Bibliotheca Polyglotta

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘hardship; ugly countenance; to be reckless, to dare death, to fight fiercely; to be made responsible for one’s bad deeds; imprisoning; courage’

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▪ Bergsträsser1928: (*‘ripe, done’) Akk bašlu, Hbr bāšēl, Syr (bšl e (a) ‘to ripen’), Gz bsl a (e).
▪ DRS 2 (1994) #BSL-1 Ar basula ‘être brave’, basala ‘prendre un air sévère; aigrir (lait), fermenter, se gâter’. La rac. est certainement liée à d’autres qui n’en diffèrent que par la nature et la place de la liquide : BNS, BSR. -2 basala ‘payer un exorciseur’. -3 Akk bassil(a)t- ‘mouchoir de tête (?)’.
▪ DRS 2 (1994) #BŠL: Akk bašālu ‘être cuit, mûr’, Hbr bāšal ‘être cuit, mûr’; PehlAram bšl ‘cuire’; JudPal bᵊšal, bᵊšīl, Syr bᵊšel ‘être mûr; Aysor bāšil ‘être cuit, mûr’; Mnd bašla ‘maturité’; Ar ʔabsala ‘cuire des dattes non mûres’; SAr bšl ‘faire une offrande’, Soq béhel ‘être cuit’, behel ‘cuit’; Śḥr bisil ‘mûr, cuit’; Gz basala ‘être cuit’; Te bäšlä, Tña Amh bässälä ‘être cuit, mûr’. – Il faut sans doute comp. SAr mbšl ‘autel’ d’ap. Hbr mᵊbaššᵊlōt ‘pyrées’. LandbergZetterstein1942 rapproche de SAr bšl ‘faire une offrande’; Ar bédouin de Syrie buslaẗ ‘don, cadeau’.
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basul‑ بسل , u (basālaẗ)

√BSL

vb., I

to be brave, fearless, intrepid – WehrCowan1976.

^†basala, u (busūl), vb. I, to become sour.

▪ As for the semantic connection between the old meaning ‘to become sour’ and the newer ‘to be courageous’, Lane I (1863) suggested that ‘to become sour’ was secondary, said of milk in analogy to the meaning ‘to frown, contract one’s face; to look sternly’ (cf. V), among other reasons ‘by reason of courage, or of anger; to be displeasing, or odious’.
▪ The fact that the meaning ‘to be courageous’ is not found in other Sem langs suggests that it is an Arab innovation and that the Arab philologists’ etymology, preserved in Lane I (1863), is wrong: it was not the sternly looking man’s face after which sour milk was called, but the sour milk from which the meaning was transferred to humans.

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▪ DRS 2 (1994) #BSL-1 Ar basula ‘être brave’, basala ‘prendre un air sévère; aigrir (lait), fermenter, se gâter’. La rac. est certainement liée à d’autres qui n’en diffèrent que par la nature et la place de la liquide : BNS, BSR.
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See section CONC, above.

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►tabassala, vb. V, to scowl, glower.
►ĭstabsala, vb. X, to be reckless, defy death.

►basālaẗ, n.f., courage, intrepidity: vn. I.
►ĭstibsāl, n., death defiance: vn. X.
►bāsil, pl. busalāʔᵘ, bawāsilᵘ, adj., brave, fearless, intrepid: PA I.
►mustabsil, adj., death‑defying, heroic: PA X.

bisillà بِسِلَّى , var. bisillaẗ, bizillaẗ, bazillaẗ

√BSL

n.f.

peas – WehrCowan1976.

From It piselli ‘small peas’ < Lat pisum ‘pea’.

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See sections CONC and WEST.

▪ Not from Ar bisillaẗ, but ultimately from the same source is Engl pea(s): e/mC17, from mEngl pease (pl. pesen), which was both single and collective (as wheat, corn) but the /s/ sound was mistaken for the pl. inflection; from oEngl (WSaxon) pise, (Mercian) poise ‘pea’, from lLat pisa, var. of pisum ‘pea’, prob. a loan-word from Grk pison ‘the pea’, a word of unknown origin (Thracian? Phrygian?) – EtymOnline.

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