(21) ἃ μὲν οὖν αἰσχύνονται, ταῦτ’ ἐστὶ καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα·
ἐπεὶ (22) δὲ περὶ ἀδοξίας φαντασία ἐστὶν ἡ αἰσχύνη, καὶ ταύτης (23) αὐτῆς χάριν ἀλλὰ μὴ τῶν ἀποβαινόντων, οὐδεὶς δὲ τῆς δόξης (24) φροντίζει ἀλλ’ ἢ διὰ τοὺς δοξάζοντας, ἀνάγκη τούτους (25) αἰσχύνεσθαι ὧν λόγον ἔχει·
λόγον δὲ ἔχει τῶν θαυμαζόντων, (26) καὶ οὓς θαυμάζει, καὶ ὑφ’ ὧν βούλεται θαυμάζεσθαι, καὶ (27) πρὸς οὓς φιλοτιμεῖται, καὶ ὧν μὴ καταφρονεῖ τῆς δόξης·
(28) θαυμάζεσθαι μὲν οὖν βούλονται ὑπὸ τούτων καὶ θαυμάζουσι (29) τούτους ὅσοι τι ἔχουσιν ἀγαθὸν τῶν τιμίων,
ἢ παρ’ ὧν τυγχά(30)νουσιν δεόμενοι σφόδρα τινὸς ὧν ἐκεῖνοι κύριοι, οἷον οἱ (31) ἐρῶντες·
φιλοτιμοῦνται δὲ πρὸς τοὺς ὁμοίους·
φροντίζουσι δ’ (32) ὡς ἀληθευόντων τῶν φρονίμων, τοιοῦτοι δ’ οἵ τε πρεσβύτεροι (33) καὶ οἱ πεπαιδευμένοι.
These things, and others like them, are what cause the feeling of shame.
Now since shame is a mental picture of disgrace, in which we shrink from the disgrace itself and not from its consequences, and we only care what opinion is held of us because of the people who form that opinion, it follows that the people before whom we feel shame are those whose opinion of us matters to us.
Such persons are: those who admire us, those whom we admire, those by whom we wish to be admired, those with whom we are competing, and those whose opinion of us we respect.
We admire those, and wish those to admire us, who possess any good thing that is highly esteemed;
or from whom we are very anxious to get something that they are able to give us — as a lover feels.
We compete with our equals.
We respect, as true, the views of sensible people, such as our elders and those who have been well educated.
