atha hainaṃ bhujyur lāhyāyaniḥ papraccha -- yājñavalkyeti hovāca -- madreṣu carakāḥ paryavrajāma | te patañcalasya kāpyasya gṛhān aima | tasyāsīd duhitā gandharvagṛhītā | tam apṛcchāma ko 'sīti | so 'bravīt sudhanvāṅgirasa iti | taṃ yadā lokānām antān apṛcchāma | athainam abrūma -- kva pārikṣitā abhavann iti | kva pārikṣitā abhavan | sa tvā pṛcchāmi yājñavalkya | kva pārikṣitā abhavann iti ||

atha hainaṃ bhujyurlāhyāyaniḥ papraccha | grahātigrahalakṣaṇaṃ bandhanamuktam | yasmātsaprayojakānmukto mucyate yena vā baddhaḥ saṃsarati sa mṛtyuḥ | tasmācca mokṣa upapadyate | yasmānmṛyormṛtyurasti | muktasya ca na gatiḥ kvacit | sarvotsādo nāmamātrāvaśeṣaḥ pradīpanirvāṇavaditi cāvadhṛtam | tatra saṃsaratāṃ mucyamānānāṃ ca kāryakaraṇānāṃ svakāraṇasaṃsarge samāne muktānāmatyantameva punaranupādānam | saṃsaratāṃ tu punaḥ punarupādānaṃ yena prayuktānāṃ bhavati tatkarmetyavadhāritaṃ vicāraṇāpūrvakam | tatkṣaye ca nāmāvaśeṣeṇa sarvotsādo mokṣaḥ | tacca puṇyapāpākhyaṃ karma | puṇyo vai puṇyena karmaṇā bhavati pāpaḥ pāpenetyavadhāritatvāt | etatkṛtaḥ saṃsāraḥ | tatrāpuṇyena sthāvarajaṅgameṣu svabhāvaduḥkhabahuleṣu narakatiryakpretādiṣu ca duḥkhamanubhavati punaḥ punarjāyamāno mriyamāṇaścetyetadrājavartmavatsarvalokaprasiddham | yattu śāstrīyaṃ puṇyo vai puṇyena karmaṇā bhavati tatraivādaraḥ kriyata iha śrutyā | puṇyameva ca karma sarvapuruṣārthasādhanamiti sarve śrutismṛtivādāḥ | mokṣasyāpi puruṣārthatvāttatsādhyatā prāptā | yāvadyāvatpuṇyotkarṣastāvattāvatphalotkarṣaprāptiḥ | tasmāduttameva puṇyotkarṣeṇa mokṣo bhaviṣyatītyāśaṅkā syāt | sā nivartayitavyā jñānasahitasya ca prakṛṣṭasya karmaṇa etāvatī gatiḥ | vyākṛtanāmarūpāspadatvātkarmaṇastatphalasya ca | na tvakārye nitye 'vyākṛtadharmiṇyanāmarūpātmake kriyākārakaphalasvabhāvavarjite karmaṇo vyāpāro 'sti | yatra ca vyāpāraḥ sa saṃsāra evetyasyārthasya pradarśanāya brahmaṇamārabhyate | yattu kaiściducyate vidyāsahitaṃ karma nirabhisaṃdhi mantraśarkarādiyuktaviṣadadhyādivatkāryāntaramārabhata iti | tanna | anārabhyatvānmokṣasya | bandhanāśa eva hi mokṣo na kāryabhūtaḥ bandhanaṃ cāvidyetyavocāma | avidyāyāśca na karmaṇā nāśa upapadyate | dṛṣṭaviṣayatvācva karmasāmarthyasya | utpattyāptivikārasaṃskārā hi karmasāmarthyasya viṣayāḥ | utpādayituṃ prāpayituṃ vikartuṃ ca sāmarthyaṃ karmaṇo nāto vyatiriktaviṣayo 'sti karmasāmarthyasya | loke 'prasiddhatvāt | na ca mokṣa eṣāṃ padārthānāmanyatamaḥ | avidyāmātravyavahita ityavocāma | bāḍham | bhavatu kevalasyaiva karmaṇa evaṃsvabhāvatā | vidyāsaṃyuktasya tu nirabhisaṃdherbhavatyanyathā svabhāvaḥ | dṛṣṭaṃ hyanyaśaktitvena nirjñātānāmapi padārthānāṃ viṣadadhyādīnāṃ vidyāmantraśarkarādisaṃyuktānāmanyaviṣaye sāmathyam | tathā karmaṇo 'pyastviti cet | na | pramāṇābhāvāt | tatra hi karmaṇa uktaviṣayavyatirekeṇa viṣayāntare sāmarthyāstitve pramāṇaṃ na pratyakṣaṃ nānumānaṃ nopamānaṃ nārthāpattirna śabdo 'sti | nanu phalāntarābhāve codanānyathānupapattiḥ pramāṇamiti | na hi nityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ viśvajinnyāyena phalaṃ kalpyate | nāpi śrutaṃ phalamasti | codyante ca tāni | pāriśeṣyānmokṣasteṣāṃ phalamiti gamyate | anyathā hi puruṣā na pravarteran | nanu viśvajinnyāya evā'yāto mokṣasya phalasya kalpitatvāt | mokṣe vānyasminvā phale 'kalpite puruṣā na pravarteranniti mokṣaḥ phalaṃ kalpyate śrutārthāpattyā yathā viśvajiti | nanvevaṃ sati kathamucyate viśvajinnyāyo na bhavatīti | phalaṃ ca kalpyate viśvajinnyāyaśca na bhavatīti vipratiṣiddhamabhidhīyate | mokṣaḥ phalameva na bhavatīti cet | na | pratijñāhānāt | karma kāryāntaraṃ viṣadadhyādivadārabhata iti hi pratijñātam | sa cenmokṣaḥ karmaṇaḥ kāryaṃ phalameva na bhavatīti sā pratijñā hīyeta | karmakāryatve ca mokṣasya svargādiphalebhyo viśeṣo vaktavyaḥ | atha karmakāryaṃ na bhavati nityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalaṃ mokṣa ityasyā vacanavyakteḥ kor'tha iti vaktavyam | na ca kāryaphalaśabdabhedamātreṇa viśeṣaḥ śakyaḥ kalpayitum | aphalaṃ ca mokṣo nityaiśca karmabhiḥ kriyate nityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalaṃ na kāryamiti caiṣor'tho vipratiṣiddho 'bhidhīyate yathāgniḥ śīta iti | jñānavaditi cet | yathā jñānasya kāryaṃ mokṣo jñānenākriyamāṇo 'pyucyate tadvatkarmakāryatvamiti cet | na | ajñānanivartakatvājjñānasya | ajñānavyavadhānanivartakatvājjñānasya mokṣo jñānakāryamityupacaryate | na tu karmaṇā nivartayitavyamajñānam | na cājñānavyatirekeṇa mokṣasya vyavadhānāntaraṃ kalpayituṃ śakyam | nityatvānmokṣasya sādhakasvarūpāvyatirekācca, yatkarmaṇā nivartyeta | ajñānameva nivartayatīti cet | na | vilakṣaṇatvāt | anabhivyaktirajñānamabhivyaktilakṣaṇena jñānena virudhyate | karma tu tājñānena virudhyate tena jñānavilakṣaṇaṃ karma | yadi jñānābhāvo yadi saṃśayajñānaṃ yadi viparītajñānaṃ vocyate 'jñānamiti sarvaṃ hi tajjñānenaiva nivartyate | na tu karmaṇānyatamenāpi virodhābhāvāt | athādṛṣṭaṃ karmaṇāmajñānanivartakatvaṃ kalpyamiti cet | na | jñānenājñānanivṛttau gamyamānāyāmadṛṣṭanivṛttikalpanānupapatteḥ | yathāvaghātena vrīhīṇāṃ tuṣanivṛttau gamyamānāyāmagnihotrādinityakarmakāryādṛṣṭā na kalpyate tuṣanivṛttiḥ | tadvadajñānanivṛttirapi nityakarmakāryādṛṣṭā na kalpyate | jñānena viruddhatvaṃ cāsakṛtkarmaṇāmavocāma | yadaviruddhaṃ jñānaṃ karmabhistaddevalokaprāptinimittamityuktaṃ"vidyayā devalokaḥ"iti śruteḥ | kiñcānyatkalpye ca phale nityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ śrutānāṃ yatkarmabhirvirudhyate dravyaguṇakarmaṇāṃ kāryameva na bhavati, kiṃ tatkalpyatāmiti? yasminkarmaṇaḥ sāmarthyameva na dṛṣṭam, kiṃvā yasmindṛṣṭaṃ sāmarthyaṃ yacca karmaṇāṃ phalamaviruddhaṃ tatkalpyatāmiti | puruṣapravṛttijananāyāvaśyaṃ cetkarmaphalaṃ kalpayitavyam karmāviruddhaviṣaya eva śrutārthāpatteḥ kṣīṇatvānnityo mokṣaḥ phalaṃ kalpayituṃ na śakyastadvyavadhānājñānanivṛttirvā | aviruddhatvāddṛṣṭasāmarthyaviṣayatvācceti | pāriśeṣyanyāyānmokṣa eva kalpayitavya iti cet | sarveṣāṃ hi karmaṇāṃ sarvaṃ phalam na cānyaditarakarmaphalavyatirekeṇa phalaṃ kalpanāyogyamasti | pariśiṣṭaśca mokṣaḥ | sa ceṣṭo vedavidāṃ phalam | tasmātsa eva kalpayitavya iti cet | na | karmaphalavyaktonāmānantyātpāriśeṣyanyāyānupapatteḥ | nahi puruṣecchāviṣayāṇāṃ karmaphalānāmetāvattvaṃ nāma kenacidasarvajñenāvadhṛtaṃ tatsādhanānāṃ vā puruṣecchānāṃ vāniyatadeśakālanimittatvātpuruṣecchāviṣayasādhanānāṃ ca puruṣeṣṭaphalaprayuktatvāt | pratiprāṇi cecchāvaicitryātphalānāṃ tatsādhanānāṃ cā'nantyasiddhiḥ | tadānantyāccāśakyametāvattvaṃ puruṣairjñātum | ajñāte ca sādhanaphalaitāvattve kathaṃ mokṣasya pariśeṣasiddhiriti | karmaphalajātipāriśeṣyamiti cet | satyapīcchāviṣayāṇāṃ tatsādhanānāṃ cā'nantye karmaphalajātitvaṃ nāma sarveṣāṃ tulyam | mokṣasatvakarmaphalatvātpariśiṣṭaḥ syāt | tasmātpariśeṣātsa eva yuktaḥ kalpayitumiti cet | na | tasyāpi nityakarmaphalatvābhyupagame karmaphalasamānajātīyatvopapatteḥ pariśeṣānupapattiḥ | tasmādanyathāpyupapatteḥ kṣīṇā śrutārthāpattiḥ | utpattayāptivikārasaṃskārāṇāmanyatamapi nityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalamupapadyata iti kṣīṇā śrutārthāpattiḥ | caturṇāmanyatama eva mokṣa iti cet | na tāvadutpādyo nityatvāt | ata evāvikāryo 'saṃskāryaścāta eva, asādhanadravyātmakatvācca | sādhanātmakaṃ hi dravyaṃ saṃskriyate | yathā pātrājyādi prokṣaṇādinā | na ca saṃskriyamāṇaḥ saṃskāranirvartyo vā yūpādivat | pāriśeṣyādāpyaḥ syāt | nā'pyo 'pyātmasvabhāvatvādekatvācca | itaraiḥ karmabhirvailakṣaṇyānnityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ tatphalenāpi vilakṣaṇena bhavitavyamiti cet | na | karmatvasālakṣaṇyātsalakṣaṇaṃ kasmātphalaṃ na bhavatītarakarmaphalaiḥ | nimittavailakṣaṇyāditi cet | na | kṣāmavatyādibhiḥ samānatvāt | yathā hi gṛhadāhādau nimitte kṣāmavatyādīṣṭiryathā bhinne juhoti skanne juhotītyevamādau naimittikeṣu karmasu na mokṣaḥ phalaṃ kalpyate | taiścāviśeṣānnaimittikatvena jīvanādinimitte ca śravaṇāt | tathā nityānāmapi na mokṣaḥ phalam | ālokasya sarveṣāṃ rūpadarśanasādhanatva ulūkādaya ālokena rūpaṃ na paśyantītyulukādicakṣuṣo vailakṣaṇyāditaralokacakṣurbhirna rasādiviṣayatvaṃ parikalpyate rasādiviṣaye sāmarthyasyādṛṣṭatvāt | sudūramapi gatvā yadviṣaye dṛṣṭaṃ sāmarthyaṃ tatraiva kaścidviśeṣaḥ kalpayitavyaḥ | yatpunaruktaṃ vidyāmantraśarkarādisaṃyuktaviṣadadadhyādivannityāni kāryāntaramārabhanta iti | ārabhyatāṃ viśiṣṭaṃ kāryaṃ tadiṣṭatvādavirodhaḥ | nirabhisaṃdheḥ karmaṇo vidyāsaṃyuktasya viśiṣṭakāryāntarārambhe na kaścidvirodhaḥ | devayājyātmayājinorātmayājino viśeṣaśravaṇāddevayājinaḥ'śreyānātmayājī'tyādau'yadeva vidyayā karotī'tyādau ca | yastu paramātmadarśanaviṣaye manunokta ātmayājiśabdaḥ'samaṃ paśyannātmayājī'tyatra samaṃ paśyannātmayājī bhavatītyarthaḥ | athavā bhūtapūrvagatyā | ātmayājyātmasaṃskārārthaṃ nityāni karmāṇi karoti"idaṃ me 'nenāṅga saṃskriyate"iti śruteḥ | tathā gārbhairhemairityādiprakaraṇe kāryakaraṇasaṃskārārthatvaṃ nityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ darśayati | saṃskṛtaśca ya ātmayājī taiḥ karmabhiḥ samaṃ draṣṭuṃ samartho bhavati | tasyeha vā janmāntare vā samamātmadarśanamutpadyate samaṃ paśyansvārājyamadhigacchatītyeṣor'thaḥ |
ātmayājiśabdastu bhūtapūrvagatyā prayujyate |
jñānayuktānāṃ nityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ jñānotpattisādhanatvapradarśanārtham |
kiñcānyat- brahmā viśvasṛjo dharmo mahānavyaktameva ca |
uttamāṃ sāttvikīmetāṃ gatimāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ ||
iti ca devasārṣṭivyatirekeṇa bhūtāpyayaṃ darśayati bhūtānyapyeti pañca vai | bhūtānyatyetīti pāṭhaṃ ye kurvanti teṣāṃ vedaviṣaye paricchinnabuddhitvādadoṣaḥ | na cārthavādatvamadhyāyasya brahmāntakarmavipākārthasya tadvayatiriktātmajñānārthasya ca karmakāṇḍopaniṣadbhayāṃ tulyārthatvadarśanāt | vihitākaraṇapratiṣiddhakarmaṇāṃ ca sthāvaraśvasūkarādiphaladarśanāt | vāntāśyādipretadarśanācca | na ca śrutismṛtivīrītapratiṣiddhavyatirekeṇa vihitāni vā pratiṣiddhānivā karmāṇi kenacidavagantuṃ śakyante | yeṣāmakaraṇādanuṣṭhānācca pretaśvasūkarasthāvarādīni karmaphalāni pratyakṣānumānābhyāmupalabhyante | na caiṣāmakarmaphalatvaṃ kenacidabhyupagamyate | tasmādvihitākaraṇapratiṣiddhasevānāṃ yathaite karmavipākāḥ pretatiryaksthāvarādayastathotkṛṣṭeṣvapi brahmānteṣu karmavipākatvaṃ veditavyam | tasmāt"sa ātmano vapāmudakhidat" "so 'rodīdi"tyādivannābhūtārthavādatvam | tatrāpyabhūtārthavadatvaṃ mā bhūditi cet | bhavatvevam | na caitāvatāsya nyāyasya bādho bhavati | na cāsmatpakṣo vā duṣyati | na ca"brahmā viśvasṛja"ityādīnāṃ kāmyakarmaphalatvaṃ śakyaṃ vaktum | teṣāṃ devasārṣṭitāyāḥ phalasyoktatvāt | tasmātsābhisaṃdhīnāṃ nityānāṃ karmaṇāṃ sarvamedhāśvamedhādīnāṃ ca brahmatvādīni phalāni | yeṣāṃ punarnityāni nirabhisaṃdhīnyātmasaṃskārārthāni teṣāṃ jñānotpattyarthāni tāni | "brāhmīyaṃ kriyate tanuḥ"iti smaraṇāt | teṣāmārādupakārakatvānmokṣasādhanānyapi karmāṇi bhavantīti na virudhyate | yathā cāyamarthaḥ ṣaṣṭhe janakākhyāyikāsamāptau vakṣyāmaḥ | yattu viṣadadhyādivadityuktaṃ tatra pratyakṣānumānaviṣayatvādavirodhaḥ | yastvatyantaśabdagamyor'thastatra vākyasyābhāve tadarthapratipādakasya na śakyaṃ kalpayituṃ viṣadadhyādisādharmyam | na ca pramāṇāntaraviruddhārthaviṣaye śruteḥ prāmāṇyaṃ kalpyate yathā śīto 'gniḥ kledayatīti | śrute tu tādarthye vākyasya pramāṇāntarasyā'bhāsatvama | yathā khadyoto 'gniriti talamalinamantarikṣamiti bālānāṃ yatpratyakṣamapi tadviṣayapramāṇāntarasya yathārthatve niścite niścitārthamapi bālapratyakṣamābhāsībhavati | tasmādvedaprāmāṇyasyāvyabhicārāttādarthye sati vākyasya tathātvaṃ syāt | na tu puruṣamatikauśalam | nahi puruṣamatikauśalātsavitā rūpaṃ na prakāśayati | tathā vedavākyānyapi nānyārthāni bhavanti | tasmānna mokṣārthāni karmāṇīti siddham | ataḥ karmaphalānāṃ saṃsāratvapradarśanāyaiva brāhmaṇamārabhyate | athānantaram uparate jāratkārave, bhujyuriti nāmato lahyasyāpatyaṃ lāhyastadapatyaṃ lāhyāyaniḥ papraccha | yājñavalkyeti hovāca | ādābuktamaśvamedhadarśanam;samaṣṭivyaṣṭiphalaścāśvamedhakratuḥ, jñānasamuccito vā kevalajñānasampādito vā, sarvakarmaṇāṃ parā kāṣṭhā;bhraṇahatyāśvamedhābhyāṃ na paraṃ puṇyapāpayoriti hi smaranti;tena hi samaṣṭiṃ vyaṣṭīśca prāpnoti;tatra vyaṣṭayo nirjñātā antaraṇḍaviṣayā aśvamedhayāgaphalabhūtāḥ;'mṛtyurasyātmā bhavatyetāsāṃ devatānāmekā bhavati'(1 | 2 | 7) ityuktam | mṛtyuścāśanāyālakṣaṇo buddhayātmā samaṣṭiḥ prathamajo vāyuḥ sūtraṃ satyaṃ hiraṇyagarbhaḥ;tasya vyākṛto viṣayaḥ-yadātmakaṃ sarvaṃ dvaitaikatvam | yaḥ sarvabhūtāntarātmā liṅgam amūrtaraso yadāśritāni sarvabhūtakarmāṇi, yaḥ karmaṇāṃ karmasambaddhānāṃ ca vijñānānāṃ parā gatiḥ paraṃ phalam, tasya kiyān gocaraḥ kiyati vyāptiḥ sarvataḥ parimaṇḍalībhūtā, sā vaktavyā;tasyām uktāyāṃ sarvaḥ saṃsāro bandhagocara ukto bhavati | tasya ca samaṣṭivyaṣṭyātmadarśanasya alaukikatvapradarśanārthamākhyāyikāmātmano vṛttāṃ prakurute;tena ca prativādibuddhiṃvyāmohayiṣyāmīti manyate | madreṣu madrā nāma janapadāsteṣu, carakā adhyayanārthavratacaraṇāccarakā adhvaryavo vā, paryavrajāma paryaṭitavantaḥ;te patañcalasya nāmataḥ, kāpyasya kapigotrasya, gṛhān aima gatavantaḥ | tasyāsīd duhitā gandharvagṛhītā-gandharveṇa amānuṣeṇa sacvena kenacidāviṣṭā;gandharvo vā dhiṣṇyo 'gnirṛtvigadevatā viśiṣṭavijñānatvādavasīyate;na hi sacvamātrasyedṛśaṃ vijñānamupapadyate | taṃ sarve vayaṃ parivāritāḥ santo 'pṛcchāma-ko 'sīti, kastvamasi kinnāmā kiṃsatacvaḥ | so 'bravīd gandharvaḥ sudhanvā nāmataḥ, āṅgiraso gotrataḥ |
taṃ yadā yasmin kāle lokānāmantān paryavasānāni apṛcchāma athainaṃ gandharvamabrūma-bhūvanakośaparimāṇajñānāya pravṛtteṣu sarveṣvātmānaṃ ślāghayantaḥ pṛṣṭavanto vayam;katham? kva pārikṣitā abhavanniti |
sa ca gandharvaḥ sarvamasmabhyabravīt |
tena divyebhyo mayā labdhaṃ jñānam, tattava nāsti, ato nigṛhīto 'si, ityabhiprāyaḥ |
so 'haṃ vidyāsampanno labdhāgamo gandharvāt tvā tvāṃ pṛcchāmi yājñavalkya-kva pārikṣitā abhavantat tvaṃ kiṃ jānāsi? he yājñavalkya'kathaya pṛcchāmi kva pārikṣitā abhavanniti || 1 ||