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Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrologue
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionGylfaginning
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionSkáldskaparmál
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionHáttatal
Women 
 
 
Þessi eru kvinna heiti ókend í skáldskap:  Víf ok brúðr ok fljóð heita þær konur er manni eru gefnar.  Sprund ok svanni heita þær konur er mjǫk fara með dramb ok skart.  Snótir heita þær er orðnæfrar eru.  Drósir heita þær er kyrrlátar eru.  Svarri ok svarkr, þær eru mikillátar.  Ristill er kǫlluð sú kona er skǫruglynd er.  Rýgr heitir sú kona er ríkust er.  Feima er sú kǫlluð er ófrǫm er svá sem ungar meyjar, eða þær konur er ódjarfar eru.  Sæta heitir sú kona er búandi hennar er af landi farinn,  hæll er sú kona kǫlluð er búandi hennar er veginn.  Ekkja heitir sú er búandi hennar varð sóttdauðr.  Mær heitir fyrst hver, en kerlingar er gamlar eru.  Eru enn þau kvinna heiti er (108,1) til lastmælis eru ok má þau finna í kvæðum þótt þat sé eigi ritat.  Þær konur heita eljur er einn mann eigu.  Snǫr heitir sonar kván.  Sværa heitir vers móðir.  Heitir ok móðir, amma, þriðja edda.  Eiða heitir móðir.  Heitir ok dóttir ok barn, jóð.  Heitir ok systir dís, jóðdís.  Kona er ok kǫlluð beðja, mála, rúna búanda síns ok er þat viðrkenning. 
LXVIII. “These are simple terms for women in skaldship:  Wife and Bride and Matron are those women who are given to a man.  Those who walk in pomp and fine array are called Dame and Lady.  They who are witty of speech are called Women of Wisdom.  They who are gentle are called Girls;  they who are of high countenance are called Proud and Haughty Ones.  She who is of noble mind is called Gentlewoman;  she who is richest, Lady.  She who is bashful, as young-maids are, or those women who are modest, is called Lass.  The woman whose husband has departed from the land is called Stay-at-Home.  (237,1) That woman whose husband is slain is called War-Widow:  Widow is the term for her whose husband has died of sickness.  Maid means, first, every woman, and then carlines that are old.  Then there are those terms for women which are libellous: one may find them in songs, though they be not ill writing.  Those women who have one husband in common are called Concubines.  A son’s wife is termed Daughter-in-law;  the husband’s mother is called Mother-in-law.  A woman may also be called Mother, Grand mother, Great-Grandmother;  a Mother is called Dam.  Woman is further called Daughter, Bairn, and Child.  She is also called Sister, Lady, and Maiden.  Woman is also called Bed-Fellow, Speech-Mate, and Secret-Sharer of her husband; and that is an epithet of possession. 
                                           
 
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