▪ KʔS_1 ‘cup’ ↗kaʔs ♦ ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): No verbal root. kaʔs is considered to be an early borrowing, perh. from Aram, wine, a cup or glass containing wine (not when it is empty).
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kaʔs كَأْس , var. kās , pl. kuʔūs , kiʔās , kaʔsāt
▪ DRS 10 (2012)#Kʔ/WS: Akk kās , Ug ks, Hbr kōs, Aram kāsā ‘coupe, gobelet’. ▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#1401: Akk kāsu ‘vessel for beer’, Hbr kōs ‘bowl’. – Outside Sem: Eg k3s ‘vessel’, Hausa kōc̣ō ‘kind of drum’, and CCh words like kwasa-ra, kwiči-te, kwes-tə, kwaʒa, koso-ro, kwoso-to, kwəʒa, kwāʒa. ▪ TB2007 #253: (Sem forms like in Orel&Stolbova1994). Outside Sem: (late) Eg k3s ‘vessel’; WCh: Hausa kṑc̣ó; CCh: kùčè-ta (in 3 languages), kwàʒa (3 lang.), kwaʒà (2 lang.), and kwǝšà-rà, gwâdǯa, kwǝ̀ǯa, kùsù-re, kóso-ró (1 lang. each); ECh: kɛ̀-kɛ́ɛsè ‘pot, mug’ (1 lang.)
▪ DRS 10 (2012)#Kʔ/WS: »La forme étymologique est-elle kaʔs… ou kās ? Edzard a suggéré que kaʔs serait secondaire, analogique de raʔs. ▪ Jeffrey1938, 245-6: »It is found only in early passages in descriptions of the pleasures of Paradise. – This is not a SSem word, as it is entirely lacking in Eth [Gz] and without a root and of uncertain pl. in Ar. There can thus be little doubt of its Aram origin.1
– The Hbr word is kōs, while in the Ras Shamra texts we have ks, and in Aram kwsʔ, ksʔ, and kwzʔ (cf. Arab kūz), and Syr kāsā.2
As the Syr kāsā seems to be the source of the Pers kāseh3
, we may take it as most probable that the Ar also was borrowed at an early period4
from the same source.« ▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#1401 reconstructs Sem *kaʔs‑ ‘vessel for beerbowl’, WCh *kwac‑ ‘kind of drum’ (contracted from *kaʔwac‑), CCh *kwac‑ (contraction from *kaʔwac‑ ?) ‘quiver’. As an AfrAs ancestor the authors reconstruct AfrAs *kaʔoc‑ ‘vessel’. ▪ TB2007 reconstruct: Sem *kaʔs- ¹‘vessel for beer’, ²‘bowl’, Eg k3s ‘vessel’, WCh *k˅ʔwac‑ ‘¹kind of a drum; ²gourd-dipper’, ECh *k˅-k˅s‑ ‘pot, mug’, all from AfrAs *kaʔ/wac- ‘vessel, receptacle’