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Laṅkāvatārasūtra

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ā ī ū ṛ ṝ ḷ
ḹ ’ ṃ ḥ ṅ ñ
ṭ ḍ ṇ ṣ ś ź
š č ǰ γ    
Note on the transliteration:
The transliteration system of the BP/TLB is based on the Unicode/UTF-8 system. However, there may be difficulties with some of the letters – particularly on PC/Windows-based systems, but not so much on the Mac. We have chosen the most accepted older and traditional systems of transliteration against, e.g, Wylie for Tibetan, since with Unicode it is possible, in Sanskrit and Tibetan, etc., to represent one sound with one letter in almost all the cases (excepting Sanskrit and Tibetan aspirated letters, and Tibetan tsa, tsha, dza). We thus do not use the Wylie system which widely employs two letters for one sound (ng, ny, sh, zh etc.).
 
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Laṅkāvatārasūtra
    Click to Expand/Collapse Option Complete text
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER ONE. RĀVANA, LORD OF LANKĀ, ASKS FOR INSTRUCTION
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER TWO. COLLECTION OF ALL THE DHARMAS
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER THREE. ON IMPERMANENCY
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER FOUR. ON INTUITIVE UNDERSTANDING
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER FIVE. ON THE DEDUCTION OF THE PERMANENCY OF TATHAGATAHOOD
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER SIX. ON MOMENTARINESS
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER SEVEN. ON TRANSFORMATION
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER EIGHT. ON MEAT-EATING
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionCHAPTER NINE. THE DHĀRANĪS
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionSAGĀTHAKAM
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sarṣape hy aṇavaḥ kyanto rakṣikā sarṣapāḥ kati |
katirakṣiko bhaven māṣo dharaṇaṃ māṣakāḥ kati || 2.76 || 
(4)是各有幾數　爲有幾阿㝹
(5)名舍梨沙婆　幾舍梨沙婆
(6)名爲一頼提　幾頼提摩沙
(7)1爲摩沙陀那　2幾摩沙陀那 
芥子幾微塵
(c15)幾芥成草子　幾草子成豆
(c16)幾銖成一兩　幾兩成一分 
(b7)幾塵成芥子　幾芥成草子
(b8)復以幾草子　而成於一豆 
. 
. 
76. How many atoms are there in a mustard-seed? How many mustard-seeds are there in a rakshika? How many in a bean, in a dharana, in a mashaka? 
karṣo hi dharaṇāḥ kyantaḥ palaṃ vai kati kārṣikā | palaṃ vai kati kārṣikā|
etena piṇḍalakṣaṇaṃ meruḥ katipalo bhavet || 2.77 || 
(8)名爲陀那羅　復幾陀那羅
(9)爲迦梨沙那　幾迦梨沙那
(10)爲成一波羅　此等積聚相
(11)幾波羅彌樓　是等所應請 
(c17)如是次第數　幾分成須彌
 
(b9)幾豆成一銖　幾銖成一兩
(b10)幾兩成一斤　幾斤成須彌 
. 
. 
77. How many dharanas are there in a karsha? How many karshas in a pala? and how many palas are there in Mount Sumeru which is a huge accumulation [of masses]? 
evaṃ hi pṛccha māṃ putra anyathā kiṃ nu pṛcchasi | pratyekaśrāvakāṇāṃ hi buddhānāṃ ca jinaurasām |
(32*)katyaṇuko bhavet kāyaḥ kiṃ nu evaṃ na pṛcchasi || 2.78 || 
(12)何須問餘事　聲聞辟支佛
(13)佛及最勝子　身各有幾數
(14)何故不問此 
(c18)佛子今何故　不如是問我
(c19)縁覺聲聞等　諸佛及佛子
(c20)身幾微塵成　何故不問此 
(b11)此等所應請　何因問餘事
(b12)聲聞辟支佛　諸佛及佛子 
. 
. 
78. You should ask me thus, O son! Why do you ask me otherwise? How many atoms are there in the body of a Pratyekabuddha, of a Śrāvaka, of a Buddha, and of a Bodhisattva? (32) Why do you not ask me in this wise? 
vahneḥ śikhā katyaṇukā pavane hy aṇavaḥ kati |
indriye indriye kyanto romakūpe bhruvoḥ kati || 2.79 || 
火焔幾阿㝹
(15)風阿㝹復幾　根根幾阿㝹
(16)毛孔眉毛幾 
(c21)火炎有幾塵　風微塵有幾
(c22)根根幾塵數　毛孔眉幾塵 
(b13)如是等身量　各有幾微塵
(b14)火風各幾塵　一一根有幾
(b15)眉及諸毛孔　復各幾塵成
(b16)如是等諸事　云何不問我 
. 
. 
79. How many atoms are there at the top of a flame? How many atoms are in the wind? How many in each sense-organ? How many in a pore of the skin? in the eyebrows? 
dhaneśvarā narāḥ kena rājānaś cakravartinaḥ |
rājyaṃ ca taiḥ kathaṃ rakṣyaṃ mokṣaś caiṣāṃ kathaṃ bhavet || 2.80 || 
護財自在王
(17)轉輪聖帝王　云何王守護
(18)云何爲解脱 廣説及句説 
(c23)何因則自在　轉輪聖帝主
(c24)何因王守護　解脱廣略説 
(b17)云何得財富　云何轉輪王
(b18)云何王守護　云何得解脱 
. 
. 
80. Whence are these men of immense wealth, kings, great sovereigns? How is the kingdom taken care of by them? And how about their emancipation? 
gadyaṃ padyaṃ kathaṃ brūṣe maithunaṃ lokaviśrutā |
annapānasya vaicitryaṃ naranārivanāḥ katham || 2.81 || 
(19)如汝之所問　衆生種種欲
(20)種種諸飮食　云何男女林 
(c25)種種衆生欲　云何而問我
(c26)何因諸飮食　何因男女林 
(b19)云何長行句　婬欲及飮食
(b20)云何男女林 
. 
. 
81. Tell whence is prose and metre. Why is sexual desire universally cherished? Whence is the variety of foods and drinks? Whence the man-woman forest? 
vajrasaṃhananāḥ kena hy acalā brūhi me katham |
māyāsvapnanibhāḥ kena mṛgatṛṣṇopamāḥ katham || 2.82 || 
(21)金剛堅固山　云何如幻夢 
(c27)金剛堅固山　爲我説云何
(c28)何因如幻夢　野鹿渇愛譬 
金剛等諸山　(b21)幻夢渇愛譬 
. 
. 
82. Wherefore are the mountains of Vajrasamhanana? Tell me whence, wherefore; are they like a vision, a dream, and a fata-morgana?1  
ghanānāṃ saṃbhavaḥ kutra ṛtūnāṃ ca kuto bhavet |
rasānāṃ rasatā kasmāt kasmāt strīpuṃnapuṃsakam || 2.83 || 
(22)野鹿渇愛譬 
(c29)何因而有雲　何因有六時
(521a1)何因種種味　男女非男女 
諸雲從何起
(b22)時節云何有　何因種種味(b23)女男及不男 
. 
. 
83. Whence is the arising of clouds? And whence do the seasons rise? Whence is the nature of taste? Whence is woman, man, and hermaphrodite? 
śobhāś ca jinaputrāś ca kutra me pṛccha māṃ suta |
kathaṃ hi acalā divyā ṛṣigandharvamaṇḍitāḥ || 2.84 || 
云何山天仙
(23)犍闥婆莊嚴　解脱至何所 
(a2)何因諸莊嚴　佛子何因問
(a3)云何諸妙山　仙樂人莊嚴 
佛菩薩嚴飾
(b24)云何諸妙山　仙闥婆莊嚴 
. 
. 
84. Whence are the adornments and the Bodhisattvas? Ask me, O my son! Whence are the divine mountains embellished by the Rishis and Gandharvas? 
muktasya gamanaṃ kutra baddhaḥ kaḥ kena mucyate |
dhyāyināṃ viṣayaḥ ko ’sau nirmāṇastīrthakāni ca || 2.85 || 
(24)誰縛誰解脱　云何禪境界
(25)變化及外道 
(a4)解脱至何所　誰縛云何縛
(a5)云何禪境界　涅槃及外道 
(b25)解脱至何所　誰縛誰解脱
(b26)云何禪境界　變化及外道 
. 
. 
85. Whence is the way of emancipation? Who is in bondage? By whom is he delivered? What is the state of one who practises tranquillisation? What is transformation, and who are those philosophers? 
(16,1) asatsadakriyā kena kathaṃ dṛśyaṃ nivartate |
kathaṃ hi śudhyate tarkaḥ kena tarkaḥ pravartate || 2.86 || 
云何無因作
(26)云何有因作　有因無因作
(27)及非有無因 
(a6)云何無因作　何因可見縛
(a7)何因淨諸覺　何因有諸覺 
(b27)云何無因作　云何有因作
(b28)云何轉諸見　云何起計度
(b29)云何淨計度 
. 
. 
86. What is meant by non-existence, existence, and no-effect? Whence arises the visible world? (33) How can one be cleansed of false intellection? Whence does false intellection arise? 
kriyā pravartate kena gamanaṃ brūhi me katham |
saṃjñāyāś chedanaṃ kena samādhiḥ kena cocyate || 2.87 || 
云何現已滅
(28)云何淨諸覺　云何諸覺轉
(29)及轉諸所作　云何斷諸想
(482b1)云何三昧起 
(a8)何因轉所作　幸願爲我説
(a9)何因斷諸想　何因出三昧 
所作云何起
(592c1)云何而轉去　云何斷諸想
(c2)云何起三昧 
. 
. 
87. Whence arises action? And whence its departure? Tell me. How does the extinction of thought take place? And what is meant by a Samādhi? 
vidārtha tribhavaṃ ko ’sau kiṃ sthānaṃ kā tanur bhavet |
asatyātmakathā kena saṃvṛtyā deśanā katham || 2.88 || 
破三有者誰
(2)何處爲何身　云何無衆生
(3)而説有吾我　云何世俗説 
(a10)破三有者誰　何因身何處
(a11)云何無人我　何因依世説 
破三有者誰
(c3)何處身云何　云何無有我
(c4)云何隨俗説 
. 
. 
88. Who is the one that breaks through the triple world? What is the position? What is the body? Wherefore the doctrine that beings have no ego-soul? What is meant by a teaching in accordance with the world?1 
lakṣaṇaṃ pṛcchase kena nairātmyaṃ pṛcchase katham |
garbhā naiyāyikāḥ kena pṛcchase māṃ jinaurasāḥ || 2.89 || 
(4)＊唯願廣分別　所問相云何
(5)及所問非我　云何爲胎藏
(6)及種種異身 
(a12)何因問我相　云何問無我
(a13)云何爲胎藏　汝何因問我 
 
. 
. 
89. Do you ask me about the marks? Do you ask me about egolessness? Do you ask me about the womb, about the Nyaya philosophers, O son of the Victor? 
śāśvatocchedadṛṣṭiś ca kena cittaṃ sabhādhyate |
abhilāpas tathā jñānaṃ śīlaṃ gotraṃ jinaurasāḥ || 2.90 || 
云何斷常見
(7)云何心得定　言説及諸智
(8)戒種性佛子 
(a14)何因斷常見　何因心得定
(a15)何因言及智　界性諸佛子 
汝問相云何
(c5)及所問非我　云何爲胎藏
(c6)及以餘支分 
. 
. 
90. How about eternalism and nihilism? How is the mind tranquillised? Again [how about] speech, knowledge, morality, family, O son of the Victor? 
yuktavyākhyā guruśiṣyaḥ sattvānāṃ citratā katham |
annapānaṃ nabho meghā mārāḥ prajñaptimātrakam || 2.91 || 
云何成及論
(9)云何師弟子　種種諸衆生
(10)斯等復云何　云何爲飮食
(11)聰明3廣施設 
(a16)勘解師弟子　種種諸衆生
(a17)云何飮食魔　虚空聰明施 
云何斷常見
(c7)云何心一境　云何言説智
(c8)戒種性佛子 
. 
. 
91. What is meant by reasoning and illustrating, by master and disciple, by manifoldness of beings, food and drink, sky, intelligence, evil ones, and the statement that there is nothing but the thought-constructed? 
taruvallyaḥ kathaṃ kena pṛcchase māṃ jinaurasa |
kṣetrāṇi citratā kena ṛṣir dīrghatapās tathā || 2.92 || 
云何樹葛4縢
(12)最勝子所問　云何種種刹
(13)仙人長苦行 
(a18)何因有樹林　佛子何因問
(a19)云何種種刹　何因長壽仙 
云何稱理釋
(c9)云何師弟子　衆生種性別
(c10)飮食及虚空　聰明魔施設 
. 
. 
92. What do you ask me concerning trees and vines, O son of the Victor? What about diversity of lands, and about Long-Penance the Rishi?2  
vaṃśaḥ kaste guruḥ kena pṛcchase māṃ jinaurasa |
uhoḍimā narā yoge kāmadhātau na budhyase || 2.93 || 
云何爲族姓
(14)從何師受學　云何爲醜陋
(15)云何人修行　欲界何不覺
(16)阿迦膩吒成 
(a20)何因種種師　汝何因問我
(a21)何因有醜陋　修行不欲成
(a22)色究竟成道　云何而問我 
(c11)云何樹行布　是汝之所問
(c12)何因一切刹　種種相不同
(c13)或有如箜篌　腰鼓及衆花
(c14)或有離光明　仙人長苦行 
. 
. 
93. What is your family? Who is your master? You tell me, O son of the Victor. Who are the people who are despised? How is it that in the Yoga you do not attain enlightenment in the world of desire, but that in the Akaniṣṭha there is realisation? 
siddhānto hy akaniṣṭheṣu yuktiṃ pṛcchasi me katham |
(34*) abhijñāṃ laukikāṃ kena kathaṃ bhikṣutvam eva ca || 2.94 || 
云何俗5神通
(17)云何爲比丘 
(a23)何因世間通　何因爲比丘 
(c15)或有好族姓　令衆生尊重(c16)或有體卑陋　爲人所輕賤
(c17)云何欲界中　修行不成佛
(c18)而於色究竟　乃昇等正覺 
. 
. 
94. What do you ask me about reasoning? (34) What about the psychic faculties belonging to this world, and about the nature of a Bhikshu? 
nairmāṇikān vipākasthān buddhān pṛcchasi me katham |
tathatājñānabuddhā vai saṃghāś caiva kathaṃ bhavet || 2.95 || 
云何爲化佛
(18)云何爲報佛　云何6爲如如
(19)平等智慧佛　云何爲衆僧
 
(a24)云何化報佛　何因而問我
(a25)云何如智佛　云何爲衆僧 
(c19)云何世間人　而能獲神通
(c20)何因稱比丘 
. 
. 
95. Do you ask me about Buddhas of Transformation, Buddhas of Maturity [or Recompense]? About Buddhas of the Knowledge of Suchness? And whence is the Bodhisattva? 
vīṇāpaṇavapuṣpābhāḥ kṣetrā lokavivarjitāḥ |
cittaṃ hi bhūmayaḥ sapta pṛcchase māṃ jinaurasa |
etāṃś cānyāṃś ca subahūn praśnān pṛcchasi māṃ suta || 2.96 || 
(20)佛子如是問　箜篌腰鼓花
(21)刹土離光明　心地者有七 
(a26)箜篌鼓花刹　云何離光明
(a27)云何爲心地　佛子而問我 
何故名僧伽
(c21)云何化及報　眞如智慧佛 
. 
. 
96. You ask me, O son of the Victor, about the lands that are devoid of light, resembling a lute, a drum, and a flower, and about the mind abiding in the seven stages? 
ekaikaṃ lakṣaṇair yuktaṃ dṛṣṭidoṣavivarjitam |
siddhāntaṃ deśanāṃ vakṣye sahasā tvaṃ śṛṇohi me || 2.97 || 
(22)所問皆如實　此及餘衆多
(23)佛子所應問　一一相相應
(24)遠離諸見過　悉檀離言説 
(a28)此及餘衆生　佛子所應問
(a29)一一相相應　遠離諸見過 
(c22)云何使其心　得住七地中 
. 
. 
97. You ask me such and many other questions, which are in accordance with the marks [of Truth?] and free from erroneous views. 
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