(223) 138. Evam me sutaṃ.
Ekaṃ samayaṃ Bhagavā Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati Jetavane Anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
Tatra kho Bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: Bhikkhavo ti.
Bhadante ti te bhikkhū Bhagavato paccassosuṃ.
Bhagavā etad avoca: Uddesavibhaṅgaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desissāmi.
Taṃ suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasikarotha, bhāsissāmīti.
Evaṃ bhante ti kho te bhikkhū Bhagavato paccassosuṃ.
Bhagavā etad avoca:-- Tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya yathā yathā 'ssa upaparikkhato bahiddhā c’ assa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya; bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite, anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotīti.
Idam avoca Bhagavā, idaṃ vatvā Sugato uṭṭhāy’ āsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.
Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ acirapakkantassa Bhagavato etad ahosi:-- Idaṃ kho no, āvuso, Bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāy' āsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: Tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu upaparikkheyya yathā yathā 'ssa upaparikkhato bahiddhā c' assa viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya; bahiddhā, bhikkhave, viññāṇe avikkhitte avisaṭe sati ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhite, anupādāya aparitassato āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo na hotīti.
Ko nu kho imassa Bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyāti?
Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etad ahosi: Ayaṃ kho āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno Satthu c’ eva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ, pahoti c’ āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno imassa Bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ; yannūna mayaṃ yen’ āyasmā Mahā-(224)Kaccāno ten’ upasaṃkameyyāma upasaṃkamitvā āyasmantaṃ Mahā-Kaccānaṃ etam atthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmāti.
Atha kho te bhikkhū yen’ āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno ten' upasaṃkamiṃsu upasaṃkamitvā āyasmatā Mahā-Kaccānena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sārāṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.
Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ Mahā-Kaccānaṃ etad avocuṃ:-- Idaṃ kho no, āvuso Kaccāna, Bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāy’ āsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho:
Tathā tathā . . . na hotīti.
Tesan no, āvuso Kaccāna, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa Bhagavato etad ahosi: Idaṃ kho no, āvuso, Bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā . . . vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: Tathā tathā . . . na hotīti.
Ko nu kho imassa Bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyāti?
Tesan no, āvuso Kaccāna, amhākaṃ etad ahosi:
Ayaṃ kho āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno . . . paṭipuccheyyāmāti.
Vibhajat’ āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno ti.
Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanañ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkamm’ eva mūlaṃ atikamma khandhaṃ sākhāphalāse sāraṃ pariyesitabbaṃ maññeyya, -- evaṃ-sampadam idaṃ.
Āyasmantānaṃ Satthari sammukhībhūte taṃ Bhagavantaṃ atisitvā amhe etam atthaṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ maññatha.
So h', āvuso, Bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passati cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammasāmī Tathāgato.
So c’ eva pan’ etassa kālo ahosi yaṃ Bhagavantaṃ yeva etam atthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha; yathā vo Bhagavā byākareyya, tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthāti.
Addhā, 'vuso Kaccāna, Bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti passaṃ passati cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammasāmī Tathāgato.
So c’ eva pan’ etassa kālo yaṃ Bhagavantaṃ yeva etam atthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāma; yathā no Bhagavā (225) byākareyya, tathā naṃ dhāreyyāma.
Āpi c’ āyasmā MahāKaccāno Satthu c’ eva saṃvaṇṇito sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ.
pahoti c’ āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno imassa Bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ.
Vibhajat’ āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno agarukaritvā ti.
Tena h', āvuso, suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasikarotha bhāsissāmīti Evam āvuso ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato Mahā-Kaccānassa paccassosuṃ.
Āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno etad avoca:-- Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, Bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāy’ āsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: Tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu . . . na hotīti, -- imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, Bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi.
Kathañ c', āvuso, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭan ti vuccati?
Idh', āvuso, bhikkhuno cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā rūpanimittānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti rūpanimittassādagathitaṃ rūpanimittassādavinibaddhaṃ rūpanimittassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭan ti vuccati.
Sotena saddaṃ sutvā --pe-- ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā --pe-- jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā -- pe kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā --pe-- manasā dhammaṃ viññāya dhamanimittānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti dhammanimittassādagathitaṃ dhammanimittassādavinibaddhaṃ dhammanimittassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭan ti vuccati.
-- Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭan ti vuccati.
Kathañ c', āvuso, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭan ti vuccati?
Idh', āvuso, bhikkhuno cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na rūpanimittānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti na rūpanimittassādagathitaṃ na rūpanimittassādasaṃyojanosaṃyuttaṃ, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭan ti (226) vuccati.
Sotena saddaṃ sutvā --pe-- ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā --pe-- jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā --pe-- kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā --pe-- manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na dhammanimittānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti na dhammanimittassādagathitaṃ na dhammanimittassādavinibaddhaṃ na dhammanimittassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭan ti vuccati.
-- Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bahiddhā viññāṇaṃ avikkhittaṃ avisaṭan ti vuccati.
Kathañ c', āvuso, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitan ti vuccati?
Idh', āvuso, bhikkhu vivicc’ eva kāmehi vivicc akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
Tassa vivekajapītisukhānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti vivekajapītisukhassādagathitaṃ vivekajapītisukhassādavinibaddhaṃ vivekajapītisukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
Puna ca paraṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
Tassa samādhijapītisukhānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti samādhijapītisukhassādagathitaṃ samādhijapītisukhassādavinibaddhaṃ samādhijapītisukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
Puna ca paraṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekhako ca viharati, sato ca sampajāno sukhañ ca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti yan taṃ ariyā acikkhanti:-- Upekhako satimā sukhavihārīti, tatiyajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
Tassa upekhānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti upekhāsukhassādagathitaṃ upekhāsukhassādavinibaddhaṃ upekhāsukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
Puna ca paraṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbe va somanassadomanassānaṃ atthagamā adukkhaṃasukhaṃ upekhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
Tassa adukkhamasukhānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti adukkhamasukhassādagathitaṃ adukkhamasukhassādavinibaddhaṃ adukkhamasukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
-- Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
(227) Kathañ c', āvuso, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitan ti vuccati?
Idh', āvuso, bhikkhu vivicc’ eva kāmehi --pe-- paṭhamajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
Tassa na vivekajapītisukhānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti na vivekajapītisukhassādagathitaṃ na vivekajapītisukhassādavinibaddhaṃ na {vivekajapītisukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ}, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
Puna ca paraṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā --pe-- dutiyajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
Tassa na samādhijapītisukhānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti na samādhijapītisukhassādagathitaṃ na samādhijapītisukhassādavinibaddhaṃ na samādhijapītisukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
Puna ca paraṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā --pe-- tatiyajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
Tassa na upekhāsukhānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti na upekhāsukhassādagathitaṃ na upekhāsukhassādavinibaddhaṃ na upekhāsukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
Puna ca paraṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu, sukhassa ca pahānā --pe-- catutthajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
Tassa na adukkhamasukhānusārī viññāṇaṃ hoti na adukkhamasukhassādagathitaṃ na adukkhamasukhassādavinibaddhaṃ na adukkhamasukhassādasaṃyojanasaṃyuttaṃ, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
-- Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ asaṇṭhitan ti vuccati.
Kathañ c', āvuso, anupādā paritassanā hoti?
Idh', āvuso, asutavā puthujjano ariyānaṃ adassāvī ariyadhammassa akovido ariyadhamme avinīto sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto rūpaṃ attato samanupassati rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ attani vā rūpaṃ rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ.
Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇāmati aññathā hoti, tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā rūpavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti, tassa rūpaṃ vipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti, tassa rūpavipariṇāmānuparivattajā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, cetaso pariyādānā uttāsavā ca hoti vighātavā ca upekhavā ca anupādāya ca paritassati.
Vedanaṃ (228) --pe-- saññaṃ --pe-- saṃkhāre --pe-- viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ attani vā viññāṇaṃ viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ.
Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇāmati aññāthā hoti, tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññāthābhāvā viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti, tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivattajā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, cetaso pariyādānā uttāsavā ca hoti vighātavā ca upekhavā ca anupādāya ca paritassati.
-- Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anupādā paritassanā hoti.
Kathañ c', āvuso, anupādā aparitassanā hoti?
Idh', āvuso, sutavā ariyasāvako ariyānaṃ dassāvī ariyadhammassa kovido ariyadhamme suvinīto sappurisānaṃ dassāvī sappurisadhammassa kovido sappurisadhamme suvinīto na rūpaṃ attato samanupassati na rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, na attani vā rūpaṃ na rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ.
Tassa taṃ rūpaṃ vipariṇāmati aññathā hoti, tassa rūpavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā na rūpavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti, tassa na rūpavipariṇāmānuparivattajā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, cetaso apariyādānā na c’ ev’ uttāsavā hoti na ca vighātavā na ca upekhavā anupādāya ca na paritassati.
Na vedanaṃ --pe-- na saññaṃ -- pe -- na saṃkhāre --pe-- na viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassati na viññāṇavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, na attani vā viññāṇaṃ na viññāṇasmiṃ vā attānaṃ.
Tassa taṃ viññāṇaṃ vipariṇāmati aññathā hoti, tassa viññāṇavipariṇāmaññathābhāvā na viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivatti viññāṇaṃ hoti, tassa na viññāṇavipariṇāmānuparivattajā paritassanā dhammasamuppādā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, cetaso pariyādānā na c’ ev' uttāsavā hoti na ca vighātavā na ca upekhavā anupādāya ca na paritassati.
-- Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anupādā aparitassanā hoti.
Yaṃ kho no, āvuso, Bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāy’ āsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: Tathā, tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu . . . na hotīti,
-- imassa kho ahaṃ, āvuso, Bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena (229) atthaṃ ājānāmi.
Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe āyasmanto Bhagavantaṃ yeva upasaṃkamitvā etam atthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha.
Yathā vo Bhagavā byākaroti, tathā naṃ dhāreyyathāti.
Atha kho te bhikkhu āyasmato Mahā-Kaccānassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāy’ āsanā yena Bhagavā ten’ upasaṃkamiṃsu upasaṃkamitvā Bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.
Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū Bhagavantaṃ etad avocuṃ: Yaṃ kho no, bhante, Bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāy’ āsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: Tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu . . . na hotīti; tesan no, bhante, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa Bhagavato etad ahosi: Idaṃ kho no, āvuso, Bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā . . . vihāraṃ paviṭṭho: Tathā tathā, bhikkhave, bhikkhu . . . na hotīti.
Ko nu kho imassa Bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyāti?
Tesan no, bhante, amhākaṃ etad ahosi:
Ayaṃ kho āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno . . . paṭipuccheyyāmāti.
Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yen’ āyasmā Mahā-Kaccāno ten' upasaṃkamimha upasaṃkamitvā āyasmantaṃ Mahā-Kaccānaṃ etam atthaṃ paṭipucchimha.
Tesan no, bhante, āyasmatā Mahā-Kaccānena imehi ākārehi imehi padehi imehi byañjanehi attho vibhatto ti.
Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, Mahā-Kaccāno; mahāpañño, bhikkhave, Mahā-Kaccāno.
Mañ ce pi tumhe, bhikkhave, etam atthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, aham pi taṃ evam evaṃ byākareyyaṃ, yathā taṃ Mahā-Kaccānena byākataṃ.
Eso c' etassa attho evañ ca naṃ dhārethāti.
Attamanā te bhikkhū Bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandun ti.
