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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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KMN كمن 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√KMN 
“root” 
▪ KMN_1 ‘to hide, be hidden’ ↗kam˅na
▪ KMN_2 ‘cumin’ ↗kammūn
▪ KMN_3 ‘violin, fiddle’ ↗kamān
▪ KMN_4 ‘black cataract (med.)’ ↗kam˅na
▪ KMN_5 ‘also’ ↗kamān (dial.)
 
While KMN_2 ‘cumin’ as well as KMN_3 ‘violin, fiddle’ are of foreign origin, KMN_4 ‘black cataract (med.)’ belongs to KMN_1 ‘to hide’ because the eye disease obstructs the light from passing through the lense. The dialectal kamān ‘also’ does not belong to KMN but seems to be derived from ka-mā ‘as also, like’ 
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From among the five values listed in DRS, only two (corresponding to KMN_1 and KMN_2) are relevant for Ar. KMN_3 is mentioned under KMNG only. KMN_4 is a specialization of KMN_1. KMN_5 is actually not from KMN but probably ka-mā + an old deictic/demonstrative element /-n/. The dialectal kamān seems to be ka-mā + -n (Procházka 2001). 
▪ Engl cumin, cymene ↗kammūn. 
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kam˅n‑ كمن :

kamana u and kamina a (kumūn) 
ID … • Sw – • BP 2059 • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√KMN 
vb., I 
to hide; to be hidden, concealed, latent; to have its secret seat; to ambush, waylay (li‑ s.o.) – WehrCowan1979. 
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▪ DRS 10 (2012)#KMN-2: Hbr *mikmannīm (pl.) ‘trésors cachés’, nHbr kāmen ‘être caché’, kimmēn ‘cacher des fruits dans le sol’, JP kᵊman, kammēn ‘cacher, cacher dans la terre’, Syr kᵉmen, Ar kamana ‘se cacher; (avec li ) se mettre en embuscade pour guetter qn’, kammana ‘dresser des embûches à’, mér. kaman ‘se mettre en embuscade’, Min kmn ‘interdire (?)’, Jib ekmin ‘tendre une embuscade à’, Śḥ kūn ‘cacher’. Les formes Hbr sont issues d’un emprunt à l’Aram. 
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► takammana, vb. V, to lie in wait (li‑ for s.o.), ambush, waylay (li‑ s.o.): TD-stem.
► ĭstikmana, vb. X, to hide, lie concealed: ŠT-stem.

► kumnaẗ, n.f., black cataract (med.):….
► kumūn, n.: marḥalaẗ al-~, latent phase, latency (med., psych.): vn. I.
► kamīn, pl. kumanāʔᵘ, adj., hidden, lying in ambush: quasi-PP I; n., ambush, secret attack: nominalized quasi-PP I.
► makman, pl. makāminᵘ, n., place where s.th. is hidden; ambuscade; ambush, hiding place: n.loc.
► BP#4617kāmin, adj., hidden, concealed, latent; secret: PA I; pl. kawāminᵘ, n., underlying factors, hidden background, latent depths: lexicalized nominalization of PA I. 
kammūn كَمُّون 
ID 769 • Sw – • BP??? • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√KMN 
n. 
cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.; bot.) – WehrCowan1979. 
From ComSem *kammūn ‘cumin’ (Ar < Akk kamūnu ?), perh. from Sum gamun ‘cumin’, unless this itself is of Sem origin. From the Hbr cognate, kammōn, are Grk kýminon and Lat cuminum, whence the word for ‘cumin’ in Eur langs. 
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▪ DRS 10 (2012)#KMN-3: Akk kam(m)ūnu, Ug kmn, Phn kmn, Hbr kammōn, Aram kammōnā, Ar kammūnā, Gz kammūn, kammīn, Te Amh kämun ‘cumin’. 
▪ DRS 10 (2012)#KMN-3: Série d’emprunts à travers l’ensemble du domaine. Origine Akk? L’Hbr semble dépendre de l’Aram, le Gz de l’Ar.
▪ Rolland2014: Ar kammūn, from Akk kamūnu, from Sum gamun.
▪ Huehnergard2011: ComSem *kammūn ‘cumin’, perhaps from Sum gamun ‘cumin’, unless this itself is of Sem origin.
▪ Lokotsch1927#1046 thinks the original meaning may have been s.th. like ‘Mäusekraut’ (mice herb), “since Akk kamūnu perh. also means ‘mouse’”—an opinion that can hardly be corroborated and is not found after Lokotsch. 
▪ Huehnergard2011: Engl cumin, cymene, from Grk kýminon, probably from a Sem source akin to Akk kam(m)ūnu, Hbr kammón, Aram kammonā, kammunā, Ar kammūn ‘cumin’.
▪ Engl cum(m)in < oEngl cymen, from Lat cumīnum, from Grk kýmīnon, cognate with Hbr kammón, Ar kammūn – EtymOnline.
▪ Ge Kümmel < mHGe kumin < oHGe kumī(n), kumih, kumil. Same etymology as Engl cum(m)in (see above). On its way into modern written standard Ge, the variant ending in ‑l (oHGe kumil, kümel) became dominant over earlier forms in n or h (the latter still surviving in some upper Ge dialects as kümmich) – Kluge2002.
▪ Lokotsch1927#1046: Sem > Grk > Lat > Eur langs (as in EtymOnline). In addition to Engl cumin and Ge Kümmel the author lists Swed kummin, Dan kummen, Du komijn; Fr cumin, It Span camino, Port cominho, Rum chimion [via Tu kimyon ]; Ru kmin, tmin, timon, Bulg kimnon, Serb kim, Cz kmín, Poln kmin, kminek. – From the deriv. Ar kammūniyyaẗ ‘(probably:) place/shop where cumin etc. is sold’, preceded by art. al-, are Span alcamonias, Port alcamonia, alcamunia ‘miscellaneous spices’. 
► kammūn ʔaswadᵘ, n., black caraway, black cumin (Nigella sativa L.; bot.).
► kammūn barrī, n., dto.
► kammūn ḥulw, n., anise, aniseed. 
kamān كَمان 
ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√KMN, KMāN 
n. 
violin, fiddle – WehrCowan1979. 
Rolland2014: from Pers kamān ‘bow’ 
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► kamanǧā and kamanǧaẗ, n.f., oriental stringed instrument having one or two strings; (Western) violin, fiddle: Pers dimin. of kamān ‘bow’ 
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