Bibliotheca Polyglotta

Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣat

Complete text

śvetaketur vā āruṇeyaḥ pancālānāṃ pariṣadam ājagāma | sa ājagāma jaivaliṃ pravāhaṇaṃ paricārayamāṇam | tam udīkṣyābhyuvāda kumārā3 iti | sa bho3 iti pratiśuśrāva | anuśiṣṭo nv asi pitreti | om iti hovāca ||

1. SECOND BRÂHMANA
Svetaketu Âruneya went to the settlement of the Pañkâlas. He came near to Pravâhana Gaivali, who was walking about (surrounded by his men). As soon as he (the king) saw him, he said: 'My boy!' Svetaketu replied: 'Sir!' Then the king said: 'Have you been taught by your father!' 'Yes,' he replied.

śvetaketurha vā āruṇeyaḥ ityasya saṃbandhaḥ | khilādhikāro 'yaṃ tatra yadanuktaṃ taducyate | saptamādhyāyānte jñānakarmasamuccayakāriṇāgnermārgayācanaṃ kṛtam-agne naya supatheti | tatrānekeṣāṃ pathāṃ sadbhāvo mantreṇa sāmarthyātpradarśitaḥ | supatheti viśeṣaṇāt | panthānaśca kṛtavipākapratipattimārgāḥ | vakṣyati ca yatkṛtvetyādi | tatra ca kati karmavipākapratipattimārgā iti sarvasaṃsāragatyupasaṃhārārtho 'yamārambhaḥ | etāvatī hi saṃsāragatiḥ | etāvānkarmaṇo vipākaḥ svābhāvikasya śāsrīyasya ca savijñānasyeti | yadyapi dvayā ha prājāpatyā ityatra svābhāvikaḥ pāpmā sūcitaḥ | na ca tasyedaṃ kāryamiti vipākaḥ pradarśitaḥ | śāsrīyasyaiva tu vipākaḥ pradarśitastryannātmapratipattyantena | brahmavidyārambhe tadvairāgyasya vivakṣitatvāt | tatrāpi kevalena karmaṇā pitṛloko vidyayā vidyāsaṃyuktena ca karmaṇā devaloka ityuktam | tatra kena mārgeṇa pitṛlokaṃ pratipadyate kena vā devalokamiti noktam | tacceha khilaprakaraṇe 'śeṣato vaktavyamityata ārabhyate | ante ca sarvopasaṃhāraḥ śāsrasyeṣṭaḥ | api caitāvadamṛtatvamityuktaṃ na karmaṇo 'mṛtatvāśāstīti ca tatra heturnoktastadarthaścāyamārambhaḥ | yasmādiyaṃ karmaṇo gatirna nitye 'mṛtatve vyāpāro 'sti tasmādetāvadevāmṛtatvasādhanamiti sāmarthyāddhetutvaṃ saṃpadyate | api coktamagnihotre na tvevainayostvamutkrātiṃ na gatiṃ na pratiṣṭhāṃ na tṛptiṃ na punarāvṛtiṃ na lokaṃ pratyutthāyinaṃ vettheti | tatra prativacane te vā ete āhutī hute utkrāmata ityādinā āhuteḥ kāryamuktam | taccaitatkarturāhutilakṣaṇasya karmaṇaḥ phalam | na hi kartāramanāśrityā'hutilakṣaṇasya karmaṇaḥ svātantryeṇotkrāntyādikāryārambha upapadyate | kartrarthatvātkarmaṇaḥ kāryārambhasya | sādhanāśrayatvācca karmaṇaḥ | tatrāgnihotrastutyarthatvādagnihotrasyaiva kāryamityuktaṃ ṣaṭ prakāramapi | iha tu tadeva kartuḥ phalamityupadiśyate | ṣaṭprakāramapi karmaphalavijñānasya vivakṣitatvāt | taddvāreṇa ca pañcāgnidarśanamihottaramārgapratipattisādhanaṃ vidhitsitam | evamaśeṣasaṃsāragatyupasaṃhāraḥ | karmakāṇḍasyaiṣā niṣṭhetyetaddvayaṃ didarśayiṣurākhyāyikāṃ praṇayati | śvetaketurnāmato 'ruṇasyāpatyamāruṇistasyāpatyamāruṇeyaḥ | haśabda aitihyārthaḥ | vai niścayārthaḥ | pitrānuśiṣṭaḥ sannātmano yaśaḥprathanāya pañcālānāṃ pariṣadamāgatya jitvā rājño 'pi pariṣadaṃ jeṣyāmīti garveṇa sa ājagāma | jīvalasyāpatyaṃ jevaliṃ pañcālarājaṃ pravāhaṇanāmānaṃsvabhṛtyaiḥ paricārayamāṇamātmanaḥ paricaraṇaṃ kārayantamityetat | sa rājā pūrvameva tasya vidyābhimānagarvaṃ śrutvā vinetavyo 'yamiti matvā tamudīkṣyotprekṣyā'gatamātramevābhyuvādābhyuktavānkumārā3iti saṃbodhya | bhartsanārthā plutiḥ |
evamuktaḥ sa pratiśuśrāva bho3iti |
bho3ityapratirūpamapi kṣattriyaṃ pratyuktavānkruddhaḥ san |
anuśiṣṭo 'nuśāsito 'si bhavasi kiṃ pitretyuvāca rājā |
pratyāhetara oṃmiti bāḍhamanuśiṣṭo 'smi pṛccha yadi saṃśayaste || 1 ||

vettha yathemāḥ prajāḥ prayatyo vipratipadyantā3 iti | neti hovāca | vettho yathemaṃ lokaṃ punar āpadyantā3 iti | neti haivovāca | vettho yathāsau loka evaṃ bahubhiḥ punaḥ punaḥ prayadbhir na saṃpūryatā3 iti | neti haivovāca | vettho yatithyām āhutyāṃ hutāyām āpaḥ puruṣavāco bhūtvā samutthāya vadantī3 iti | neti haivovāca | vettho devayānasya vā pathaḥ pratipadaṃ pitṛyāṇasya vā | yat kṛtvā devayānaṃ vā panthānaṃ pratipadyante pitṛyāṇaṃ vā | api hi na ṛṣer vacaḥ śrutaṃ -- dve sṛtī aśṛṇavaṃ pitṝṇām ahaṃ devānām uta martyānām | tābhyām idaṃ viśvam ejat sameti yad antarā pitaraṃ mātaraṃ ceti | nāham ata ekaṃ cana vedeti hovāca ||

2. The king said: 'Do you know how men, when they depart from here, separate from each other?' 'No,' he replied. 'Do you know how they come back to this world?' 'No,' he replied. 'Do you know how that world does never become full with the many who again and again depart thither?' 'No,' he replied. 'Do you know at the offering of which libation the waters become endowed with a human voice and rise and speak?' 'No,' he replied. 'Do you know the access to the path leading to the Devas and to the path leading to the Fathers, i.e. by what deeds men gain access to the path leading to the Devas or to that leading to the Fathers? For we have heard even the saying of a Rishi: "I heard of two paths for men, one leading to the Fathers, the other leading to the Devas. On those paths all that lives moves on, whatever there is between father (sky) and mother (earth)."' Svetaketu said: 'I do not know even one of all these questions.'

yadyevaṃ vettha vijānāsi kiṃ yathā yena prakāreṇemāḥ prajāḥ prasiddhāḥ prayatyo mriyamāṇā vipratipadyantā3iti vipratipadyante vicāraṇārthā plutiḥ | samānena mārgeṇa gacchantīnāṃ mārgadvaividhyaṃ yatra kāścitprajā anyena mārgeṇa gacchanti kāścidanyeneti vipratipattiḥ | yathā tāḥ prajā vipratipadyante tatkiṃ vetthetyarthaḥ | neti hovācetaraḥ | tarhi vettha u yathemaṃ lokaṃ punarāpadyantā3iti punarāpadyante yathā punarāgacchantīmaṃ lokam | neti haivovāca śvetaketuḥ | vettho yathāsau lokaḥ evaṃ prasiddhena nyāyena punaḥ punarasakṛtprayadbhirmariyamāṇairyathāyena prakāreṇa na saṃpūryatā3iti na saṃpūryate 'sau lokastatkiṃ vettha | neti haivovāca | vettho yatithyāṃ yatsaṃkhyākāyāmāhutyāmāhutau hutāyāmāpaḥ puruṣavācaḥ puruṣasya yā vāksaiva yāsāṃ vāktāḥ puruṣavāco bhūtvā puruṣaśabdavācyā vā bhūtvā | yadā puruṣākārapariṇatāstadā puruṣavāco bhavanti | samutthāya samyagutthāyodbhūtāḥ satyo vadantī3iti | neti haivovāca | puruṣākārapariṇatāstadā puruṣavāco bhavanti | samutthāya samyagutthāyodbhūtāḥ satyo vadantī3iti | neti haivovāca | yadyevaṃ vettha u devayānasya patho mārgasya pratipadaṃ pratipadyate yena sā pratipattāṃ pratipadaṃ pitṛyāṇasya vā pratipadaṃ pratipacchabdavācyamarthamāha | yatkarma kṛtvā yathāviśiṣṭaṃ karma kṛtvetyarthaḥ | devayānaṃ vā panthānaṃ mārgaṃ pratipadyante pitṛyāṇaṃ vā yatkarma kṛtvā pratidyante tatkarma pratipadicyate tāṃ pratipadaṃ kiṃ vettha devalokapitṛlokapratipattisādhanaṃ kiṃ vetthetyarthaḥ | apyatrāsyārthasya prakāśakamṛṣermantrasya vaco vākyaṃ naḥ śrutamasti | mantro 'pyasyārthasya prakāśako vidyata ityarthaḥ | ko 'sau mantra iti | ucyate-dve sṛtī dvau mārgāvaśṛṇavaṃ śṛtavānasmi tayorekā pitṛṇāṃ prāpikā pitṛlokasaṃbaddhā tayā sṛtyā pitṛlokaṃ prāpnotītyarthaḥ | ahamaśṛṇavamiti vyavahitena saṃbandhaḥ | devānāmutāpi devānāṃ saṃbandhinyanyā devānprāpayati sā | ke punarubhābhyāṃ sṛtibhyāṃ pitṝndevāṃśca gacchantīti | ucyate-utāpi martyānāṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ saṃbandhinyau manuṣyā eva hi sṛtibhyāṃ gacchantītyarthaḥ | tābhyāṃ sṛtihyāmidaṃ viśvaṃ samastametadgacchatsameti saṃgacchate | te ca dve sṛtī yadantarā yayorantarā yadantarā pitaraṃ mātaraṃ ca mātāpitrorantarā madhya ityarthaḥ |
kau tau mātāpitarau dyāvāpṛthivyāvaṇḍakapāle |
iyaṃ vai mātāsau piteti hi vyākhyātaṃ brāhmaṇena |
aṇḍakapālayormadhye saṃsāraviṣaye evaite sṛtī nā'tyantikāmṛtatvagamanāya |
itara āha-nāhamato 'smātpraśnasamudāyādekañcanaikamapi praśnaṃ na veda nāhaṃ vedeti hovāca śvetaketuḥ || 2 ||

athainaṃ vasatyopamantrayāṃ cakre | anādṛtya vasatiṃ kumāraḥ pradudrāva | sa ājagāma pitaram | taṃ hovāca -- iti vāva kila no bhavān purānuśiṣṭān avoca iti | katham sumedha iti | pañca mā praśnān rājanyabandhur aprākṣīt | tato naikaṃ cana vedeti | katame ta iti | ima iti ha pratīkāny udājahāra ||

3. Then the king invited him to stay and accept his hospitality. But the boy, not caring for hospitality, ran away, went back to his father, and said: 'Thus then you called me formerly well-instructed!' The father said: 'What then, you sage?' The son replied: 'That fellow of a Râganya asked me five questions, and I did not know one of them.' 'What were they?' said the father. 'These were they,' the son replied, mentioning the different heads.

athānantaramapanīya vidyābhimānagarvamenaṃ prakṛtaṃ śvetaketuṃ vasatyā vasatiprayojanenopamantrayāñcakre | iha vasantu bhavantaḥ pādyamarpyaṃ cā'nīyatāmityupamantraṇaṃ kṛtavānrājā | anādṛtya tāṃ vasatiṃ kumāraḥ śvetaketuḥ pradudrāva pratigatavānpitaraṃ prati | sa cā'jagāma pitaramāgatya covāca taṃ kathamiti vāva kilaivaṃ kila no 'smānbhavānpurā samāvagatavānpitaraṃ prati | sa cā'jagāma pitaramāgatya covāca taṃ kathamiti vāva kilaivaṃ kila no 'smānbhavānpurā samāvartanakāle 'nuśiṣṭānsarvābhirvidyābhiravoco 'vocaditi | sopālambhaṃ putrasya vacaḥ śrutvā'ha pitā | katha kena prakāreṇa tava duḥkhamupajātaṃ he sumedhaḥ śobhanā medhā yasyeti sumedhāḥ |
śṛṇu mama yathā vṛttaṃ pañca pañcasaṃkhyākānpraśnānmā māṃ rājanyabandhū rājanyā bandhavo yasyeti |
paribhavavacanametadrājanyabandhuriti |
aprākṣītpṛṣṭavāṃstatastasmānnaikañcanaikamapi na veda na vijñātavānasmi |
katame te rājñāḥ pṛṣṭāḥ praśnā iti pitroktaḥ putra ime ta iti ha pratīkāni mukhāni praśnānāmudājahārodāhṛtavān || 3 ||

sa hovāca -- tathā nas tvaṃ tata jānīthā yathā yad ahaṃ kiṃca veda sarvam ahaṃ tat tubham avocam | prehi tu tatra | pratītya brahmacaryaṃ vatsyāva iti | bhavān eva gacchatv iti | sa ājagāma gautamo yatra pravāhaṇasya jaivaler āsa | tasmā āsanam āhṛtyodakam āhārayāṃ cakāra | atha hāsmā arghyaṃ cakāra | taṃ hovāca -- varaṃ bhagavate gautamāya dadma iti ||

4. The father said: 'You know me, child, that whatever I know, I told you. But come, we shall go thither, and dwell there as students.' 'You may go, Sir,' the son replied. Then Gautama went where (the place of) Pravâhana Gaivali was, and the king offered him a seat, ordered water for him, and gave him the proper offerings. Then he said to him: 'Sir, we offer a boon to Gautama.'

sa hovāca pitā putraṃ kruddhamupaśamayaṃstathā tena prakāreṇa no 'smāṃstvaṃ he tāta vatsa jānīthā gṛhṇīthā yathā yadahaṃ kiñca vijñānajātaṃ veda sarvaṃ tatubhyamavocamityeva jānīthāḥ | ko 'nyo mama priyataro 'sti tvatto yadarthaṃrakṣiṣye | ahamapyetanna jānāmi yadrājñā pṛṣṭam | tasmātprehyāgaccha tatra pratītya gatvā rājñi brahmacaryaṃ vatsyāvo vidyārthamiti | sa āha bhavāneva gacchatviti nāhaṃ tasya mukhaṃ nirīkṣitumutsahe |
sa ājagāma gautamo gotrato gautama āruṇiryatra pravāhaṇasya jaivalerāsā'sanamāsthāyikā ṣaṣṭhīdvayaṃ prathamamāsthāne |
tasmai gautamāyā'gatāyā'sanamanurūpamāhṛtyodakaṃ bhṛtyairāhārayāñcakāra |
atha hāsmā ardhyaṃ purodhasā kṛtavānmantravanmadhuparkaṃ ca |
kṛtvā caivaṃ pūjāṃ taṃ hovāca varaṃ bhagavate gautamāya tubhyaṃ dadbha iti gośvādilakṣaṇam || 4 ||

sa hovāca -- pratijñato ma eṣa varaḥ | yāṃ tu kumārasyānte vācam abhāṣathās tāṃ me brūhīti ||

5. Gautama said: 'That boon is promised to me; tell me the same speech which you made in the presence of my boy.'

sa hovāca gautamaḥ pratijñāto me mamaiṣa varastvayāsyāṃ pratijñāyāṃ dṛḍhī kurvātmānaṃ yāṃ tu vācaṃ kumārasya mama putrasyānte samīpe vācamabhāṣathāḥ praśnarūpāṃ tāmeva me brūhi sa eva no vara iti || 5 ||

sa hovāca -- daiveṣu vai gautama tad vareṣu | mānuṣāṇāṃ brūhīti ||

6. He said: 'That belongs to divine boons, name one of the human boons.'

sa hovāca rājā daiveṣu vareṣu tadvai gautama yastvaṃ prārthayase mānuṣāṇāmanyatamaṃ prārthaya varam || 6 ||

sa hovāca -- vijñāyate hāstihiraṇyasyāpāttaṃ goaśvānāṃ dāsīnāṃ pravārāṇāṃ paridhānasya | mā no bhavān bahor anantasyāparyantasyābhyavadānyo bhūd iti | sa vai gautama tīrthenecchasā iti | upaimy ahaṃ bhavantam iti | vācā ha smaiva pūrva upayanti | sa hopāyanakīrtyovāsa ||

7. He said: 'You know well that I have plenty of gold, plenty of cows, horses, slaves, attendants, and apparel; do not heap on me what I have already in plenty, in abundance, and superabundance.' The king said: 'Gautama, do you wish (for instruction from me) in the proper way?' Gautama replied: 'I come to you as a pupil.' In word only have former sages (though Brahmans) come as pupils (to people of lower rank), but Gautama actually dwelt as a pupil (of Pravâhana, who was a Râganya) in order to obtain the fame of having respectfully served his master.

sa hovāca gautamo bhavatāpi vijñāyate ha mamāsti saḥ | na tena prārthitena kṛtyaṃ mama yaṃ tvaṃ ditsasi mānuṣaṃ varam | yasmānmamāpyasti hiraṇyasya prabhūtasyāpāttaṃ prāptaṃ go'aśvānānāmāpāttamastīti sarvatrānuṣaṅgo dāsīnāṃ pravārāṇāṃ parivārāṇāṃ paridhānasya ca | na ca yanmama vidyamānaṃ tattvattaḥ prārthanīyaṃ tvayā vā deyam | pratijñātaśca varastvayā tvameva jānīṣe yadatra yuktaṃ pratijñā rakṣaṇīyā taveti | mama punarayamabhiprāyo mā bhūnno 'smānabhyasmāneva kevalānprati bhavānsarvatra vadānyo bhūtvāvadānyo mā bhūtkadaryo mā bhūdityarthaḥ | bahoḥ prabhūtasyānantasyānantaphalasyetyetat | aparyantasyāparisamāptikasya putrapautrādigāmikasyetyetat | īdṛśasya vittasya māṃ pratyeva kevalamādātā mā bhūdbhavān | na cānyatrādeyamasti bhavataḥ |
evamukta āha-sa tvaṃ vai he gautama tīrthena nyāyena śāsravihitena vidyāṃ matta icchāsā icchānvāptumityukto gautama āha-upaimyupagacchāmi śiṣyatvenāhaṃ bhavantamiti |
vācā ha smaiva kila pūrva brāhmaṇāḥ kṣattriyānvidyārthinaḥ santo vaiśyānvā kṣattriyā vā vaiśyānāpadyupayanti śiṣyavṛttyā hyupacchanti nopāyanaśuśrūṣādibiḥ |
ataḥ |
sa gautamo hopāyanakortyopagamanakīrtanamātreṇaivovāsoṣitavānnopāyanaṃ cakāra || 7 ||

sa hovāca -- tathā nas tvam gautama māparādhās tava ca pitāmahāḥ | yatheyaṃ vidyetaḥ pūrvaṃ na kasmiṃś cana brāhmana uvāsa | tāṃ tv ahaṃ tubhyaṃ vakṣyāmi | ko hi tvaivaṃ bruvantam arhati pratyākhyātum iti ||

8. The king said: 'Do not be offended with us, neither you nor your forefathers, because this knowledge has before now never dwelt with any Brâhmana. But I shall tell it to you, for who could refuse you when you speak thus?

evaṃ gautamenā'padantara ukte sa hovāca rājā pīḍitaṃ matvā kṣāmayaṃstathā no 'smānprati māparādhā aparādhaṃ mā kārṣīrasmadīyo 'parādho na grahītavya ityarthaḥ |
tava ca pitāmahā asmatpitāmaheṣu yatāparādhaṃ na jagṛhustathā pitāmahānāṃ vṛttamasmāsvapi bhavatā rakṣaṇīyamityarthaḥ |
yatheyaṃ vidyā tvayā prārthitetastvatsaṃpradānātpūrvaṃ prāṅna kasminnapi brāhmaṇa uvāsoṣitavatītathā tvamapi jānīṣe sarvadā kṣattriyaparamparayeyaṃ vidyā'gatā sā sthitirmayāpi rakṣaṇīyā yadi śakyata ityuktaṃ daiveṣu gautama tadvareṣu mānuṣāṇāṃ brūhīti na punastavādeyo vara itītaḥ para na śakyate rakṣitum |
tāmapi vidyāmahaṃ tubhyaṃ vakṣyāmi ko hyanyo 'pi hi yasmādevaṃ bruvantaṃ tvāmarhati pratyākhyātuṃ na vakṣyāmīti |
ahaṃ punaḥ kathaṃ na vakṣye tubhyamiti || 8 ||

asau vai loko 'gnir gautama | tasyāditya eva samit | raśmayo dhūmaḥ | ahar arciḥ | diśo 'ṅgārāḥ | avāntaradiśo viṣphuliṅgāḥ | tasminn etasminn agnau devāḥ śraddhāṃ juhvati | tasyā āhutyai somo rājā saṃbhavati ||

9. 'The altar (fire), O Gautama, is that world (heaven) 2; the fuel is the sun itself, the smoke his rays, the light the day, the coals the quarters, the sparks the intermediate quarters. On that altar the Devas offer the sraddhâ libation (consisting of water 3). From that oblation rises Soma, the king (the moon).

asau vai loko 'gnirgotametyādicaturthaḥ praśnaḥ prāthamyena nirṇīyate | kramabhaṅgastvetannirṇayāyattatvāditaraprasnanirṇayasya | asau dyaurloko 'gnirhe gautama dyuloke 'gnidṛṣṭiranagnau vidhīyate yathā yoṣitpuruṣayostasya dyulokāgnerāditya eva samitsamindhanāt | ādityena hi samidhyate 'sau lokaḥ | raśmayo dhūmaḥ samidha uththānasāmānyāt | ādityāddhi raśmayo nirgatāḥ | samidhaśca dhūmo loka uttiṣṭhati | ahararciḥ prakāśasāmānyāt | diśo 'ṅgārā upaśamasāmānyāt | avāntaradiṣo visphuliṅgā visphuliṅgavadvikṣepāt | tasminnetasminnevaṅguṇaviśiṣṭe dyulokāgnau devā indrādayaḥ śraddhāṃ juhvatyāhutidravyasthānīyāṃ prakṣipanti | tasyā āhutyā āhuteḥ somo rājā pitṝṇāṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ ca saṃbhavati | tatra ke devāḥ kathaṃ juhvati kiṃvā śraddhākhyaṃ havirityata uktamasmābhiḥ saṃbandhe | na tvevainayostvamutkrāntimityādipadārthaṣaṭkanirṇayārthamagnihotra uktam | te vā ete agnihotrāhutī hute satyāvutkrāmataḥ | te antarikṣamāviśataḥ | te antarikṣamāhavanīyaṃ kurvāte vāyuṃ samidhaṃ marīcīreva śukrāmāhutim | te antarikṣantarpayataḥ | te tata utkrāmataḥ | te divamāviśataḥ | te divamāhavanīyaṃ kurvāte ādityaṃ samidhamityevamādyuktam | tatrāgnihotrāhutī sasādhane evotkrāmataḥ | yatheha yaiḥ sādhanairviśiṣṭe ye jñāyete āhavanīyāgnisamiddhūmāṅgāravisphuliṅgāhutidravyaiste tathaivotkrāmato 'smāllokādamuṃ lokam | tatrāgniragnitvena samitsamittvena dhūmo dhūmatvenāṅgārā aṅgāratvena visphuliṅgatvenā'hutidravyamapi paya ādyāhutidravyatvenaiva sargādāvavyākṛtāvasthāyāmapi pareṇasūkṣmeṇā'tmanā vyavatiṣṭhate | tadvidyamānameva sasādhanamagnihotralakṣaṇaṃ karmāpūrveṇā'tmanā vyavasthitaṃ sattatpunarvyākaraṇakāle tathaivāntarikṣādīnāmāhavanīyādyagnyādibhāvaṃ kurvadvipariṇamate | tathaivedānīmapyagnihotrākhyaṃ karma | evamagnihotrāhutyapūrvavipariṇāmātmakaṃ jagatsarvamityāhutyoreva stutyarthatvenotkrāntyādyā lokaṃ pratyutthāyināntāḥ ṣaṭ padārthāḥ karmaprakaraṇe 'dhastānnirṇītāḥ | iha tu kartuḥ karmavivakṣāyāṃ dyulokāgnyādyārabhya pañcāgnidarśanamuttaramārgapratipattisādhanaṃ viśiṣṭakarmaphalopabhogāya vidhitsitamiti dyulokāgnyādidarśanaṃ prastūyate | tatra ya ādhyātmikāḥ prāṇā ihāgnihotrasya hotārasta evā'dhidaivikatvena pariṇatāḥ santa indrādayo bhavanti ta eva tatra hotāro dyulokāgnau | te cehāgnihotrasya phalabhogāyāgnihotraṃ hutavantaḥ | ta eva phalapariṇāmakāle 'pi tatphalabhoktṛtvāttatra tatra hotṛtvaṃ pratipadyante tathā tathā vipariṇamamānā devaśabdavācyāḥ santaḥ | atra ca yatpayodravyamagnihotrakarmāśrayabhūtamihā'havanīye prakṣiptamagninā bhakṣitamadṛṣṭena sūkṣmema rūpeṇa vipariṇataṃ saha kartrā yajamānenāmuṃ lokaṃ dhūmādikrameṇāntarikṣāddyulokamāviśati | tāḥ sūkṣmā āpa āhutikāryabhūtā agnihotrasamavāyinyaḥ kartṛsahitāḥ śraddhāśabdavācyāḥ somaloke kartuḥ śarīrāntarārambhāya dyulokaṃ praviśantyo hūyante ityucyante | tāstatra dyulokaṃ praviśya somamaṇḍale kartuḥ śarīramārabhante | tadetaducyate devāḥ śraddhāṃ juhvati tasyā āhutyai somo rājā saṃbhavatīti | "śraddhā vā āpaḥ"iti śruteḥ | vettha yatithyāmāhutyāṃ hutāyāmāpaḥ puruṣavāco bhūtvā samutthāya vadantoti praśnastasya ca nirṇayaviṣaye 'sau vai loko 'gniriti prastutam | tasmādāpaḥ karmasamāvāyinyaḥ kartuḥ śarīrārambhikāḥ śraddhāśabdavācyā iti niścīyate | bhūyastvādāpaḥ puruṣavāca iti vyapadeśo na tvitarāṇi bhūtāni na santīti | karmaprayuktaśca śarīrārambhaḥ | karma cāpsamavāyi | tataścāpāṃ prādhānyaṃ śarīrakartṛtve | tena cā'paḥ puruṣavāca iti vyapadeśaḥ |
karmakṛto hi janmārambhaḥ sarvatra |
tatra yadyapyagnihotrāhutistutidvāreṇotkrāntyādayaḥ prastutāḥ ṣaṭpadārthā agnihotre tathāpi vaidikāni sarvāṇyeva karmāṇyagnihotraprabhṛtīni lakṣyante |
dārāgnisaṃbaddhaṃ hi pāṅktaṃ karma prastutyoktam-karmaṇā pitṛloka iti |
vakṣyati ca-atha ye yajñena dānena tapasā lokāñjayantīti || 9 ||

parjanyo vā agnir gautama | tasya saṃvatsara eva samit | abhrāṇi dhūmaḥ | vidyud arciḥ | aśanir aṅgārāḥ | hrādunayo viṣphuliṅgāḥ | tasminn etasminn agnau devāḥ somaṃ rājānaṃ juhvati | tasyā āhutyai vṛṣṭiḥ saṃbhavati ||

10. 'The altar, O Gautama, is Parganya (the god of rain); the fuel is the year itself, the smoke the clouds, the light the lightning, the coals the thunderbolt, the sparks the thunderings. On that altar the Devas offer Soma, the king (the moon). From that oblation rises rain.

parjanyo vā agnirgautama dvitīya āhutyādhāra āhutyorāvṛttikrameṇa | parjanyo nāma vṛṣṭyupakaraṇābhimānī devatātmā | tasya saṃvatsara eva samit | saṃvatsareṇa hi śaradādibhirgrīṣmāntaiḥ svāvayavairvaparivartamānena parjanyo 'gnirdīpyate | abhrāṇi dhūmaḥ | dhūmaprabhavatvāddhūmavadupalakṣyatvādvā | vidyudarciḥ | prakāśasāmānyāt | aśaniraṅgārāḥ | upaśāntakāṭhinyasāmānyābhyām | hrādunayo hlādunayaḥ stanayitnuśabdā visphuliṅgāḥ | vikṣepānekatvasāmānyāt |
tasminnetasminnityāhutyadhikaraṇanirdeśaḥ |
devā iti ta eva hotāraḥ somaṃ rājānaṃ juhvati |
yo 'sau dyulokāgnau śraddhāyāṃ hutāyāmabhinirvṛttaḥ somaḥ sa dvitīye parjanyāgnau hūyate |
tasyāśca somāhutervṛṣṭiḥ saṃbhavati || 10 ||

ayaṃ vai loko 'gnir gautama | tasya pṛthivy eva samit | agnir dhūmaḥ | rātrir arciḥ | candramā aṅgārāḥ | nakṣatrāṇi viṣphuliṅgāḥ | tasminn etasminn agnau devā vṛṣṭiṃ juhvati | tasyā āhutyā annaṃ saṃbhavati ||

11. 'The altar, O Gautama, is this world; the fuel is the earth itself, the smoke the fire, the light the night, the coals the moon, the sparks the stars. On that altar the Devas offer rain. From that oblation rises food.

ayaṃ vai loko 'gnirgotama | ayaṃ loka iti prāṇijanmopabhogāśrayaḥ kriyākārakaphalaviśiṣṭaḥ sa tṛtīyo 'gniḥ | tasyāgneḥ pṛthivyeva samit | pṛthivyā hyayaṃ loko 'nekaprāṇyupabhogasaṃpannayā samidhyate | agnirdhūmaḥ | pṛthivyāśrayotthānasāmānyāt | pārthivaṃ hīndhanadravyamāśrityāgniruttiṣṭhati | yathā samidāśrayena dhūmaḥ | rātrirarciḥ | samitsaṃbandhaprabhavasāmānyāt | agneḥ samitsaṃbandhena hyarciḥ saṃbhavati | tathā pṛthivīsamitsaṃbandhena śarvarī | pṛthivīchāyāṃ hi śārvaraṃ taṃ ācakṣate | candramā aṅgārāḥ | tatprabhavatvasāmānyāt | arciṣo hyaṅgārāḥ prabhavanti tathā rātrau candramāḥ | upaśāntatvasāmānyādvā | nakṣatrāṇi visphuliṅgāḥ |
bisphuliṅgavadvikṣepasāmānyāt |
tasminnetasminnityādi pūrvavat |
vṛṣṭiṃ juhvati tasyā āhuterannaṃ saṃbhavati |
vṛṣṭiprabhavatvasya prasiddhatvādvrīhiyavāderannasya || 11 ||

puruṣo vā agnir gautama | tasya vyāttam eva samit | prāṇo dhūmaḥ | vāg arciḥ | cakṣur aṅgārāḥ | śrotraṃ viṣphuliṅgāḥ | tasminn etasminn agnau devā annaṃ juhvati | tasyā āhutyai retaḥ saṃbhavati ||

12. 'The altar, O Gautama, is man; the fuel the opened mouth, the smoke the breath, the light the tongue, the coals the eye, the sparks the ear. On that altar the Devas offer food. From that oblation rises seed.

puruṣo vā agnirgautama prasiddhaḥ śiraḥpāṇyādimānpuruṣaścaturtho 'gnistasya vyāttaṃ vivṛtaṃ mukhaṃ samit | vivṛtena hi mukhena dīpyate puruṣo vacanasvādhyāyādau | yathā samidhāgniḥ prāṇo dhūmastadutthānasāmānyāt | mukhāddhi prāṇa uttiṣṭhati | vākyaśabdo 'rcirvyañjakatvasāmānyāt | arciśca vyañjakam | tathā vākśabdo 'bhidheyavyañjakaḥ | cakṣuraṅgārā upaśamasāmānyātprakāśāśrayatvādvā | śrotraṃ visphuliṅgā vikṣepasāmānyāt | tasminnannaṃ juhvati | nanu naiva devā annamiha juhvato dṛśyante | naiṣa doṣaḥ |
prāṇānāṃ devatvopapatteḥ |
adhidaivamindrādayo devāsta evādhyātmaṃ prāṇāste cānnasya puruṣe prakṣeptāraḥ |
tasyā āhute retaḥ saṃbhavati |
annapariṇāmo hi retaḥ || 12 ||

yoṣā vā agnir gautama | tasyā upastha eva samit | lomāni dhūmaḥ | yonir arciḥ | yad antaḥ karoti te 'ṅgārāḥ | abhinandā viṣphuliṅgāḥ | tasminn etasminn agnau devā reto juhvati | tasyā āhutyai puruṣaḥ saṃbhavati | sa jīvati yāvaj jīvati | atha yadā mriyate ||

13. 'The altar, O Gautama, is woman. On that altar the Devas offer seed. From that oblation rises man. He lives so long as he lives, and then when he dies,

yoṣā vā agnirgautama | yoṣeti srī pañcamo homādhikaraṇo 'gnistasyā upastha eva samit | tena hi sā samidhyate | lomāni dhūmastadutthānasāmānyāt | yonirarcirvarṇasāmānyāt | yadantaḥ karoti te 'ṅgārā antaḥ karaṇaṃ maithunavyāpāraste 'ṅgārā vīryopaśamahetutvasāmānyāt | vīryādyupaśamakāraṇaṃ maithunam | tathāṅgārabhāvo 'gnerupaśamakāraṇam | abhinandāḥ sukhalavāḥ kṣudratvasāmānyādvisphuliṅgāḥ | tasminreto juhvati | tasyā āhuteḥ puruṣaḥ saṃbhavati | evaṃ dyuparjanyāyaṃlokapuruṣayoṣāgniṣu kramema hūyamānāḥ śraddhāsomavṛṣṭyannaretobhāvena sthūlatāratamyakramamāpadyamānāḥ śraddhāśabdavācyā āpaḥ puruṣaśabdamārabhante | yaḥ praśnaścaturtho vettha yatithyāmāhutyāṃ hutāyāmāpaḥ puraṣavāco bhūtvā samutthāya vadantī3iti sa eṣa nirṇītaḥ | pañcamyāmāhutau yoṣāgnau hutāyāṃ retobhūtā āpaḥ puruṣavāco bhavantīti |
sa puruṣa evaṃ krameṇa jāto jīvati |
kiyantaṃ kālamiti |
ucyate-yāvajjīvati yāvadasmiñcharīre sthitinimittaṃ karma vidyate tāvadityarthaḥ |
atha tatkṣaye yadā yasmikāle mriyate || 13 ||

athainam agnaye haranti | tasyāgnir evāgnir bhavati | samit samit | dhūmo dhūmaḥ | arcir arciḥ | aṅgārā aṅgārāḥ | viṣphuliṅgā viṣphuliṅgāḥ | tasminn etasminn agnau devāḥ puruṣaṃ juhvati | tasyā āhutyai puruṣo bhāsvaravarṇaḥ saṃbhavati ||

14. 'They take him to the fire (the funeral pile), and then the altar-fire is indeed fire, the fuel fuel, the smoke smoke, the light light, the coals coals, the sparks sparks. In that very altar-fire the Devas offer man, and from that oblation man rises, brilliant in colour.

atha tadainaṃ mṛtamagnaye 'gnyarthamevāntyāhutyai haranti śratvijastasyā'hutibhūtasya prasiddho 'gnireva homādhikaraṇaṃ na parikalpyo 'gniḥ |
prasiddhaiva samitsamiddhūmo dhūmo 'rcirarciraṅgārā aṅgārā visphuliṅgā visphuliṅgā yathāprasiddhameva sarvamityarthaḥ |
tasminpuruṣamantyāhutiṃ juhvati tasyā āhutyā āhuteḥ puruṣo bhāsvaravarṇo 'tiśayadīptimānniṣekādibhirantyāhutyantaiḥ karmabhiḥ saṃskṛtatvātsaṃbhavati niṣpadyate || 14 ||

te ya evam etad vidur ye cāmī araṇye śraddhāṃ satyam upāsate te 'rcir abhisaṃbhavanti | arciṣo 'haḥ | ahna āpūryamāṇapakṣam | āpūryamāṇapakṣād yān ṣaṇ māsān udaṅṅ āditya eti | māsebhyo devalokam | devalokād ādityam | ādityād vaidyutam | tān vaidyutān puruṣo mānasa etya brahmalokān gamayati | te teṣu brahmalokeṣu parāḥ parāvato vasanti | teṣāṃ na punar āvṛttiḥ ||

15. 'Those who thus know this (even Grihasthas), and those who in the forest worship faith and the True (Brahman Hiranyagarbha), go to light (arkis), from light to day, from day to the increasing half, from the increasing half to the six months when the sun goes to the north, from those six months to the world of the Devas (Devaloka), from the world of the Devas to the sun, from the sun to the place of lightning. When they have thus reached the place of lightning a spirit comes near them, and leads them to the worlds of the (conditioned) Brahman. In these worlds of Brahman they dwell exalted for ages. There is no returning for them.

idānīṃ prathamapraśnanirākaraṇārthamāha-te | ke | ya evaṃ yathoktaṃ pañcāgnidarśanametadviduḥ | evaṃ śabdādagnisamiddhūmārciraṅgāravisphuliṅgaśraddhādiviśiṣṭāḥ pañcāgnayo nirdiṣṭāstānevametānpañcāgnīnvidurityarthaḥ | nanvagnihotrāhutidarśanaviṣayamevaitaddarśanam | tatra hyuktamutkrāntyādipadārthaṣaṭkanirṇaye divamevā'havanīyaṃ kurvāte ityādi | ihāpyamuṣya lokasyāgnitvamādityasya ca samittvamityādi bahu sāmyam | tasmāttaccheṣamevaitaddarśanamiti | na, yatithyāmiti prasnaprativacanaparigrahāt | yatithyāmityasya praśnasya prativacanasya yāvadeva parigrahastāvadevaivaṃśabdena parāmraṣṭuṃ yuktam | anyathā praśnānarthakyānnirjñātatvācca saṃkhyāyā agnaya eva vaktavyāḥ | atha nirjñātamapyanūdyate | yathāprāptasyaivānuvadanaṃ yuktaṃ na tvasau loko 'gniriti | athopalakṣaṇārthaḥ tathāpyādyenāntyena copalakṣaṇaṃ yuktam | śrutyantarācca | samāne hi prakaraṇe chāndogyaśrutau pañcāgnīnvedeti pañcasaṃkhyāyā evopādānādanagnihotraśeṣametat | pañcāgnidarśanam | yattvagnisamidādisāmānyaṃ tadagnihotrastutyarthamityavocāma | tasmānnotkrāntyādipadārthaṣaṭkaparijñānādarcirādipratipattiḥ | evamiti prakṛtopādānenārcirādipratipattividhānāt | ke punaste ya evaṃ vidurgṛhasthā eva | nanu teṣāṃ yajñādisādhanena dhūmādipratipattirvidhitsita | na, anevaṃvidāmapi gṛhasthānāṃ yajñādisādhanopapatteḥ | bhikṣuvānaprasthayoścāraṇyasaṃbandhena grahaṇāt | gṛhasthakarmasaṃbaddhatvāccapañcāgnidarśanasya | ato nāpi brahmacāriṇa evaṃ viduriti gṛhyante | teṣāṃ tūttare pathi praveśaḥ smṛtiprāmāṇyāt-"aṣṭāśītisahasrāṇāmṛṣīṇāmūrdhvaretasām | uttareṇāryamṇaḥ panthāste 'mṛtatvaṃ hi bhejire"iti | tasmādye gṛhasthā evamagnijo 'hamagnyapatyamityevaṃ krameṇāgnibhyo jāto 'gnirūpa ityevaṃ ye viduste ca ye cāmī araṇye vānaprasthāḥ parivrājakāścāraṇyaniṣṭhāḥ śraddhāṃ śraddhāyuktāḥ snataḥ satyaṃ brahma hiraṇyagarbhātmānamupāsate na punaḥ śraddhāṃ copāsate te sarve 'rcirabhisaṃbhavanti | yāvadgṛhasthāḥ pañcāgnividyāṃ satyaṃ vā brahma na vidustāvacchraddhādyāhutikrameṇa pañcamyāmāhutau hutāyāṃ tato yoṣāgnerjātāḥ punarlokaṃ pratyutthāyino 'gnihotrādikarmānuṣṭhātāro bhavanti | tena karmaṇā dhūmādikrameṇa punaḥ pitṛlokaṃ punaḥ parjanyādikrameṇemamāvartante | punaryoṣāgnerjātāḥ punaḥ karma kṛtvetyevameva ghaṭīyantravadgatyāgatibhyāṃ punaḥ punarāvartante | yadā tvevaṃ vidustato ghaṭīyantrabhramaṇādvinirmuktāḥ santo 'rcirabhisaṃbhavanti | arciriti nāgnijvālāmātraṃ kiṃ tarhyarcirabhimāninyarciḥ śabdavācyā devatottaramārgalakṣaṇā vyavasthitaiva tāmabhisaṃbhavanti | na hi parivrājakānāmagnyarciṣaiva sākṣātsaṃbandho 'sti | tena devataiva parigṛhyate 'rciḥśabdavācyā | ato 'hardevatām | maraṇakālaniyamānupapatterahaḥśabdo 'pi devataiva | āyuṣaḥ kṣaye hi maraṇam | na hyevaṃvidāhanyeva martavyamityaharmaraṇakālo niyantuṃ śakyate | na ca rātrau pretāḥ santo 'haḥ pratīkṣante | "sa yāvatkṣipyenmanastāvadādityaṃ gacchati"iti śrutyantarāt | ahna āpūryamāṇapakṣamahardevatayātivāhitā āpūryamāṇapakṣadevatāṃ pratipadyante śuklapakṣadevatāmityetat | āpūryamāṇapakṣādyānṣaṇmāsānudaṅṅuttarāṃ diśamādityaḥ savitaiti tānmāsānpratipadyante śuklapakṣadevatayātivāhitāḥsantaḥ | māsāniti bahuvacanātsaṃghacāriṇyaḥ ṣaḍuttarāyaṇadevatāstebhyo māsebhyaḥ ṣaṇmāsadevatābhirativāhitā devalokābhimāninīṃ devatāṃ pratipadyante | devalokādādityamādityādvaidyutaṃ vidyudabhimāninīṃ devatāṃ pratipadyante | vidyuddevatāṃ prāptānbrahmalokavāsī puruṣo brahmaṇā manasā sṛṣṭo mānasaḥ kaścidetyā'gatya brahmalokāngamayati | brahmalokānityadharottarabhūmibhedena bhinnā iti gamyante | bahuvacanaprayogāt | upāsanatāratamyopapatteśca | te tena puruṣeṇa gamitāḥ santasteṣu brahmalokeṣu parāḥ prakṛṣṭāḥ santaḥ svayaṃ parāvataḥ prakṛṣṭāḥ samāḥ saṃvatsarānanekānvasanti | brahmaṇo 'nekānkalpānvasantītyarthaḥ | teṣāṃ brahmalokaṃ gatānāṃ nāsti punarāvṛttirasminsaṃsāre na punarāgamanamiheti śākhāntarapāṭhāt | ihetyākṛtimātragrahaṇamiti cecchvobhūte paurṇamāsīmiti yadvat | na, ihetiviśeṣaṇānarthakyāt | yadi hi nā'vartanta evehagrahaṇamanarthakameva syāt |
śvobhūte paurṇamāsīmityatra paurṇamāsyāḥ śvobhūtatvamanuktaṃna jñāyata iti yukta viśeṣayitum |
na hi tatra śvaākṛtiḥ śabdārtho vidyata iti śvaśabdo virarthaka eva prayujyate |
yatra tu viśeṣaṇaśabde prayukte 'nviṣyamāṇe viśeṣaṇaphalaṃ cenna gamyate tatra yukto nirarthakatvenotsraṣṭuṃ viśeṣaṇaśabdo na tu satyāṃ viśeṣaṇaphalāvagatau |
tasmādasmātkalpādūrdhvamāvṛttirgamyate || 15 ||

atha ye yajñena dānena tapasā lokāñ jayanti te dhūmam abhisaṃbhavanti | dhūmād rātrim | rātrer apakṣīyamāṇapakṣam | apakṣīyamāṇapakṣād yān ṣaṇ māsān dakṣiṇāditya eti | māsebhyaḥ pitṛlokam | pitṛlokāc candram | te candraṃ prāpyānnaṃ bhavanti | tāṃs tatra devā yathā somaṃ rājānam āpyāyasvāpakṣīyasvety evam enāṃs tatra bhakṣayanti | teṣāṃ yadā tat paryavaity athemam evākāśam abhiniṣpadyante | ākāśād vāyum | vāyor vṛṣṭim | vṛṣṭeḥ pṛthivīm | te pṛthivīṃ prāpyānnaṃ bhavanti | te punaḥ puruṣāgnau hūyante tato yoṣāgnau jāyante | lokān pratyuthāyinas ta evam evānuparivartante | atha ya etau panthānau na vidus te kīṭāḥ pataṅgā yad idaṃ dandaśūkam ||

16. 'But they who conquer the worlds (future states) by means of sacrifice, charity, and austerity, go to smoke, from smoke to night, from night to the decreasing half of the moon, from the decreasing half of the moon to the six months when the sun goes to the south, from these months to the world of the fathers, from the world of the fathers to the moon. Having reached the moon, they become food, and then the Devas feed on them there, as sacrificers feed on Soma, as it increases and decreases. But when this (the result of their good works on earth) ceases, they return again to that ether, from ether to the air, from the air to rain, from rain to the earth. And when they have reached the earth, they become food, they are offered again in the altar-fire, which is man (see § 11), and thence are born in the fire of woman. Thus they rise up towards the worlds, and go the same round as before. 'Those, however, who know neither of these two paths, become worms, birds,, and creeping things.'

atha punarye naivaṃ vidurutkrāntyādyagnihotrasaṃbandhapadārthaṣaṭkasyaiva veditāraḥ kevalakarmiṇo yajñenāgnihotrādinā dānena bahirvedi bhikṣamāṇeṣu dravyasaṃvibhāgalakṣaṇena tapasā bahirvedyeva dīkṣādivyatiriktena kṛcchracāndrāyaṇādinā lokāñjayanti | lokāniti bahuvacanāttatrāpi phalatāramyamabhipretam | te dhūmamabhisaṃbhavanti | uttaramārga ivehāpi devatā eva dhūmādiśabdavācyāḥ | dhūmadevatāṃ pratipadyanta ityarthaḥ | ātivāhikatvaṃ ca devatānāṃ tadvadeva | dhūmādrātriṃ rātridevatāṃ tato 'pakṣīyamāṇapakṣadevatāṃ tato yānṣaṇmāsāndakṣiṇāṃ diśamāditya eti tānmāsadevatāviśeṣānpratipadyante | māsebhyaḥ pitṛlokaṃ pitṛlokāccandram | te candraṃ prāpyānnaṃ bhavanti tāṃstatrānnabhūtānyathā somaṃ rājānamiha yajña ṛtvija āpyāyasvāpakṣīyasveti bhakṣayantyevamenāṃścandraṃ prāptānkarmiṇo bhṛtyāniva svāmino bhakṣayantyupabhuñjate devāḥ āpyāyasvāpakṣīyasveti na mantraḥ kiṃ tarhyāpyāyyā'pyāyya camasasthaṃ bhakṣaṇenāpakṣayaṃ ca kṛtvā punaḥ punarbhakṣayantītyarthaḥ | evaṃ devā api somaloke labdhaśarīrānkarmiṇa upakaraṇabhūtānpunaḥ punarviśrāmayantaḥ karmānurūpaṃ phalaṃ prayacchantaḥ | taddhi teṣāmāpyāyanaṃ somasyā'pyāyanamivopabhuñjata upakaraṇabhūtāndevāḥ teṣāṃ karmiṇāṃ yadā yasminkāle tadyajñadānādilakṣaṇaṃ somalokaprāpakaṃ karma paryavaiti parigacchati parikṣīyata ityarthaḥ | atha tademameva prasiddhamākāśamabhiniṣpadyante | yāstāḥ śraddhāśabdavācyā dyulokāgnau hutā āpaḥ somākārapariṇatā yābhiḥ somaloke karmiṇāmupabhogāya śarīramārabdhamammayaṃ tāḥ karmakṣayāddhimapiṇḍa ivā'tapasaṃparkātpravilīyante | pravilīnāḥ sūkṣmā ākāśabhūtā iva bhavanti tadidamucyata imamevā'kāśamabhiniṣpadyanta iti | te punarapi karmiṇastaccharīrāḥ santaḥ purovātādinā itāścāmutaśca nīyante 'ntarikṣagāstadāha-ākāśādvāyumiti | vāyorvṛṣṭiṃ pratipadyante | taduktam-parjanyāgnau somaṃ rājānaṃ juhvatīti | tato vṛṣṭibhūtā imāṃ pṛthivīṃ patanti | te pṛthivīṃ prāpya vrīhiyavādyannaṃ bhavanti | taduktamasmiṃlloke 'gnau vṛṣṭiṃ juhvati tasyā āhutyā annaṃ saṃbhavatīti | te punaḥ puruṣāgnau hūyante 'nnabhūtā retaḥsici | tato retobhūtā yoṣāgnau hūyante tato jāyante lokaṃ pratyutthāyinaste lokaṃ pratyuttiṣṭhanto 'gnihotrādikarmānutiṣṭhanti | tato dhūmādinā punaḥ punaḥ somalokaṃ punarimaṃ lokamiti | ta evaṃ karmiṇo 'nuparivartante ghaṭīyantravaccakrībhūtā baṃbhramantītyarthaḥ | uttaramārgāya sadyomuktaye vā yāvadbrahma na viduḥ | iti nu kāmayamānaḥ saṃsaratītyuktam | atha punarya uttaraṃ dakṣiṇaṃ caitau panthānau na viduruttarasya dakṣiṇasya vā pathaḥ pratipattaye jñānaṃ karma vā nānutiṣṭhantītyarthaḥ | te kiṃ bhavantīti | ucyate-te kīṭāḥ pataṅgā yadidaṃ yaccedaṃ dandaśūkaṃ daṃśamaśakamityetadbhavanti | evaṃ hīyaṃ saṃsāragatiḥ kaṣṭāsyāṃ nimagnasya punaruddhāra eva durlabhaḥ | tathā ca śrutyantaram-"tānīmāni kṣudrāṇyasakṛdāvartīni bhūtāni bhavanti jāyasva mriyasva"iti | tasmātsarvotsāhena yathāśakti svābhāvikakarmajñānahānena dakṣiṇottaramārgapratipattisādhanaṃ śāsrīyaṃ karma jñānaṃ vānutiṣṭhediti vākyārthaḥ | tathā coktam"ato vai khalu durniṣprapataraṃ tasmājjugupseta"iti śrutyantarānmokṣāya prayatetetyarthaḥ | atrāpyuttaramārgapratipattisādhana eva mahānyatnaḥ kartavya iti gamyate | evamevānuparivartanta ityuktatvāt | evaṃ praśnāḥ sarve nirṇītāḥ | esau vai loka ityārabhya puruṣaḥ saṃbhavatīticaturthaḥ praśno yatithyāmāhutyāmityādiḥ prathamyena |
pañcamastu dvitīyatvena devayānasya vā pathaḥ pratipadaṃ pitṛyāṇasya veti dakṣiṇottaramārgapratipattisādhanakathanena |
tenaiva ca prathamo 'pyagnerābhya kecidarciḥ pratipadyante keciddhūmamiti vipratipattiḥ |
punarāvṛttiśca dvitīyaḥ praśna ākāśādikrameṇemaṃ lokamāgacchantīti |
tenaivāsau loko na saṃpūryate kīṭapataṅgādipratipatteśca keṣāñciditi tṛtīyo 'pi praśno nirṇītaḥ16 ||
iti bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadi ṣaṣṭhādhyāyasya dvitīyaṃ brāhmaṇam || 2 ||

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