Bibliotheca Polyglotta

Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣat

Complete text

atha ha vācaknavy uvāca -- brāhmaṇā bhagavanto hantāham imaṃ dvau praśnau prakṣyāmi | tau cen me vivakṣyati | na vai jātu yuṣmākam imaṃ kaścid brahmodyaṃ jeteti | pṛccha gārgīti ||

EIGHTH BRÂHMANA
1. Then Vâkaknavî said: 'Venerable Brâhmanas, I shall ask him two questions. If he will answer them, none of you, I think, will defeat him in any argument concerning Brahman.'
Yâgñavalkya said: 'Ask, O Gârgî.'

atha ha vācaknavyuvāca |
sarvaṃ yājñavalkyena niṣiddhā mūrdhapātabhayāduparatā satī punaḥ praṣṭuṃ brāhmaṇānujñāṃ prārthayate - he brāhmaṇā bhagavantaḥ pūjāvantaḥ śṛṇuta mama vacaḥ;hantāhamimaṃ yājñavalkyaṃ punardvai praśnau prakṣyāmi, yadyanumatirbhavatāmasti;tau praśnau cedyadi vakṣyati kathayiṣyati me, kathañcinna vai jātu kadācid yuṣmākaṃ madhye imaṃ yājñavalkyaṃ kaścid brahmodyaṃ brahmavadanaṃ prati jetā na vai kaścid bhavediti |
evamuktā brāhmaṇā anujñāṃ pradaduḥ - pṛccha gārgīti || 1 ||

sā hovāca -- ahaṃ vai tvā yājñavalkya yathā kāśyo vā vaideho vograputra ujjyaṃ dhanur adhijyaṃ kṛtvā dvau bāṇavantau sapatnātivyādhinau haste kṛtvopottiṣṭhed evam evāhaṃ tvā dvābhyāṃ praśnābhyām upodasthām | tau me brūhīti | pṛccha gārgīti ||

2. She said: 'O Yâgñavalkya, as the son of a warrior from the Kâsîs or Videhas might string his loosened bow, take two pointed foe-piercing arrows in his hand and rise to do battle, I have risen to fight thee with two questions. Answer me these questions.'
Yâgñavalkya said: 'Ask, O Gârgî.'

labdhānujñā ha yājñavalkyaṃ sā hovāca - ahaṃ vai tvā tvāṃ dvau praśnau prakṣyāmītyanuṣajyate;kau tāviti jijñāsāyāṃ tayorduruttaratvadyotayituṃ dṛṣṭāntapūrvakaṃ tāvāha - he yājñavalkya yathā loke kāśyaḥ kāśiṣu bhavaḥ kāśyaḥ, prasiddhaṃ śauryaṃ kāśye, vaideho vā videhānāṃ vā rājā, ugraputraḥ śūrānvaya ityarthaḥ, ujjyam avatāritajyākaṃ dhanuḥ punaradhijyam āropitalyākaṃ kṛtvā dvau bāṇavantau bāṇaśabdena śarāgre yo vaṃśakhaṇḍaḥ saṃdhīyate, tena vināpi śaro bhavatītyato viśinaṣṭi bāṇavantāviti - dvau bāṇavantau śarau, tayoreva viśeṣaṇaṃ sapatnātivyādhinau śatroḥ pīḍākarāvatiśayena, haste kṛtvopottiṣṭhet samīpata ātmānaṃ darśayet evamevāhaṃ tvā tvāṃ śarasthānīyābhyāṃ praśnābhyāṃ dvābhyāmupodasthāṃ utthitavatyasmi tvatsamīpe |
tau me brūhīti - brahmaviccet |
āhetaraḥ - pṛccha gārgīti || 2 ||

sā hovāca -- yad ūrdhvaṃ yājñavalkya divo yad avāk pṛthivyā yad antarā dyāvāpṛthivī ime yad bhūtaṃ ca bhavac ca bhaviṣyac cety ācakṣate kasmiṃs tad otaṃ ca protaṃ ceti ||

3. She said: 'O Yâgñavalkya, that of which they say that it is above the heavens, beneath the earth, embracing heaven and earth, past, present, and future, tell me in what is it woven, like warp and woof?'

sā hovāca - yadūrdhvamupari divaḥaṇḍakapālād yaccāvāgadhaḥ pṛthivyā adho 'ṇḍakapālāt, yaccāntarā madhye dyāvāpṛthivī dyāvāpṛthivyoḥ aṇḍakapālayoḥ, ime ca dyāvāpṛthivī, yad bhūtaṃ yaccātītam, bhavacca vartamānaṃ svavyāpārastham, bhaviṣyacca vartamānādūrdhvakālabhāviliṅgagamyam - yat sarvametadācakṣate kathayantyāgamataḥ - tat sarvaṃ dvaitajātaṃ yasminnekībhavatītyarthaḥ - tat sūtrasaṃjñaṃ pūrvoktaṃ kasminnotaṃ ca protaṃ ca pṛthivīdhāturivāpsu || 3 ||

sa hovāca -- yad ūrdhvaṃ gārgi divo yad avāk pṛthivyā yad antarā dyāvāpṛthivī ime yad bhūtaṃ ca bhavac ca bhaviṣyac cety ācakṣata ākāśe tad otaṃ ca protaṃ ceti ||

4. Yâgñavalkya said: 'That of which they say that it is above the heavens, beneath the earth, embracing heaven and earth, past, present, and future, that is woven, like warp and woof, in the ether (âkâsa).'

sa hovācetaraḥ - he gārgi yat tvayoktam'ūrdhvaṃ divaḥ'ityādi, tat sarvaṃ yat sūtramācakṣate tat sūtram, ākāśe tadotaṃ protaṃ ca, yadetad vyākṛtaṃ sūtrātmakaṃ jagadavyākṛtākāśe, apsviva pṛthivīdhātuḥ, triṣvapi kāleṣu vartate utpattau sthitau laye ca || 4 ||

sā hovaca -- namas te 'stu yājñavalkya yo ma etaṃ vyavoco 'parasmai dhārayasveti pṛccha gārgīti ||

5. She said: 'I bow to thee, O Yâgñavalkya, who hast solved me that question. Get thee ready for the second.'
Yâgñavalkya said: 'Ask, O Gârgî.'

punaḥ sā hovāca;namaste 'stvityādi praśnasya durvacatvapradarśanārtham;yo me mamaitaṃ praśnaṃ vyavoco viśeṣaṇāpākṛtavānasi;etasya durvacatve kāraṇam - sūtrameva tāvadagamyamitarairdurvācyam, kimuta tat, yasminnotaṃ ca protaṃ ceti;ato namo 'stu te tubhyam |
aparasmai dvitīyāya praśnāya dhārayasva dṛḍhīkurvātmānamityarthaḥ |
pṛccha gārgītītara āha || 5 ||

6. She said: 'O Yâgñavalkya, that of which they say that it is above the heavens, beneath the earth, embracing heaven and earth, past, present, and future, tell me in what is it woven, like warp and woof?'

vyākhyātamanyat;sā hovāca yadurdhvaṃ yājñavalkyaityādipraśnaḥ prativacanaṃ ca uktasyaivārthasyāvadhāraṇārthaṃ punarucyate;na kiñcidapūrvamarthāntaramucyate || 6 ||

sa hovāca -- yad ūrdhvaṃ gārgi divo yad avāk pṛthivyā yad antarā dyāvāpṛthivī ime yad bhūtaṃ ca bhavac ca bhaviṣyac cety ācakṣata ākāśa eva tad otaṃ ca protaṃ ceti | kasmin nu khalv ākāśa otaś ca protaś ceti ||

7. Yâgñavalkya said: 'That of which they say that it is above the heavens, beneath the earth, embracing heaven and earth, past, present, and future, that is woven, like warp and woof, in the ether.'
Gârgî said: 'In what then is the ether woven, like warp and woof?'

sarvaṃ yathoktaṃ gārgyā pratyuccārya tameva pūrvoktamarthamavadhāritavānākāśa eveti yājñavalkyaḥ | gārgyāha-kasminnu khalvākāśa otaśca protaśceti | ākāśameva tāvat kālatrayātītatvād durvācyam, tato 'pi kaṣṭataramakṣaram yasminnākāśamotaṃ ca protaṃ ca, ato 'vācyamitikṛtvā, na pratipadyate sā apratipattirnāma nigrahasthānaṃ tārkikasamaye;athāvācyamapi vakṣyati, tathāpi vipratipattirnāma nigrahasthānam;virudvā pratipattirhi sā, yadavācyasya vadanam;ato durvacanaṃ praśnaṃ manyate gārgī || 7 || tad doṣadvayamapi parijihīrpannāha-

sa hovāca -- etad vai tad akṣaraṃ gārgi brāhmaṇā abhivadanty asthūlam anaṇv ahrasvam adīrgham alohitam asneham acchāyam atamo 'vāyv anākāśam asaṅgam arasam agandham acakṣuṣkam aśrotram avāg amano 'tejaskam aprāṇam amukham agātram anantaram abāhyam (VAR for agātram: amātram) | na tad aśnāti kiṃ cana | na tad aśnāti kaś cana ||

8. He said: 'O Gârgî, the Brâhmanas call this the Akshara (the imperishable). It is neither coarse nor fine, neither short nor long, neither red (like fire) nor fluid (like water); it is without shadow, without darkness, without air, without ether, without attachment, without taste, without smell, without eyes, without ears, without speech, without mind, without light (vigour), without breath, without a mouth (or door), without measure, having no within and no without, it devours nothing, and no one devours it.'

sa hovāca yājñavalkyaḥ-etad vai tad yat pṛṣṭavatyasi kasminnu khalvākāśa otaśca protaśceti, kiṃ tat? akṣaram-yanna kṣīyate na kṣaratīti vākṣaram-tadakṣaraṃ he gārgi brāhmaṇā brahmavido 'bhivadanti | brahmaṇābhivadanakathanena-nāhamavācyaṃ vakṣyāmi na cana pratipadyeyam-ityevaṃ dopadrayaṃ pariharati | evamapākute praśne punargārgyāḥ prativacanaṃ draṣṭavyam-brūhi kiṃ tadakṣaram? yad brāhmaṇā abhivadanti, ityukta āha-prasthūlaṃ tat sthūlādanyat, evaṃ tarhyaṇu? anaṇu, astu tarhi hasvam, ahasvam;evaṃ tarhi dīrgham, nāpi dīrghamadīrgham;evametaiścaturbhiḥ parimāṇapratiṣedhairdravyadharmaḥ pratiṣidvaḥ, na dravyaṃ tadakṣaramityarthaḥ | astu tarhi lohito guṇaḥ, tato 'pyanyadalohitam;āgneyo guṇo lohitaḥ;bhavatu tarhyapyāṃ snehanam, na, asnehanam;astu tarhicchāyā, sarvathāpyanirdeśyatvāt, chāyāyā apyanyadacchāyam;astu tarhi tamaḥ, atamaḥ;bhavatu vāyustarhi, avāyuḥ;bhavettarhyākāśam, anākāśam;bhavatu tarhi saṅgātmakaṃ jatuvat, asaṅgam'raso 'stu tarhi, arasam';tathā gandho 'stvagandham;astu tarhi cakṣuḥ, acakṣuṣkam-na hi cakṣurasya karaṇaṃ vidyate 'to 'cakṣuṣkam;"paśyatyacakṣuḥ"iti mantravarṇāt | tathāśrotram;"sa śṛṇotyakarṇaḥ"iti;bhavatu tarhi vāgavāk;tathāmanaḥ;tathātejaskam-avidyamānaṃ tejo 'sya tadatejaskam;na hi tejo 'gnyādiprakāśavadasya vidyate;aprāṇam-ādhyātmiko vāyuḥpratiṣidhyate 'prāṇamiti;mukhaṃ tarhi dvāraṃ tadamukham;amānnam-mīyate yena tanmātram amātraṃ mātrārūpaṃ tanna bhavati, na tena kiñcinmīyate;astu tarhicchidravat, anantaram-nāsyāntaramasti;sambhavet tarhi bahistasya, abāhyam;astu tarhi bhakṣayitṛ tat na tadaśnāti kñcina;bhavettarhi bhakṣyaṃ kasyacit, na tadaśnāti kaścana;sarvaviśeṣaṇarahitamityarthaḥ;ekamevādvitīyaṃ hi tat kena kiṃ viśiṣyate || 8 || anekaviśeṣaṇapratiṣedhaprayāsādastitvaṃ tāvadakṣarasyopagamitaṃ śrutyā;tathāpi lokabudvimapekṣyā śaṅkyate yataḥ, ato 'stitvāyānumānaṃ pramāṇamupanyasyati-

etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi sūryacandramasau vidhṛtau tiṣṭhataḥ | etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi dyāvāpṛthivyau vidhṛte tiṣṭhataḥ | etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi nimeṣā muhūrtā ahorātrāṇy ardhamāsā māsā ṛtavaḥ saṃvatsarā iti vidhṛtās tiṣṭhanti | etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi prācyo 'nyā nadyaḥ syandante śvetebhyaḥ parvatebhyaḥ pratīcyo 'nyā yāṃ yāṃ ca diśam anu | etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi manuṣyāḥ praśasanti yajamānaṃ devā darvīṃ pitaro 'nvāyattāḥ || vā akṣarasy a praśāsane gārgi dadato manuṣyāḥ praśaṃsanti, yajamānaṃ devāḥ, darvīṃ pitaro 'nvāyattāḥ // 9 //

9. 'By the command of that Akshara (the imperishable), O Gârgî, sun and moon stand apart. By the command of that Akshara, O Gârgî, heaven and earth stand apart. By the command of that Akshara, O Gârgî, what are called moments (nimesha), hours (muhûrta), days and nights, half-months, months, seasons, years, all stand apart. By the command of that Akshara, O Gârgî, some rivers flow to the East from the white mountains, others to the West, or to any other quarter. By the command of that Akshara, O Gârgî, men praise those who give, the gods follow the sacrificer, the fathers the Darvî-offering.'

etasya vā akṣarasya;yadetadadhigatamakṣaraṃ sarvāntaraṃ sākṣādaparokṣādbrahma, ya ātmā aśanāyādidharmātītaḥ, etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane-yathā rājñaḥ praśāsane rājyamasphuṭitaṃ niyataṃ vartate, evamatasyākṣarasya praśāsane he gārgi sūryācandramaso ahorātrayorlokapradīpau, tādarthyena praśāsitrā tābhyāṃ nirvatyamānalokaprayojanavijñānavatā nirmitau ca, syātāṃ sādhāraṇasarvaprāṇiprakāśopakārakatvāllaukikapradīpavat | tasmādasti tad yena vidhṛtāvīśvarau svatantrau sastau nirmitau tiṣṭhato niyatadeśakālanimittodayāstamayavṛddhikṣayābhyāṃ vartete;tadastyevametayoḥ praśāsitrakṣaram, pradīpakartṛvidhārayitṛvat | etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgī dyāvāpṛthivī ca sāvayavatvāt sphuṭanasvabhāve api satyau gurutvāt patanasvabhāve saṃyuktatvād viyogasvabhāve cetanāvadabhimānidevatādhiṣṭhitatvāt svatantre api etasyākṣarasya praśāsane vartete vidhṛte tiṣṭhataḥ;etaddhyakṣaraṃ sarvavyavasthāsetuḥ sarvamaryādāvidharaṇam, ato nāsyākṣarasya praśāsanaṃ dyāvāpṛthivyāvatikrāmataḥ;tasmāt siddhamasyāstitvamakṣarasya avyabhicāri hi talliṅgam, yad dyāvāpṛthivyau niyate vartete;cetanāvantaṃ praśāsitāramasaṃsāriṇamantareṇa naitad yuktam | "yena dyaurugrā pṛthivī ca dṛṣṭā"iti mantravarṇāt | etasya vā akṣarasya praśāsane gārgi, nimeṣā muhūrtā ityete kālāvayavāḥ sarvasya atītānāgatavartamānasya janimataḥ kalayitāraḥ - yathā loke prabhuṇā niyato gaṇakaḥ sarvamāyaṃ vyayaṃ cāpramatto gaṇayati, tathā prabhusthānīya eṣāṃ kālāvayavānāṃ niyantā | tathā prācayaḥ prāgañcanāḥ pūrvadiggamanā nadyaḥ syandante sravanti śvetebhyo himavadādibhyaḥ parvatebhyo giribhyo gaṅgādyā nadyastāśca yathā pravartitā eva niyatāḥ pravartante 'nyathāpi pravartitumutsahantyaḥ, tadetalliṅgaṃ praśāstuḥ | pratīcyo 'nyāḥ pratīcīṃ diśamañcanti sindhvādyā nadyaḥ, anyāśca yāṃ yāṃ diśamanupravṛttāstāṃ tāṃ na vyabhicaranti;tacca siṅgam | kiñca dadato hiraṇyādīn prayacchata ātmapīḍāṃ kurvato 'pi pramāṇajñā api manuṣyāḥ praśaṃsanti;tatra yacca dīyate, ye ca dadati, ye ca pratigṛhmanti, teṣāmihaiva samāgamo vilayaścānvakṣo dṛśyate;adṛṣṭastu paraḥ samāgamaḥ, tathāpi manuṣyā dadatāṃ dānaphalena saṃyogaṃ paśyantaḥ pramāṇajñatayā praśaṃsanti; tacca, karmaphalena saṃyojayitari kartuḥ karmaphalavibhāgajñe praśāstaryasati na syāt;dānakriyāyāḥ pratyakṣavināśitvāt;tasmādasti dānakartṛṇāṃ phalena saṃyojayitā | apūrvamiti cet? tatsadbhāve pramāṇānupapatteḥ praśasturapīti cet | na, āgamatātparyasya siddhatvāt;avocāma dyāgamasya vastuparatvāt | kiñcānyat, apūrvakalpanāyāṃ cārthāpatteḥ, kṣayo 'nyathaivopapatteḥ | sevāphalasya sevyāt prāptidarśanāt | sevāyāśca kriyātvāt, tatsāmānyācca vāgadānahomādīnāṃ sevyād īśvarādeḥ phalaprāptirupapadyate dṛṣṭakriyādharmasāmarthyamaparityajyaiva phalaprāptikalpanopapattau dṛṣṭakriyādharmasāmarthyaparityāgo na nyāyyaḥ | kalpanādhikyācca, īśvaraḥ kalpvo 'pūrvā vā? tatra kriyāyāśca svabhāvaḥ sevyāt phalaprāptirdṛṣṭā na tvapūrvāt;na cāpūrvaṃ dṛṣṭam;tatrāpūrvamadṛṣṭaṃ kalpayitavyaṃ tasya ca phaladātṛtve sāmarthyam, sāmarthye ca sati dānaṃ cābhyadhikamiti |
iha tu īśvarasya sevyasya sadbhāvamātraṃ kalpyam, na tu phaladānasāmarthyaṃ dātṛtvaṃ ca, sevyāt phalaprāptidarśanāt |
anumānaṃ ca darśitam -'dyāvāpṛthivyau vidhṛte tiṣṭhataḥ'ityādi |
tathā ca yajamānaṃ devā īśvarāḥ santo jīvanārthe 'nugatāḥ, carapuroḍāśādyupajīvanaprayojanena, anyathāpi jīvitumutsahantaḥ kṛpaṇāṃ dīnāṃ vṛttimāśritya sthitāḥ, tacca praśāstuḥ praśāsanāt syāt |
tathā pitaro 'pi tadarthaṃ darvī darvīhomamanvāyattā anugatā ityarthaḥ, samānaṃ sarvamanyat || 9 ||
itaścāsti tadakṣaraṃ smāttadajñāne niyatā saṃsāropapattiḥ | bhavitavyaṃ tu tena, yadvijñānāt tadvicchedaḥ, nyāyopapatteḥ | nanu kriyāta eva tadvicchittiḥ syāditi cet? na -

yo vā etad akṣaram gārgy aviditvāsmiṃl loke juhoti yajate tapas tapyate bahūni varṣasahasrāṇy antavad evāsya tad bhavati yo vā etad akṣaram aviditvā gārgy aviditvāsmāl lokāt praiti sa kṛpaṇaḥ | atha ya etad akṣaraṃ gārgi viditvāsmāl lokāt praiti sa brāhmaṇaḥ ||

10. 'Whosoever, O Gârgî, without knowing that Akshara (the imperishable), offers oblations in this world, sacrifices, and performs penance for a thousand years, his work will have an end. Whosoever, O Gargî, without knowing this Akshara, departs this world, he is miserable (like a slave). But he, O Gârgî, who departs this world, knowing this Akshara, he is a Brâhmana.'

yo vā etadakṣaraṃ he gārgi aviditvāvijñāya asmiṃlloke juhoti yajata tapastapyate yadyapi bahūni varṣasahasrāṇi, antavad evāsya tat phalaṃ bhavati, tatphalopabhogānte kṣīyanta evāsya karmāṇi |
api ca yadvijñānāt kārpaṇyātyayaḥ saṃsāravicchedaḥ, yadvijñānābhāvācca karmakṛt kṛpaṇaḥ kṛtaphalasyaivopabhoktājananamaraṇaprabandhārūḍhaḥ saṃsarati, tadastyakṣaraṃ praśāsitṛ;tadetaducyate - yo vā etadakṣaraṃ gārgyaviditvā asmāllokāt praiti sa kṛpaṇaḥ, paṇakrīta iva dāsādiḥ |
atha ya etadakṣaraṃ gārgi viditvā asmāllokāt praiti sa brāhmaṇaḥ || 10 ||
agnerdahanaprakāśakatvāt svābhāvikasya praśāstṛtvamacetanasyaivetyata āha -

tad vā etad akṣaraṃ gārgy adṛṣṭaṃ draṣṭraśrutaṃ śrotramataṃ mantravijñātaṃ vijñātṛ | nānyad ato 'sti draṣṭṛ | nānyad ato 'sti śrotṛ | nānyad ato 'sti mantṛ | nānyad ato 'sti vijñātṛ | etasmin nu khalv akṣare gārgy ākāśa otaś ca protaś ca ||

11. 'That Brahman,' O Gârgî, 'is unseen, but seeing; unheard, but hearing; unperceived, but perceiving; unknown, but knowing. There is nothing that sees but it, nothing that hears but it, nothing that perceives but it, nothing that knows but it. In that Akshara then, O Gârgî, the ether is woven, like warp and woof.'

tad vā etadakṣaraṃ gārgi adṛṣṭaṃ na kenacid dṛṣṭam, aviṣayatvāt svayaṃ tu draṣṭṛ dṛṣṭisvarūpatvāt | tathā śrutaṃ śrotrāviṣayatvāt, svayaṃ śrotṛ śrutisvarūpatvāt | tathāmataṃ manaso 'viṣayatvāt, svayaṃ mantṛmatisvarūpatvāt | tathāvijñātaṃ buddheraviṣayatvāt, svayaṃ vijñātṛ vijñānasvarūpatvāt | kiñca nānyadato 'smādakṣarādasti - nāsti kiñcid draṣṭṛ darśanakriyākartṛ;etadevākṣaraṃ darśanakriyākartṛ sarvatra | tathā nānyadato 'sti śrotṛ;tadevākṣaraṃ śrotṛ sarvatra |
nānyadato 'sti mantṛ;tadevākṣaraṃ mantṛ sarvatra sarvamanodvāreṇa |
nānyadato 'sti vijñātṛ vijñānakriyākartṛ, tadevākṣaraṃ sarvabuddhidvāreṇa vijñānakriyākartṛ, nācetanaṃ pradhānamanyad vā |
etasminnu khalvakṣare gārgyākāśa otaśca protaśceti |
yadeva sākṣādaparokṣādbraṅma, ya ātmā sarvāntaro 'śanāyādi saṃsāradharmātītaḥ, yasminnākāśa otaśca protaśca, eṣā parā kāṣṭhā, eṣā parā gatiḥ, etat paraṃ brahma, etat pṛthivyāderākāśāntasya satyasya satyam || 11 ||

sā hovāca -- brāhmaṇā bhagavantas tad eva bahu manyadhvaṃ yad asmān namaskāreṇa mucyedhvam | na vai jātu yuṣmākam imaṃ kaścid brahmodyaṃ jeteti | tato ha vācaknavy upararāma ||

12. Then said Gargî: 'Venerable Brâhmans, you may consider it a great thing, if you get off by bowing before him. No one, I believe, will defeat him in any argument concerning Brahman.' After that Vâkaknavî held her peace.

sā hovāca - he brāhmaṇā bhagavantaḥ śṛṇuta madīyaṃ vacaḥ;tadeva bahu manyedhvam;kiṃ tat? yadasmād yājñavalkyānnamaskāreṇa mucyedhvam - asmai namaskāraṃ kṛtvā tadeva bahu manyadhvamityarthaḥ;jayastvasya manasāpi na āśaṃsanīyaḥ, kimuta kāryataḥ;kasmāt? na vai yuṣmākaṃ madhye jātu kadācidapīmaṃ yājñavalkyaṃ brahmodyaṃ prati jetā | praśnau cenamahyaṃ vakṣyati, na jetā bhaviteti pūrvameva mayā pratijñātam;adyāpi mamāyameva niścayaḥ - brahmodyaṃ pratyetattulyo na kaścid vidyata iti | tato ha vācaknavyupararāma | atra antaryāmibrāhmaṇe etad uktam - yaṃ pṛthivī na veda, yaṃ sarvāṇi bhūtāni na vidiriti ca | yamantaryāmiṇaṃ na vidurye ca na viduryacca tadakṣaraṃ darśanādakriyākartṛtvena sarveṣāṃ cetanādidhāturityuktam-kastveṣāṃ viśeṣaḥ kiṃ vā sāmānyamiti | tatra kecidācakṣate-parasya mahāsamudrasthānāyasya brahmaṇo 'kṣarasya apracalitatvarūpasyeṣatpracalitāvasthāntaryāmī;atyantapracalitāvasthā kṣetrajñaḥ, yastaṃ na vedāntaryāmiṇam;tathānyāḥ pañcāvasthāḥ parikalpayanti, tathā aṣṭāvasthā brahmaṇo bhavantīti vadanti | anye 'kṣarasya śaktaya etā iti vadanti, anantaśaktimadakṣaramiti ca | anye tvakṣarasya vikārā iti vadanti | avasthāśaktī tāvannopapadyeto akṣarasya, aśanāyādisaṃsāradharmātītatvaśruteḥ | na hyaśanāyādyatītatvamaśanāyādidharmavadavasthāvattvaṃ caikasya yugapadupapadyate;tathā śaktimattvaṃ ca | vikārāvayavatve ca doṣāḥ pradarśitāścaturthe | tasmādetā asatyāḥ sarvāḥ kalpanāḥ | kastarhi meda eṣām? upādhikṛta iti brūmaḥ;na svata eṣāṃ medo 'medo vā, saindhavaghanavat prajñānadhanaikarasasvāmāvyāt,"apūrvamanaparamanantaramabāhyam""ayamātmā brahma"iti ca śruteḥ | "savāhyābhyāntaro hyajaḥ"iti cātharvaṇe | tasmānnirūpādhikasyātmano nirūpākhyātvānnirviśeṣatvādekatvācca"neti neti"iti vyapadeśo bhavati | avidyākāmakarmaviśiṣṭakāryakaraṇopādhirātmā saṃsārī jiva ucyate | nityaniratiśayajñāna śaktyupādhirātmāntaryāmīśvara ucyate, sa eva nirūpādhiḥ kevalaḥ śudvaḥ svena svabhāvenākṣaraṃ para ucyate, tathā hiraṇyagarmāvyākṛtadevatājātipiṇḍamanuṣyatiryakpretādikāryakaraṇopādh ibhirviśiṣṭastadākhyastadarūpo bhavati | tathā"tadejati tannaijati"iti vyākhyātam |
tathā"eṣa ta ātmā" "eṣa sarvabhūtāntarātmā" "eṣa sarveṣu bhūteṣu gūḍhaḥ" "tattavamasi" "ahamevedaṃ sarvam" "ātmaivedaṃ sarvam" "nānyo 'to 'sti draṣṭā"ityādiśrutayo na virudhyante |
kalpanāntareṣvetāḥ śrutayo na gacchanti |
tasmādupādhimedenaila eṣāṃ medo nānyathā |
'ekamevādvitīyam'ityavadhāraṇāt sarveṣaniṣatsu || 12 ||
iti tṛtīyādhyāyeṣṭamamakṣarabrāhmaṇam || 8 ||
atha hainaṃ vidagdhaḥ śākalyaḥ papraccha | pṛthivyādīnāṃ sūkṣmatāratamyakrameṇa pūrvasya pūrvasya uttarasminnuttarasminnotaprotabhāvaṃ kathayan sarvāntaraṃ brahma prakāśitavān tasya ca brahmaṇo vyākṛtaviṣaye sūtramedeṣu niyantṛtvamuktam-vyākṛtaviṣaye vyaktaraṃ liṅgamiti | tasyaiva brahmaṇaḥ sākṣādaparokṣatve niyantavyadevatāmedasaṃkocavikā sadvāreṇādhigantavye iti tadarya śākalyabrāhmaṇamāramyate--

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