṃ rasayate, tad itara itaram abhivadati, tad itara itaraṃ śṛṇoti, tad itara itaraṃ manute. tad itara itaraṃ spṛśati, tad itara itaraṃ vijānāti | yatra tv asya sarvam ātmaivābhūt tat kena kaṃ paśyet tat kena kaṃ jighret tat kena kaṃ rasayet tat kena kam abhivadet tat kena kaṃ śṛṇuyāt tat kena kaṃ manvīta tat kena kaṃ spṛśet tat kena kaṃ vijānīyāt | yenedaṃ sarvaṃ vijānāti taṃ kena vijānīyāt | sa eṣa neti nety ātmā | agṛhyo na hi gṛhyate | aśīryo na hi śīryate | asaṅgo na hi sajyate | asito na vyathate na riṣyati | vijñātāram are kena vijānīyād ity uktānuśāsanāsi maitreyi | etāvad are khalv amṛtatvam iti hoktvā yājñavalkyo vijahāra ||

15. 'For when there is as it were duality, then one sees the other, one smells the other, one tastes the other, one salutes the other, one hears the other, one perceives the other, one touches the other, one knows the other; but when the Self only is all this, how should he see another, how should he smell another, how should he taste another, how should he salute another, how should he hear another, how should he touch another, how should he know another? How should he know Him by whom he knows all this? That Self is to be described by No, no 1! He is incomprehensible, for he cannot be comprehended; he is imperishable, for he cannot perish; he is unattached, for he does not attach himself; unfettered, he does not suffer, he does not fail. How, O beloved, should he know the Knower? Thus, O Maitreyî, thou hast been instructed. Thus far goes immortality.' Having said so, Yâgñavalkya went away (into the forest).

caturṣvapi prapāṭhakeṣveka ātmā tulyo nirdhāritaḥ paraṃ brahma | upāyaviśeṣastu tasyādhigame 'nyaścānyaśca | upeyastu sa evā'tmā yaścaturthe 'thāta ādeśo neti netīti nirdiṣṭaḥ | sa eva pañcame prāṇapaṇopanyāsena śākalyayājñavalkyasaṃvāde nirdhāritaḥ | punaḥ pañcamasamāptau | punarjanakayājñavalkyasaṃvāde | punarihopaniṣatsamāptau | caturṇāmapi prapāṭhakānāmetadātmaniṣṭhatā nānyo 'ntarāle kaścidapi vivakṣiter'tha ityetatpradarśanāyānta upasaṃhāraḥ sa eṣa neti netyādiḥ | yasmātprakāraśatenāpi nirūpyamāṇe tattave neti netyātmaiva niṣṭhā nānyopalabhyate tarkeṇa vā'gamena vā tasmādetadevāmṛtatvasādhanaṃ yadetanneti netyātmaparijñānaṃ sarvasaṃnyāsaścetyetamarthamupasaṃjihīrṣannāha-etāvadetāvanmātraṃ yadetanneti netyadvaitātmadarśanamidaṃ cānyasahakārikāraṇanirapekṣamevāre maitreyyamṛtatvasādhanam | yatpṛṣṭatyasi yadeva bhagavānveda tadeva me brūhyamṛtatvasādhanamiti tadetāvadevetu vijñeyaṃ tvayeti haivaṃ kilāmṛtatvasādhanamātmajñānaṃ priyāyai bhāryāyā uktvā saṃnyāsaparyavasānā | etāvānupadeśa etadvedānuśāsanameṣā paramaniṣṭhaiṣa puruṣārthakartavyatānta iti | idānīṃ vicāryate śāstrārthavivekapratipattaye |
yata ākulāni hi vākyāni dṛśyante"yāvajjīvamagnihotraṃ juhuyāt" "yāvajjīvaṃ darśapūrṇamāsābhyāṃ yajeta" "kurvanneveha karmāṇi jijīviṣecchataṃ samāḥ" "etadvai jarāmaryaṃ sarvaṃ yadagnihotram"ityādīnyaikāśramyājñāpakānyāni cā'śramāntarapratipādakāni vākyāni"viditvā vyutthāya pravrajanti" "brahmacaryaṃ samāpya gṛhī bhavedgrahādvanī bhūtvā pravrajet" "yadi vetarathā brahmacaryādeva pravrajedgṛhādvā vanādvā"iti |
"na karmaṇā na prajayā dhanena tyāgenaikemṛtatvamānaśuḥ"ityādīni |
tathā smṛtayaśca-"brahmacaryavānpravrajati" "aviśīrṇabrahmacaryo yamicchattamāvaseti"tasyā'śramamavikalpamekebruvate"tathā-"vaidānanadhītya brahmacaryeṇa putrapautrānicchetpāvanārthaṃ pitṛṇām |
agnīnādhāya vidhivacceṣṭayajño vanaṃ praviśyātha munirbubhūṣet" ||
"prājāpatyāṃ nirupyeṣṭiṃ sarvavesadakṣiṇām |
ātmanyagnīnsamāropya brāhmaṇaḥ pravrajedgṛhāt" ||
ityādyāḥ | evaṃ vyutthānavikalpakramayateṣṭāśramapratipattipratāpādakāni hi śrutismṛtivākyāni śataśa upalaṃbhyanta itaretaraviruddhāni | ācāraśca tadvidām | vipratipattiśca śāstrārthapratapattṝṇāṃ bahuvidāmapi | ato na śakyate śāstrārtho mandabuddhibhirvivekena pratipattum | pariniṣṭhataśāstranyāyabuddhibhireva hyoṣāṃ vākyānāṃ viṣayavibhāgaḥ śakyate 'vadhārayitum | tasmādeṣāṃ viṣayavibhāgajñāpanāya yathābuddhisāmarthaṃya vicārayiṣyāmaḥ | yāvajjīvaśrutyādivākyānāmanyārthāsaṃbhavātkriyāvasāna ava vedārtha | taṃ yajñapātrairdahantītyantyakarmaśravaṇājjarāmaryaśravaṇācca liṅgācca bhasmāntaṃ śarīramiti | na hi pārivrājyapakṣe bhasmāntatā śarīrasya syāt | smṛtiśca-"niṣekādiśmaśānānto mantrairyasyodito vidhiḥ | tasyā śāstre 'dhikāro 'smiñjñeyo nānyasya kasyacit"iti | samantrakaṃ hi yatkarma vedeneha vidhīyate tasya śmaśānāntatāṃ darśayati smṛtiḥ | adhikārābhāvapradarśanāccātyantameva śrutyadhikārābhāvo 'karmiṇo gamyate | agnyudvāsanāpavādācca 'vīrahā vā eṣa devānāṃ yo 'gnimudvāsayate' iti | nanu vyutthānādivijhadhānādvaikalpikaṃ kriyāvasānatvaṃ vedārthasya | na | anyārthatvādvyutthānādiśrutīnām | 'yāvajjīvamannihotraṃ juhoti'"yājjīvaṃ darśapūrṇamāsābhyāṃ yajeta"ityevamādīnāṃ śrutīnāṃ jīvanamātranimittatvādyadā na śakyate 'nyārthatā kalpayituṃ tadā vyutthānādivākyānāṃ karmānadhikṛtaviṣayatvasaṃbhavāt | "kurvanneveha karmāṇi jijīvaṣecchataṃ samāḥ"iti ca mantravarṇājjarayā vā hyevāsmānmucyate mṛtyunā veti ca jarāmṛtyubhyāmanyatra karmaviyogācchidrāsaṃbhavātkarmiṇāṃ śmaśānāntatvaṃ na vaikalpikam | kāṇakubjādayo 'pi karmaṇyanadhikṛtā anugrāhyā eva śrutyeti vyutthānādyāśramāntaravidhānaṃ nānupapannam | pārivrājyākramavidhānasyānavakāśatvamiti cet | na | viśvajitsarvamedhayoryāvajjīvavidhyapavādatvāt | yāvajjīvāgnihotrādividherviśvajitsarvamedhayorevāpavādastatra ca kramapratipattisaṃbhavo"brahmacaryaṃ samāpya gṛhī bhavedgṛhādvanī bhutvā pravrajedi"ti virodhānupapatteḥ | na hyevaṃviṣayatve pārivrājyakamavidhānavākyasya kaścidvirodhaḥ kramapratipatteḥ | anyaviṣayaparikalpanāyāṃ kaścidbādhaḥ | nā'tmajñānasyāmṛtatvahetutvābhyupagamāt | yattāvadātmetyevopāsītetyārabhya sa eṣa neti netyetadantena granthena yadupasaṃhṛtamātmajñānaṃ tadamṛtatvasādhanamityabhyupagataṃ bhavatā | tatraitāvadevāmṛtatvasādhanamanyanirapekṣamityetanna mṛṣyate | tatra bhavantaṃ pṛcchāmi kimarthamātmajñānaṃ marṣayati bhavāniti | śṛṇu tatra kāraṇaṃ yathāsvargakāmasya svargaprāptyupāyamajānato 'gnihotrādi svargasādhanamabhyupagamyate tathehāpyātmajñānam | yathā jñāpyate tatābhūtamevāmṛtatvasādhanamātmajñānamabhyupagantuṃ yuktam tulyaprāmāṇyādubhayatra | yadyevaṃ kiṃ syāt | sarvakarmahetūpamardakatvādātmajñānasya vidyodbhave karmanivṛttiḥ syāt | dārāgnisaṃbaddhānāṃ tāvadagnihotrādikarmaṇāṃ bhedabuddhiviṣayasaṃpradānakārakasādhyatvam | anyabuddhiparacchedyāṃ hyagnyādidevatāṃ saṃpradānakārakabhūtāmantreṇa na hi tatkarma nirvartyate | yayā hi saṃpradānakārakabuddhyā saṃpradānakārakaṃ karmasādhanatvenopadiśyate seha vidyayā nivartyate"anyo 'sāvanyo 'hamasmīti na sa veda" "devāstaṃ parāduryo 'nyatrā'tmano devānveda" "mṛtyo sa mṛtyumāpnoti ya iha nāneva paśyati" "ekadhaivānudraṣṭavyaṃ sarvamātmānaṃ paśyati"ityādiśrutibhyaḥ | na ca deśakālanimitta dyapekṣatvaṃ vyavasthitātmavastuviṣayatvādātmajñānasya | kriyāyāstu puruṣatantratvātsyāddeśakālanimittādyepekṣatvam | jñānaṃ tu vastutantratvānna deśakālanimittādyapekṣate | yathāgniruṣṇa ākāśo 'mūrta iti tathā'tmavijñānamapu | nanvevaṃ sati prāmāṇabhūtasya karvidhernirodhaḥ syāt | na ca tulyapramāṇayoritaretaranirodho yuktaḥ | na | svābhāvikabhedabuddhimātranirodhakatvāt | na hi vidhyantaranirodhakamātmajñānam svābhāvikabhedabuddhimātraṃ niruṇaddhi | tathāpi hetvapahārātkarmānupapattervidhainirodha eva syāditi cet | na | kāmapratiṣedhātkāmyapravṛttinirodhavadadoṣāt | yathā svargakāmo yajeteti svargasādhane yāge pravṛttasya kāmapratiṣevidheḥ kāme vihate kāmyayāgānuṣṭhānapravṛttirnirudhyate | na caitāvatā kāmyavidhirniruddho bhavati | kāmapratiṣedhavidhinā kāmyavidheranarkatvajñānātpravṛtyanupapattiriti cet | ananuṣṭheyatve 'nuṣṭhāturabhāvādanuṣṭhānavidhyānarthakyādaprāmāṇyameva karmavidhīnāmiti cet | na | prāgātmajñānātpravṛtyupapatteḥ svābhāvikasya kriyākārakaphalabhedavijñānasya prāgātmajñānātkarmahetutvamupapadyata eva | yathā kāmaviṣaye doṣavijñānotpatteḥ prākkāmyakarmapravṛttihetutvaṃ syādeva svargādīcchāyāḥ svābhāvikyāstadvāt | tathā satyanarthārtho veda iti cet | na | arthānarthayorabhiprātatantratvāt | mokṣamekaṃ varjayitvānyasyāvidyāviṣayatvāta | puruṣābhiprāyatantrau hyārthānarthau | maraṇādikāmyeṣṭadarśanāt | tasmādyāvadātmajñānavidherābhimukhyaṃ tāvadeva karmavidhaya | tasmānnā'tmajñānasahabhāvitvaṃ karmaṇāmityataḥ siddhamātmajñānamevāmṛtatvasādhanametāvadare khalvamṛtatvamiti | karmanirapekṣatvājjñānasya | ato viduṣastāvatpārivrājyaṃ siddhaṃ saṃpradānādikarmakārakajātyādiśūnyāvikriyabrahmātmadṛḍhapratipattimātreṇa vacanamantareṇāpyuktanyāyataḥ | tathāca vyākhyātametat"yeṣāṃ no 'yamātmāyaṃ loka"iti hotuvacanena | pūrve vidvāsaḥ prajāmakāmayamānā vyuttiṣṭhantīti pārivrājyaṃ viduṣāmātmalokāvabodhādeva | tathāca vividiṣorapu siddhaṃ pārivrājyam | "etamevā'tmānaṃ lokamicchantaḥ pravrajanti"iti vacanāt | karmaṇāṃ cāvidvadviṣayatvamavocāma |
avidyāviṣaye cotpatyāptivikārasaṃskārthāni karmāṇītyataḥ ātmasaṃskāradvaireṇā'tmajñānasādhanatvamapi karmaṇāmavocāma yajñādibhirvividaṣantīti |
athaita satyavidviṣayāṇāmāśramakarmaṇāṃ balābalavicāraṇāyāmātmajñānotpādanaṃ prati yamapradhānānāmamānitvādīnāṃ mānasānāṃ ca dhyānajñānavairāgyādīnāṃ sannipatyopakāratvam |
hiṃsārāgadveṣādibāhulyādbahukliṣṭakarmavimiśritā itara ityataḥ pārivrājyaṃ mumukṣūṇāṃ praśaṃsanti-"tyāga eva hi sarveṣāmuktānāmapi karmaṇām |
vairāgyaṃ punaretasya mokṣasya paramo 'vadhiḥ" ||
"kiṃ te dhanena kimu bandhubhiste kiṃ te dārairbrāhmaṇa yo mariṣyasi |
ātmānamanviccha guhā praviṣṭaṃ pitāmahāste kva gatāḥ pitā ca ||
"evaṃ sākhyayogaśāstreṣu ca saṃnyāso jñānaṃ prati pratyāsanna ucyate | kāmapravṛttyabhāvācca | kāmapravṛtterhi jñānapratikūlatā sarvaśāstreṣu prasiddhā | tasmādviraktasya mumukṣorvināpi jñānena brahmacaryādeva pravrajedityādyūpapannam | nanu sāvakāśatvādanadhikṛtaviṣayametadityuktaṃ yāvajjīvaśrutyuparodhāt | naiṣa doṣaḥ | nitarāṃ sāvakāśatvādyāvajjīvaśrutīnām | avadvitkāmikartavyatā hyavocāma sarvakarmaṇām | na tu nirapekṣameva jīvananimittameva kartavyaṃ karma | prāyeṇahi puruṣāḥ kāmabahulāḥ | kāmaścānekaviṣayo 'nekakarmasādhanasādhyaśca | anekaphalasādhanāni ca vaidikāni karmāṇi dārāgnisaṃbandhapuruṣakartavyānu punaḥ punaścānuṣṭhīyamānānu bahuphalānu kṛṣyādivadvarṣaśatasamāptīni ca gārhasthye vāraṇye vātastadapekṣayā yāvajjīvaśrutayaḥ | 'kurvanneveha karmāṇi' iti ca mantravarṇaḥ | tasmiṃśca pakṣe viśvajitsarvamedhayoḥ karmaparityāgaḥ | yasmiṃśca pakṣe yāvajjīvānuṣṭhānaṃ tadā śmaśānāntatvaṃ bhasmāntatā ca śarīrasya | itaravarṇāpekṣayā vā yāvajjīvaśrutiḥ | na hi kṣattriyavaiśyayo pārivrājyapratipattirasti | tathā 'mantrairyasyodito vidhiḥ' |
'aikāśramyaṃ tvācāryā' ityevamādīnāṃ kṣatriyavaiśyāpekṣatvam |
tasmātpuruśasāmarthayajñānavairāgyakāmādyapekṣayā vyutthānavikalpakramapārivrājyapripattaprakārā na virudhyante |
anadhikṛtānāṃ ca pṛthagvidhānātpārivrājyas 'snātako vāsnātako votsannāgniranagniko ve'tyādinā |
tasmātsiddhāśramāntarāṇyadhikṛtānāmeva ||4,5.15||
iti pañcamaṃ brāhmaṇam ||

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