Bibliotheca Polyglotta

Chāndogyopaniṣat

Complete text

udaśarāva ātmānam avekṣya yad ātmano na vijānīthas tan me prabrūtam iti |
tau hodaśarāve ’vekṣāṃ cakrāte |
tau ha prajāpatir uvāca kiṃ paśyatha iti |
tau hocatuḥ sarvam evedam āvāṃ bhagava ātmānaṃ paśyāva ā lomabhyaḥ ā nakhebhyaḥ pratirūpam iti ||

1. EIGHTH KHANDA
'Look at your Self in a pan of water, and whatever you do not understand of your Self, come and tell me.'
They looked in the water-pan. Then Pragapati said to them: 'What do you see?'
They said: 'We both see the self thus altogether, a picture even to the very hairs and nails.'

udaśarāva udakapūrṇe śarāvādāvātmānamavekṣyānantaraṃ yattatrā’tmānaṃ paśyantau na vijānīthastanme mama prabrūtamācakṣīyāthāmityuktau tau ha tathaivodaśarāve ’vekṣāñcakrāte ’vekṣaṇaṃ cakratuḥ | tathā kṛtavantau tau ha prajāpatiruvāca kiṃ paśyatha iti | nanu tanme prabrūtamityuktābhyāmudaśarāve ’vekṣaṇaṃ kṛtvā prajāpataye na niveditamidamāvābhyāṃ na viditamityanivedite cājñānahetau ha prajāpatiruvāca kiṃ paśyatha iti tatra ko ’bhiprāya iti | ucyate-naiva tayoridamāvayoraviditamityāśaṅkābhūcchāyātmanyātmapratyayo niścita evā’sīt | yena vakṣyati tau ha śāntahṛdayau pravavrajaturiti | na hyaniścite ’bhipretārthe praśāntahṛdayatvamupapadyate | tena nocaturidamāvābhyāmaviditamiti | viparītagrāhiṇau ca śiṣyāvanupekṣaṇīyāviti svayameṣa papraccha kiṃ paśyatha iti, viparītaniścayāpanayāya ca vakṣyati sādhvalakṛtāvityevamādi | tau hocatuḥ-sarvamevedamāvāṃ bhagava ātmānaṃ paśyāva ā lomabhya ā nakhebhyaḥ pratirūpamiti, yathaivā’vāṃ he bhagavo lomanakhādimantau sva evamevedaṃ lomanakhādisahitamāvayoḥ pratirūpamudaśarāve paśyāva iti || 1 ||

tau ha prajāpatir uvāca sādhvalaṃkṛtau suvasanau pariṣkṛtau bhūtvodaśarāve ’vekṣethām iti |
tau ha sādhvalaṃkṛtau suvasanau pariṣkṛtau bhūtvodaśarāve ’vekṣāṃ cakrāte |
tau ha prajāpatir uvāca kiṃ paśyatha iti ||

2. Pragapati said to them: 'After you have adorned yourselves, have put on your best clothes and cleaned yourselves, look again into the water-pan.
They, after having adorned themselves, having put on their best clothes and cleaned themselves, looked into the water-pan.
Pragapati said: 'What do you see?'

tau ha punaḥ prajāpatiruvāca cchāyātmaniścayāpanayāya, sādhvalaṅkṛtau yathā svagṛhe suvasanau mahārhavastraparidhānau pariṣkṛtau chinnalomanakhau ca bhūtvodaśarāve tayośchāyātmagraho ’panītaḥ syāt | sādhvalaṅkārasuvasanādīnāmāgantukānāṃ chāyākaratvamudaśarāve yathā śarīrasaṃbaddhānāmevaṃ śarīrasyāpi cchāyākaratvaṃ pūrvaṃ babhūveti gamyate | śarīraikadeśānāṃ ca lomanakhādīnāṃ nityatvenābhipretānāmakhaṇḍitānāṃ chāyākaratvaṃ pūrvamāsīt | chinneṣu ca teṣu naiva lomanakhādicchāyā dṛśyate ’to lomanakhādivaccharīrasyāpyāgamāpāyitvaṃ siddhamityudaśarāvādau dṛśyamānasya tannimittasya ca dehasyānātmatvaṃ siddham udaśārāvādau chāyākaratvāddehasaṃbaddhālaṅkārādivat | na kevalametāvadetena yāvatkiñcidātmīyatvābhimataṃ sukhaduḥkharāgadveṣamohādi ca kādācitkatvānnakhalomādivadanātmeti pratyetavyam | evamaśeṣamithyāgrahāpanayanimitte sādhvalaṅkārādidṛṣṭānte prajāpatinokte śrutvā tathā kṛtavatorapi cchāyātmaviparītagraho nāpajagāma yasmāttasmātsvadoṣeṇaiva kenacitpratibaddhavivekavijñānāvindravirocanāvabhūtāmit i gamyate | tau pūrvavadeva dṛḍhaniścayau papraccha kiṃ paśyatha iti || 2 ||

tau hocatur yathaivedam āvāṃ bhagavaḥ sādhvalaṃkṛtau suvasanau pariṣkṛtau sva evam evemau bhagavaḥ sādhvallaṃkṛtau suvasanau pariṣkṛtāv iti |
eṣa ātmeti hovāca |
etad amṛtam abhayam etad brahmeti |
tau ha śāntahṛdayau pravavrajatuḥ ||

3. They said: 'Just as we are, well adorned, with our best clothes and clean, thus we are both there, Sir, well adorned, with our best clothes and clean.'
Pragapati said: 'That is the Self, this is the immortal, the fearless, this is Brahman.'
Then both went away satisfied in their hearts.

tau tathaiva pratipanno yathaivedamiti pūrvavadyathā sādhvalaṅkārādiviśiṣṭāvāvāṃ sva evamevemau chāyātmānāviti sutarāṃ viparītaniścayau babhūvatuḥ | yasyā’tmano lakṣaṇaṃ ya ātmāpahatapāpmetyuktavā punastadviśeṣamanviṣyamāṇayorya eṣo ’kṣiṇi puruṣo dṛśyata iti sākṣādātmani nirdiṣṭe tadviparītagrahāpanayāyodaśarāvasādhvalaṅkāradṛṣṭānte ’pyabhihita ātmasvarūpabodhādviparītagraho nāpagataḥ | ataḥ svadoṣeṇa kenacitpratibaddhavivekavijñānasāmarthyāviti matvā yathābhipretamevā’tmānaṃ manasi nidhāyaiṣa ātmeti hovācaitadamṛtamabhayametadbrahmeti prajāpatiḥ pūrvavat | na tu tadabhipretamātmānam | ya ātmetyādyātmalakṣaṇaśravaṇenākṣipuruṣaśrutyā codaśarāvādyupapattyā ca saṃskṛtau tāvat | madvacanaṃ sarvaṃ punaḥ punaḥ smaratoḥ pratibandhakṣayācca svayamevā’tmaviṣaye viveko bhaviṣyatīti manvānaḥ punarbrahmacaryādeśe ca tayościttadukhotpattiṃ parijihīrṣankṛtārthabuddhitayā gacchantāvapyupekṣitavānprajāpatiḥ | tau hendravirocanau śāntahṛdayau tuṣṭahṛdayau kṛtārthabuddhī ityarthaḥ | na tu śama eva, śamaścettayorjāto viparītagraho vigato ’bhaviṣyatpravavrajaturgatavantau || 3 ||

tau hānvīkṣya prajāpatir uvāca |
anupalabhyātmānam ananuvidya vrajato yatara etadupaniṣado bhaviṣyanti devā vā asurā vā te parābhaviṣyantīti |
sa ha śāntahṛdaya eva virocano ’surāñ jagāma |
tebhyo haitām upaniṣadaṃ provāca ātmaiveha mahayya ātmā paricaryaḥ |
ātmānam eveha mahayann ātmānaṃ paricarann ubhau lokāv āpnotīmaṃ cāmuṃ ceti ||

4. And Pragapati, looking after them, said: 'They both go away without having perceived and without having known the Self, and whoever of these two, whether Devas or Asuras, will follow this doctrine (upanishad), will perish.'
Now Virokana, satisfied in his heart, went to the Asuras and preached that doctrine to them, that the self (the body) alone is to be worshipped, that the self (the body) alone is to be served, and that he who worships the self and serves the self, gains both worlds, this and the next.

evaṃ tayorgatayorindravirocanayo rājñorbhogāsaktayoryathoktavismaraṇaṃ syādityāśaṅkyāpratyakṣaṃ pratyakṣavacanena ca cittaduḥkhaṃ parijihīrṣustau dūraṃ gacchantāvanvīkṣya ya ātmāpahatapāpmetyādivacanavadetadapyanayoḥ śravaṇagocaratvameṣyatīti matvovāca prajāpatiḥ | anupalabhya yathoktalakṣaṇamātmānamananuvidya svātmapratyakṣaṃ cākṛtvā viparītaniścayau ca bhūtvendravirocanāvetau vrajato gaccheyātām | ato yatare devā vāsurā vā kiṃ viśeṣitenaitadupaniṣada ābhyāṃ yā gṛhītā’tmavidyā seyamupaniṣadyeṣāṃ devānāmasurāṇāṃ vā ta etadupaniṣada evaṃvijñānā etanniścayā bhaviṣyantītyarthaḥ | te kiṃ, parābhaviṣyanti śreyomārgātparābhūtā bahirbhūtā vinaṣṭā bhaviṣyantītyarthaḥ | svagṛhaṃ gacchatoḥ surāsurarājayoryo ’surarājaḥ sa ha śāntahṛdaya eva sanvirocano ’surāñjagāma | gatvā ca tebhyo ’surebhyaḥ śarīrātmabuddhiryopaniṣattāmetāmupaniṣadaṃ provācoktavān | dehamātramevā’tmā pitrokta iti | tasmādātmaiva deha iha loka mahayyaḥ pūjanīyastathā paricaryaḥ paricaraṇīyastathā’tmānameveha loke dehaṃ mahayanparicaraṃścobhau lokāvavāpnotīmaṃ cāmuṃ ca | ihalokaparalokayoreva sarve lokāḥ kāmāścāntarbhavantīti rājño ’bhiprāyaḥ || 4 ||

tasmād apyaddyehādadānam aśraddadhānam ayajamānam āhur āsuro bateti |
asurāṇāṃ hy eṣopaniṣat |
pretasya śarīraṃ bhikṣayā vasanenālaṃkāreṇeti saṃskurvanti |
etena hy ammuṃ lokaṃ jeṣyanto manyante ||

5. Therefore they call even now a man who does not give alms here, who has no faith, and offers no sacrifices, an Asura, for this is the doctrine (upanishad) of the Asuras. They deck out the body of the dead with perfumes, flowers, and fine raiment by way of ornament, and think they will thus conquer that world.

tasmāttatsaṃpradāyo ’dyāpyanuvartata itīha loke ’dadānaṃ dānamakurvāṇamavibhāgaśīlamaśraddadhānaṃ satkāryeṣu śraddhārahitaṃ yathāśaktyayajamānamayajanasvabhāvamāhurāsuraḥ khalvayaṃ yata evaṃsvabhāvo bateti khidyamānā āhuḥ śiṣṭāḥ | asurāṇāṃ hi yasmādaśraddadhānatādilakṣaṇaiṣopaniṣat | tayopaniṣadā saṃskṛtāḥ santaḥ pretasya śarīraṃ kuṇapaṃ bhikṣayā gandhamālyānnādilakṣaṇayā vasanena vasrādinā’cchādanādiprakāreṇālaṅkāreṇa dhvajapatākādikaraṇenetyevaṃ saṃskurvantyetena kuṇapasaṃskāreṇāmuṃ pretya pratipattavyaṃ lokaṃ jeṣyanto manyante || 5 || iti cchāndogyopaniṣadi aṣṭamādhyāyasyāṣṭamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ

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