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Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣat
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Click to Expand/Collapse OptionTitle
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 1
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 2
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 3
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 4
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 5
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionAdhyāya 6
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atha hainam uṣastaś cākrāyaṇaḥ papraccha | yājñavalkyeti hovāca -- yat sākṣād aparokṣād brahma ya ātmā sarvāntaras taṃ me vyācakṣveti | eṣa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ | yaḥ prāṇena prāṇiti sa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ | yo 'pānenāpāniti sa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ | yo vyānena vyaniti sa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ | ya udānenodaniti sa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ | eṣa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ || 
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FOURTH BRÂHMANA
1. Then Ushasta Kâkrâyana asked. 'Yâgñavalkya,' he said, 'tell me the Brahman which is visible, not invisible, the Self (âtman), who is within all.'
Yâgñavalkya replied: 'This, thy Self, who is within all.' 'Which Self, O Yâgñavalkya, is within all?'
Yâgñavalkya replied: 'He who breathes in the up-breathing, he is thy Self, and within all. He who breathes in the down-breathing, he is thy Self, and within all. He who breathes in the on-breathing, he is thy Self, and within all. He who breathes in the out-breathing, he is thy Self, and within all. This is thy Self, who is within all.' 
atha hainamuṣastaścākrāyaṇaḥ papraccha | puṇyapāpaprayuktairgrahātigrahairgṛhītaḥ punaḥ punargrahātigrahāṃstyajannupādadatsaṃsaratītyuktam | puṇyasya ca para utkarṣo vyākhyāto vyākṛtaviṣayaḥ samaṣṭivyaṣṭirūpo dvaitaikatvātmaprāptiḥ | yastu grahātigrahairgrastaḥ saṃsarati so 'sti vā nāstyastitve ca kiṃlakṣaṇa ityātmana eva vivekādhigamāyoṣastapraśna ārabhyate | tasya ca nirupādhisvarūpasya kriyākārakavinirmuktasvabhāvasyādhigamādyathoktādvandhanādvimucyate saprayojakāt | ākhyāyikāsaṃbandhastu prasiddhaḥ | atha hainaṃ prakṛtaṃ yājñavalkyamuṣasto nāmataścakrasyāpatyaṃ cākrāyaṇaḥ papraccha | yadbrahma sākṣādavyavahitaṃ kenaciddraṣṭuraparokṣādagauṇam | na śrotrabrahmādivat | kiṃ tat | ya ātmā | ātmaśabdena pratyagātmocyate | tatrā'tmaśabdasya prasiddhatvāt | sarvasyābhyantaraḥ sarvāntaraḥ yadyaḥśabdābhyāṃ prasiddha ātmā brahmeti | tamātmānaṃ me mahyaṃ vyācakṣveti | viṣpaṣṭaṃ śṛṅge gṛhītvā yathā gāṃ darśayati tathā'cakṣva so 'yamityevaṃ kathayasvetyarthaḥ | evamuktaḥ pratyāha yājñavalkyaḥ-eṣu te tavā'tmā sarvāntaraḥ sarvasyābhyantaraḥ | sarvaviśeṣaṇopalabhaṇārtha sarvāntaragrahaṇam | yatsākṣādavyavahitamaparokṣādagauṇaṃ brahma bṛhattamamātmā sarvasyābhyantara etairguṇaiḥ samastairukta eṣaḥ | ko 'sau tavā'tmā | yo 'yaṃ kāryakaraṇasaṃghātastava yenā'tmanā'tmavānsa eṣa tavātmā | tava kāryakaraṇasaṃghātasyetyarthaḥ | tatra piṇḍastamyābhyantare liṅgātmā karaṇasaṃghātastṛtīyo yaśca saṃdihyamānasteṣu katamo mamā'tmā sarvāntarastvayā vivakṣita ityukta itara āha-yaḥ prāṇena mukhanāsikāsaṃcāriṇā prāṇiti prāṇaceṣṭāṃ karoti yena prāṇaḥ praṇīyata ityarthaḥ | sa te taba kāryakaraṇasaṃghātasyā'tmā vijñānamayaḥ | samānamanyat | yo 'pānenāpānīti | yo vyānena vyānītīti cchāndasaṃ dairdhyam |
sarvāḥ kāryakaraṇasaṃghātagatāḥ prāṇanādiceṣṭā dāruyantrasyeva yena kriyante |
nahi cetanāvadanadhiṣṭhatasya dāruyantrasyeva prāṇanādiceṣṭā vidyante |
tasmādvijñānamayenādhiṣṭhitaṃ vilakṣaṇena dāruyantravatprāṇanādiceṣṭāṃ pratipadyate |
tasmātso 'sti kāryakaraṇasaṃghātavilakṣaṇo yaściṣṭayati || 1 || 
sa hovācoṣastaś cākrāyaṇaḥ -- yathā vai brūyād asau gaur asāv aśva ity evam evaitad vyapadiṣṭaṃ bhavati | yad eva sākṣād aparokṣād brahma ya ātmā sarvāntaras taṃ me vyācakṣveti | eṣa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ | katamo yājñavalkya sarvāntaraḥ | na dṛṣṭer draṣṭāraṃ paśyeḥ | na śruteḥ śrotāraṃ śṛṇuyāḥ | na mater mantāraṃ manvīthā | na vijñāter vijñātāraṃ vijānīyāḥ | eṣa ta ātmā sarvāntaraḥ | ato 'nyad ārtam | tato hoṣastaś cākrāyaṇa upararāma || 
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2. Ushasta Kâkrâyana said: 'As one might say, this is a cow, this is a horse, thus has this been explained by thee. Tell me the Brahman which is visible, not invisible, the Self, who is within all.'
Yâgñavalkya replied: 'This, thy Self, who is within all.' 'Which Self, O Yâgñavalkya, is within all?'
Yâgñavalkya replied: 'Thou couldst not see the (true) seer of sight, thou couldst not hear the (true) hearer of hearing, nor perceive the perceiver of perception, nor know the knower of knowledge. This is thy Self, who is within all. Everything also is of evil.' After that Ushasta Kâkrâyana held his peace. 
sa hovācoṣastaścākrāyaṇo yathā kaścidanyathā pratijñāya pūrvaṃ punarvipratipanno brūyādanyathāsau gaurasāvaśvo yaścalati dhāvatīti vā pūrvaṃ pratyakṣaṃ darśayāmiti pratijñāya paścāccalanādiliṅgairvyapadiśatyevamevaitadbrahma prāṇanādiliṅgairvyapadiṣṭaṃ bhavati tvayā | kiṃ bahunā tyaktvā gotṛṣṇānimittaṃ vyājaṃ yadeva sākṣādaparokṣādbrahma ya ātmā sarvāntarastaṃ me vyācakṣveti | itara āha-yathā mayā prathamaṃ pratijñātastavā'tmava (tmā vi) lakṣaṇa iti tāṃ pratijñāmanuvarta eva | tattathaiva yathokta mayā | yatpunaruktaṃ tamātmānaṃ ghaṭādivadviṣayīkurviti tadaśakyatvānna kriyate | kasmātpunastadaśakyamiti | āha | vastusvābhāvyāt | kiṃ punastadvastusvābhāvyam | dṛṣṭayādidraṣṭṛtvam | dṛṣṭerdraṣṭā hyātmā | dṛṣṭiriti dvividhā bhavati laukikī pāramārthikī ceti | tatra laukikī cakṣuḥsaṃyuktāntaḥkaraṇavṛttiḥ | sā kriyata iti jāyate vinaśyati ca | yā tvātmano dṛṣṭiragnyuṣṇaprakāśādivatsā ca draṣṭaḥ svarūpatvānna jāyate na vinaśyati ca | sā kriyamāṇayopādhibhūtayā saṃsṛṣṭeveti vyapadiśyate draṣṭeti bhedavacca draṣṭā dṛṣṭiriti ca | yāsau laukikī dṛṣṭiścakṣurdvārā rūpoparaktā jāyamānaiva nityayā'tmadṛṣṭyā saṃsṛṣṭeva tatpraticchāyā tayā vyāptaiva jāyate tathā vinaśyati ca tenopacaryate draṣṭā sadā paśyannapi paśyati na paśyati ceti | na tu punardraṣṭurdṛṣṭeḥ kadācidapyanyathātvam | tathā ca vakṣyati ṣaṣṭhe-dhyāyatīva lelāyatīva | nahi draṣṭurdṛṣṭerviparilopo vidyata iti ca | tamimamarthamāha-laukikyā dṛṣṭeḥ karmabhūtāyā draṣṭāraṃ svakīyayā nityayā dṛṣṭyā vyāptāraṃ na paśyeḥ | yāsau laukikī dṛṣṭiḥ karmabhūtā sā rūpoparaktā rūpābhivyañjikā nā'tmānaṃ svātmano vyāptāraṃ pratyañcaṃ vyāpnoti | tasmāttaṃ pratyagātmānaṃ dṛṣṭedraṣṭāraṃ na paśyeḥ | tathā śruteḥ śrotāraṃ na śṛṇuyāḥ | tathā matermanovṛtteḥ kevalāyā vyāptāraṃ na manvīthāḥ | tathā vijñāteḥ kevalāyā buddhivṛttervyāptāraṃ na vijānīyāḥ | eṣa vastunaḥ svabhāvo 'to naiva darśayituṃ śakyate gavādivat | na dṛṣṭerdraṣṭāramityatrākṣarāṇyanyathā vyācakṣate kecit | na dṛṣṭerdraṣṭāraṃ dṛṣṭeḥ kartāraṃ dṛṣṭibhedamakṛtvā dṛṣṭimātrasya kartāraṃ na paśyeriti | dṛṣṭeriti karmaṇi ṣaṣṭhī | sā dṛṣṭiḥ kriyamāṇā ghaṭavatkarma bhavati | draṣṭāramiti tṛjantena draṣṭurdṛṣṭikartṛtvamācaṣṭe | tenāsau dṛṣṭerdraṣṭā dṛṣṭeḥ karteti vyākhyātṛṇāmabhiprāyaḥ | tatra dṛṣṭeriti ṣaṣṭhyantena dṛṣṭigrahaṇaṃ nirarthakamiti doṣaṃ na paśyanti paśyatāṃ vā punaruktamasāraḥ pramādapāṭha iti vā nā'daraḥ | kathaṃ punarādhikyaṃ tṛjantenaiva dṛṣṭikartṛtvasya siddhatvāddṛṣṭeriti nirarthakam | tadā draṣṭāraṃ na paśyerityetāvadeva vaktavyam | yasmāddhātoḥ parastṛcchūyate taddhātvarthakartari hi tṛcsmaryate | gantāraṃ bhattāraṃ vā nayatītyetāvāneva hi śabdaḥ prayujyate | na tu gatergantāraṃ bhiderbhettāramityasatyarthaviśeṣe prayoktavyaḥ | na cārthavādatvena hātavyaṃ satyāṃ gatau | na ca pramādapāṭhaḥ | sarveṣāmavigānāt | tasmādvyākhyātṛṇāmeva buddhidaurbalyaṃ nādhyetṛpramādaḥ yathā tvasmābhirvyākhyātaṃ laukikadṛṣṭervivicya nityadṛṣṭiviśiṣṭa ātmā pradarśayitavyastathā kartṛkarmaviśeṣaṇatvena dṛṣṭiśabdasya dviḥprayoga upapadyata ātmasvarūpanirdhāraṇāya | 'nahi draṣṭurdṛṣṭeri'ti ca pradeśāntaravākyenaivaikavākyatopapannā bhavati | tathā ca"cakṣūṃṣi paśyati""śrotramidaṃ śrutam"iti śrutyantareṇaikavākyatopapannā | nyāyācca | evameva hyātmano nityatvamupapadyate vikriyābhāve vikriyāvacca nityamiti ca vipratiṣiddham | "dhyāyatīva lelāyatīva" "nahi draṣṭurdṛṣṭerviparilopo vidyate" "eṣa nityo mahimā brāhmaṇasya"iti ca śrutyakṣarāṇyanyathā na gacchanti | nanu draṣṭā śrotā mantā vijñātetyevamādīnyapyakṣarāṇyātmano 'vikriyatve na gacchantīti | na | yathāprāptalaukikavākyānuvāditvātteṣām | nā'tmatattvanirdhāraṇārthāni tāni | dṛṣṭerdraṣṭāramityevamādīnāmanyārthāsambhavādyathoktārthaparatvamavagamyate | tasmādanavabodhādeva hi viśeṣaṇaṃ parityaktaṃ dṛṣṭerdraṣṭāramityevamādīnāmanyārthāsambhavādyathoktārthaparatvamavagamyate | tasmādanavabodhādeva hi viśeṣaṇaṃ parityaktaṃ dṛṣṭeriti |
eṣa te tavā'tmā sarvairuktairviśeṇaṇairviśiṣṭaḥ |
ata etasmādātmano 'nyadārta kārya vā śarīraṃ karaṇātmakaṃ vā liṅgam |
etadevaikamanārtamavināśi kūṭastham |
tato hoṣastaścākrāyaṇa upararāma || 2 ||
iti bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣye tṛtīyādhyāyasya caturtha brāhmaṇam || 4 || 
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