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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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qilw قِلْو , var. qilaⁿ, qily 
ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QLW/Y 
n. 
alkali, base, lye (chem.) – WehrCowan1976. 
▪ Orig., *‘roasted mineral, potashes’, from ↗¹qalā, vb. I, ‘to fry, bake, roast’.
▪ According to Ullmann (see below, section DISC) from Aram qelyā ‘potash, potassium carbonate; soda, sodium carbonate’.
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▪ Cf. also ↗¹qalā. 
▪ »al-Qily, (also al-qilā, according to Abu ’l-Ḥasan al-Liḥyānī also al-qilw […]; the word is derived from Aram qelyā), ‘potash, potassium carbonate [K₂CO₃]’, but also ‘soda, sodium carbonate [Na₂CO₃]’ (both materials were not clearly distinguished, therefore the Ar term is kept in what follows). Al-qily thus indicates the salt which is won from the ashes of alkaline plants, but is also confusingly used for the ashes themselves and the lye. As synonyms are given šabb al-ʕuṣfur and šabb al-ʔasākifaẗ […]. The plants or families of plants rimṯ(Haloxylonarticulatum Cav.) and ḥamḍ (Chenopodiaceae) serve as the standard plants employed. According to Abū Ḥanīfaẗ al-Dīnawarī […] the best potash is won from al-ḥuruḍ (Arthroenemum c.q. Seidlitzia), the so-called “potash of the dyers” (qily al-ṣabbāġīn). The other sorts sufficed for the fabrication of glass. […] / Qily is used for various purposes: in the absence of soap (ṣābūn), clothes are washed with it […]. Chemists used it to manufacture pungent lyes […]. / A prominent part is played by al-qily in the manufacture of glass. It is melted together with sand and magnesia and thus produces the “substance of glass” (ǧawhar al-zuǧāǧ […]). Above all, it happens that the glass easily absorbs the various colorations […]. / Because of its biting, burning and purifying effect al-qily is used in medicine to treat skin diseases like vitiligo (↗bahaq), leprosy (↗baraṣ), scabies (↗ǧarab) and also wounds and sores (↗ǧirāḥ, qurūḥ). Morbid growths are also etched with it […]. Many people apply al-qily and vinegar on scorpion stings […]« – M. Ullmann, art. »al-Qily«, in EI².
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▪ Engl alkali, lC14, ‘soda ash’, from mLat alkali, from Ar al-qaliy ‘the ashes, burnt ashes’ (of saltwort, which abounds in soda due to growing in alkaline soils), from qalà ‘to roast in a pan’. Later extended to similar substances, natural or manufactured. The modern chemistry sense is from 1813 – EtymOnline (as of 18Sep2020).
▪ Engl alkali, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, from Ar (al‑)qily ‘the ashes, lye, potash’, from qalà ‘to fry, roast’ – Huehnergard2011. 
►qilwī, adj., alkaline, basic: nisba formation of qilw | al‑qilwiyyāt, n.nhum.pl., the bases (chem.)
►taqliyaẗ, n.f., alcalization (chem.): vn. II.
 
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