▪ FṬR_1 ‘…’ ↗… ▪ FṬR_2 ‘Creator’ ↗fāṭir ▪ FṬR_3 ‘…’ ↗…♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘fungi; nature, instinct; to crack open, to rend, to split; to bring out; to fashion; to break the fast’
From protSem *√PṬR ‘to split, separate, detach’ – Huehnergard2011. …
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▪ Bergsträsser1928: (*‘?’) Akk pṭr (u) ‘to loosen, remove’, Hbr pṭra (a) ‘to release, set free’, Syr pṭra (a) ‘to loosen, take away’, Gz fṭra (e) ‘to create’. ▪ …
▪ Huehnergard (in AHDEL): NWSem *PRṬ ‘to break, rend’. ▪ The root probably belongs to the idea of ‘cutting, separating’ attached to the pre-protSem 2-consonantal root nucleus *PR- as described by Ehret1989#37. For other extensions from the same pre-protSem *PR- see ↗faraǧa (farǧ) ‘to put asunder, separate, split’, ↗farada (furūd) ‘to be single, isolated, be unique’, ↗faraza (farz) ‘to separate, set apart, secrete, select’, ↗farasa (fars) ‘to break the neck, tear the prey into pieces’, ↗faraša (farš) ‘to spread on the floor, spread out’, ↗faršaḥa, var. faršaḫa, ‘to straddle, stand with one’s legs apart’, ↗furṣaẗ ‘chance, auspicious moment; holiday’ (i.e., s.th. that comes like a ‘cut’ in normal life), ↗furḍaẗ ‘notch, incision, opening’, ↗faraṭa (farṭ) ‘to beat off, stripp off (fruits)’, ↗faraʕa (farʕ) ‘to prune a tree’, ↗faraqa (farq) ‘to split, separate’, ↗farama (farm) ‘to cut small, hash’, ↗farà (fary) ‘to cut, cleave, sever’; cf. also ↗farra (firār) ‘to flee, run away’, ↗faraṭa (farṭ) ‘to escape inadvertedly, slip, get lost’.
▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl Eid al-Fitr, from Ar fiṭr ‘breaking a fast’; iftar, from Ar ʔifṭār, vn. of ʔafṭara ‘to break a fast’. Both a and b from Ar faṭara ‘to split, break, break a fast’.
▪ Jeffery1938: »It occurs only in the stereotyped phrase fāṭir al-samawāt wa’l-ʔarḍ. The root faṭara is ‘to cleave’ or ‘split’, and from this we have several forms in the Qurʔān, viz. fuṭūr ‘a fissure’, tafaṭṭara ‘to be rent asunder’, etc. On the other hand, faṭara ‘to create’ (cf. fiṭraẗ, xxx, 29), is a denominative from fāṭir. / The primary sense is common Sem, cf. Akk paṭāru ‘to cleave’, Hbr pāṭar, Phoen pṭr ‘to remove’, Syr pṭar ‘to release’, etc. The meaning of ‘to create’, however, is peculiar to Eth [Gz], and as Nöldeke, Neue Beiträge, 49, shows, the Arab fāṭir is derived from faṭāri though Arabicized in its form.1
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