ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√ǦWD
▪ ǦWD_1 ‘(to be) excellent, generous; racing horse; heavy rain; art of Qur’an recitation’ ↗ǧāda
▪ ǦWD_2 †‘to be warm; flame, passion, thurst; to consume, destroy, kill’
▪ ǦWD_3 ‘water skin, gourd’: only SyrAr.♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘horses, to seek a horse; generosity, generous person; goodness, excellence, nobility; rain-laden clouds’
Of the three basic values listed in DRS, only ǦWD_1 seems to have survived into MSA. This latter value, however, shows quite a variety of diversifications and specialisations, such as ‘to be good, excellent’, ‘generosity, liberality, openhandedness’, ‘racing horse’, ‘the art of Qur’an recitation’, and ‘heavy rain’, see ↗ǧāda. – In ClassAr, one still finds (Lane ii-1865) the pass. vb. †ǧīda, ipfv. yuǧādu ‘to become affected by thirst, be at the point of death or destruction; to become affected, or overcome, or distressed, by drowsiness, or slumber’, †ʔaǧāda (vb. IV) ‘to slay, kill’, †ǧawdaẗ ‘a single affection with thirst, a thirsting’, †ǧuwād ‘thirst; drowsiness, slumber’, belonging to ǦWD_2.
▪ See below, section DISC.
▪ …
▪ DRS 2: 105-6 distinguishes three items where Ar is involved: (1) Ar ǧāda ‘être excellent, généreux’; ǧawād‑; SAr gwd ‘cheval de course’; Mhr gid ‘bon, habile’. Syr gᵉwād ‘cheval noble’ is believed to be from Ar ǧawād. »Faut-il rapprocher Tna gado and Te Amh gud ‘merveilleux’? En Amh le sens est souvent péjoratif: ‘monstreux’.« – (2) Syr gād ‘être chaud’, Ar ǧāda ‘consumer, épuiser qn.’, ǧūd ‘flamme, passion, soif’. – (3) Akk gūd‑, nHbr god, JP gōdā, Syr gawdā ‘outre’; Mand guda ‘sac de cuir, bourse'; SyrAr ǧūd ‘utricule, gourde’.
▪ Leslau 1987 relates Gz gāyada ‘be quick (horse), be fast, be nimble’ and gayyəd, gāyəd ‘fast (horse), quick, nimble’ to Ar †‘be swift (horse)’, Ḥrs ged (gyd) ‘good, fine’, SAr gwd ‘swift’.
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