Bibliotheca Polyglotta

Chāndogyopaniṣat

Complete text

athādhyātmam |
vāg evark |
prāṇaḥ sāma |
tad etad etasyām ṛcy adhyūḍhaṃ sāma |
tasmād ṛcy adhyūḍhaṃ sāma gīyate |
vāg eva sā |
prāṇo ’maḥ |
tat sāma ||

1. SEVENTH KHANDA
Now with reference to the body. Rik is speech, Saman breath. This Saman (breath) rests on that Rik (speech). Therefore the Saman is sung as resting on the Rik. Sa is speech, ama is breath, and that makes Sama.

athādhunādhyātmamucyate | vāgevarkprāṇaḥ sāma | adharoparisthānatvasāmānyāt | prāṇo ghrāṇamucyate saha vāyunā, vāgeva sā prāṇo ’ma ityādi pūrvavat || 1 ||

cakṣur evark |
ātmā sāma |
tad etad etasyām ṛcy adhyūḍhaṃ sāma |
tasmād ṛcy adhyūḍhaṃ sāma gīyate |
cakṣur eva sā |
ātmāmaḥ |
tat sāma ||

2. Rik is the eye, Saman the self. This Saman (shadow) rests on that Rik (eye). Therefore the Saman is sung as resting on the Rik. Sa is the eye, ama the self and that makes Sama.

cakṣurevargātmā sāma | ātmeti cchāyātmā tatsthatvātsāma || 2 ||

śrotram evark |
manaḥ sāma |
tad etad etasyām ṛcy adhyūḍhaṃ sāma |
tasmād ṛcy adhyūḍhaṃ sāma gīyate |
śrotram eva sā |
mano ’maḥ |
tat sāma ||

3. Rik is the ear, Saman the mind. This Saman (mind) rests on that Rik (ear). Therefore the Saman is sung as resting on the Rik. Sa is the ear, ama the mind, and that makes Sama.

śrotramevarṅmanaḥ sāma, śrotrasyādhiṣṭhātṛtvānmanasaḥ sāmatvam || 3 ||

atha yad etad akṣnaḥ śuklaṃ bhāḥ saivark |
atha yan nīlaṃ paraḥkṛṣṇaṃ tat sāma |
tad etad etasyām ṛcy adhyūḍhaṃ sāma |
tasmād ṛcy adhyūḍhaṃ sāma gīyate |
atha yad evaitad akṣṇaḥ śuklaṃ bhāḥ saiva sā |
atha yan nīlaṃ paraḥkṛṣṇaṃ tad amaḥ |
tat sāma ||

4. Rik is the white light of the eye, Saman- the blue exceeding darkness. This Saman (darkness) rests on the Rik (brightness). Therefore the Saman is sung as resting on the Rik. Sa is the white light of the eye, ama the blue exceeding darkness, and that makes Sama.

atha yadetadakṣṇaḥ śuklaṃ bhāḥ saivarka | atha yannīlaṃ paraḥ kṛṣṇamāditya iva dṛkśaktyadhiṣṭhānaṃ tatsāma || 4 ||

atha ya eṣo ’ntar akṣiṇi puruṣo dṛśyate saivark |
tat sāma |
tad uktham |
tad yajuḥ |
tad brahma |
tasya etasya tad eva rūpaṃ yad amuṣya rūpam |
yāv amuṣya geṣṇau tau tau goṣṇau |
yan nāma tan nāma ||

5. Now the person who is seen in the eye, he is Rik, he is Saman, Uktha, Yagus, Brahman. The form of that person (in the eye) is the same, as the form of the other person (in the sun), the joints of the one (Rik and Saman) are the joints of the other, the name of the one (ut) is the name of the other.

atha ya eṣo ’ntarakṣiṇi puruṣo dṛśyate | pūrvavat | saivargadhyātmaṃ vāgādyā pṛthivyādyā cādhidaivatam | prasiddhā ca ṛkpādabaddhākṣarātmikā | tathā sāma | ukthasāhacaryādvā stotraṃ sāmokthaṃ śastram | ukthādanyat tathā yajuḥ svāhāsvadhāvaṣaḍādi sarvameva vāgyajustatsa eva | sarvātmakatvātsarvayonitvācceti hyavocāma | ṛgādiprakaraṇāttadbrahmeti trayo vedāḥ | tasyaitasya cākṣuṣasya puruṣasya tadeva rūpamatidiśyate | kiṃ tadyadamuṣyā’dityapuruṣasya | hiraṇmaya ityādi yadadhidaivatamuktam | yāvamuṣya geṣṇau parvaṇī tāvevāsyāpi cākṣuṣasya geṣṇau | yaccāmuṣya nāmodityudgītha iti ca tadevāsya nāma | sthānabhedādrūpagiṇanāmātideśādīśitṛtvaviṣayabhedavyapadeśāccā’dityacākṣuṣayorbheda iti cet | na | amunānenaivetyekasyobhayātmaprāptyanupapatteḥ | dvidhābhāvenopapadyata iti cet | vakṣyati hi sa ekadhā bhavati tridhā bhavatītyādi | na | cetanasyaikasya niravayavatvāddvidhābhāvānupapatteḥ | tasmādadhyātmādhidaivatayorekatvameva | yattu rūpādyatideśo bhedakāraṇamavoco na tadbhedāvagamāya | kiṃ tarhi sthānabhedādbhedāśaṅkā mā bhūdityevamartham || 5 ||

sa eṣa ye caitasmād arvāñco lokās teṣāṃ ceṣṭe manuṣyakāmānāṃ ceti |
tad ya ime vīṇāyāṃ gāyanty etaṃ te gāyanti |
tasmāt te dhanasanayaḥ ||

6. He is lord of the worlds beneath that (the self in the eye), and of all the wishes of men. Therefore all who sing to the vina (lyre), sing him, and from him also they obtain wealth.

sa eṣa cākṣuṣaḥ puruṣo ye caitasmādādhyātmikādātmanor’vāñcor’vāggatā lokāsteṣāṃ ceṣṭe manuṣyasambandhināṃ ca kāmānām | tatsmādya ime vīṇāyāṃ gāyanti gāyakasta etameva gāyanti | yasmādīśvaraṃ gāyanti tasmātte dhanasanayo dhanalābhayuktā dhanavanta utyarthaḥ || 6 ||

atha ya etad evaṃ vidvān sāma gāyaty ubhau sa gāyati |
so ’munaiva sa eṣa ye cāmuṣmāt parāñco lokās tāṃś cāpnoti devakāmāṃś ca ||

7. He who knowing this sings a Saman, sings to both (the adhidaivata and adhyatma self, the person in the sun and the person in the eye, as one and the same person). He obtains through the one, yea, he obtains the worlds beyond that, and the wishes of the Devas;

atha ya etadevaṃ vidvānyathoktaṃ devamudgīthaṃ vidvānsāma gāyatyubhau sa gāyati cākṣuṣamādityaṃ ca | tasyaivaṃvidaḥ phalamucyateso ’munaivā’dityena sa eṣa ye cāmuṣmātparāñco lokāstāṃścā’pnoti ādityāntargatadevo bhūtvetyartho devakāmāṃśca || 7 ||

athānenaiva ye caitasmād arvāñco lokās tāṃś cāpnoti manuṣyakāmāṃś ca |
tasmād u haivaṃvid udgātā brūyāt ||

8. And he obtains through the other the worlds beneath that, and the wishes of men.
Therefore an Udgatri priest who knows this, may say (to the sacrificer for whom he officiates);

kaṃ te kāmam āgāyānīti |
eṣa hy eva kāmāgānasyeṣṭe ya evaṃ vidvān sāma gāyati sāma gāyati ||

9. 'What wish shall I obtain for you by my songs?' For he who knowing this sings a Saman is able to obtain wishes through his song, yea, through his song.

athānenaiva cākṣuṣeṇaiva ye caitasmādarvāñco lokāstāṃścā’pnoti manuṣyakāmāṃśca cākṣuṣo bhūtvetyarthaḥ | tasmādu haivaṃvidudgātā brūyādyajamānaṃ kamiṣṭaṃ te tava kāmamāgāyānīti | eṣa hi yasmādudgātā kāmāgānasyodgānena kāmaṃ sampādayitumīṣṭe samartha ityarthaḥ | ko ’sau?ya evaṃ vidvānsāma gāyati sāma gāyati | dviruktirupāsanasamāptyarthā || 8-9 || iti chāndogyopaniṣacchāṅkarabhāṣye prathamodhyāyasya saptamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ

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