Bibliotheca Polyglotta

Chāndogyopaniṣat

Complete text

ṣoḍaśakalaḥ somya puruṣaḥ |
pañcadaśāhāni māśīḥ |
kāmam apaḥ piba |
āpomayaḥ prāṇo na pibato vicchetsyata iti ||

1. SEVENTH KHANDA
'Man (purusha), my son, consists of sixteen parts. Abstain from food for fifteen days, but drink as much water as you like, for breath comes from water, and will not be cut off, if you drink water.'

annasya bhuktasya yo ’ṇiṣṭho dhātuḥ sa manasi śaktimadhāt sānnopacitā manasaḥ śaktiḥ ṣoḍaśadhā pravibhajya puruṣasya kalātvena nirdidikṣitā | tayā manasyannopacitayā śaktyā ṣoḍaśadhā pravibhaktayā saṃyuktastadvānkāryakaraṇasaṅghātalakṣaṇo jīvaviśiṣṭaḥ piṇḍaḥ puruṣaḥ ṣoḍaśakala ucyate yasyāṃ satyāṃ draṣṭā śrotā mantā boddhā kartā vijñātā sarvakriyāsamarthaḥ puruṣo bhavati hīyamānāyāṃ ca yasyāṃ sāmarthyahāniḥ | vakṣyati"cāthānnasyā’yī draṣṭe"tyādi | sarvasya kāryakaraṇasya sāmarthyaṃ manaḥkṛtameva | mānasena hi balena sampannā balino dṛśyante loke, dhyānāhārāśca kecidannasya sarvātmakatvāt | ato ’nnakṛtaṃ mānasaṃ vīryaṃ ṣoḍaśa kalā yasya puruṣasya so ’yaṃ ṣoḍaśakalaḥ puruṣaḥ etaccetpratyakṣīkartumicchasi pañcadaśasaṃkhyākānyahāni māśīraśanaṃ mā kārṣīḥ | kāmamicchāto ’paḥ piba yasmānnapibato ’paste prāṇo vicchetsyate vicchedamāpatsyate yasmādāpomayo ’bvikāraḥ prāṇa ityavocāma | na hi kāryaṃ svakāraṇopaṣṭambhamantareṇāvibhraṃśamānaṃ sthātumutsahate || 1 ||

sa ha pañcadaśāhāni nāśa |
atha hainam upasasāda kiṃ bravīmi bho iti |
ṛcaḥ somya yajūṃṣi sāmānīti |
sa hovāca na vai mā pratibhānti bho iti ||

2. Svetaketu abstained from food for fifteen days. Then he came to his father and said: 'What shall I say?' The father said: 'Repeat the Rik, Yagus, and Saman verses.' He replied: 'They do not occur to me, Sir.'

sa haivaṃ śrutvā manaso ’nnamayatvaṃ pratyakṣīkartuṃmicchanpañcadaśāhāni nā’śāśanaṃ na kṛtavān | atha ṣoḍaśe ’hani hainaṃ pitaramupasasādopagatavānupagamya covāca kiṃ bravīmi bho iti | itara āha ṛcaḥ somya yajūṃṣi sāmānyadhīṣveti | evamuktaḥ pitrā’ha-na vai mā māmṛgādīni mama manasi na dṛśyanta ityartho he bho bhagavanniti || 2 ||

taṃ hovāca yathā somya mahato ’bhyāhitasyaiko ’ṅgāraḥ khadyotamātraḥ pariśiṣṭaḥ syāt |
tena tato ’pi na bahu dahet |
evaṃ somya te ṣoḍaśānāṃ kalānām ekā kalā atiśiṣṭā syāt |
tayaitarhi vedān nānubhavasi |
aśāna |
atha me vijñāsyasīti ||

3. The father said to him: 'As of a great lighted fire one coal only of the size of a firefly may be left, which would not burn much more than this (i. e. very little), thus, my dear son, one part only of the sixteen parts (of you) is left, and therefore with that one part you do not remember the Vedas. Go and eat!

evamuktavantaṃ pitā’ha-śṛṇu tatra kāraṇaṃ yena te tānyṛgādīni na pratibhāntīti (taṃ hovāca) yathā loke he somya mahato mahatparimāṇasyābhyāhitasyopacitasyendhanairagnereko ’ṅgāraḥ khadyotaparimāṇaḥ śāntasya pariśiṣṭo ’vaśiṣṭaḥ syādbhavettenoṅgāreṇa tato ’pi tatparimāṇādīṣadapi na bahu dahedevameva khalu somya te tavānnopacitānāṃ ṣoḍaśānāṃ kalānāmekā kalāvayavo ’tiśiṣṭāvaśiṣṭā na bahu dahedevameva khalu somya te tavānnopacitānāṃ ṣoḍaśānāṃ kalānāmekā kalāvayavo ’tiśiṣṭā syāttayā tvaṃ khadyotamātrāṅgāratulyayaitarhīdānīṃ vedānnānubhavasi na pratipadyase, śrutvā ca me mama vācamathāśeṣaṃ vijñāsyasyaśāna bhuṅkṣva tāvat || 3 ||

sa hāśa |
atha hainam upasasāda |
taṃ ha yat kiṃ ca papraccha sarvaṃ ha pratipede ||

4. 'Then wilt thou understand me.' Then Svetaketu ate, and afterwards approached his father. And whatever his father asked him, he knew it all by heart. Then his father said to him:

sa ha tathaivā’śa bhuktavānathānantaraṃ hainaṃ pitaraṃ śuśrūṣurupasasāda taṃ hopagataṃ putraṃ yatkiñcargādiṣu papraccha grantharūpamarthajātaṃ vā pitā sa śvetaketuḥ sarvaṃ ha tatpratipede ṛgādyarthato granthataśca || 4 ||

taṃ hovāca |
yathā somya mahato ’bhyāhitasyaikam aṅgāraṃ khadyotamātraṃ pariśiṣṭaṃ taṃ tṛnair upasamādhāya prājvalayet tena tato ’pi bahu dahet ||

5. 'As of a great lighted fire one coal of the size of a firefly, if left, may be made to blaze up again by putting grass upon it, and will thus burn more than this,

taṃ hovāca punaḥ pitā yathā somya mahato ’bhyāhitāsyetyādi samānamekamaṅgāraṃ śāntasyāgneḥ khadyotamātraṃ pariśiṣṭaṃ taṃ tṛṇaiścūrṇaiścopasamādhāya prājvalayedvardhayet | teneddhenāṅgāreṇa tato ’pi pūrvaparimāṇādbahu dahet || 5 ||

evaṃ somya te ṣoḍaśānāṃ kalānām ekā kalātiśiṣṭābhūt |
sānnenopasamāhitā prājvālī |
tayaitarhi vedān anubhavasi |
annamayaṃ hi somya manaḥ |
āpomayaḥ prāṇaḥ |
tejomayī vāg iti |
tad dhāsya vijajñāv iti vijajñāv iti ||

6. 'Thus, my dear son, there was one part of the sixteen parts left to you, and that, lighted up with food, burnt up, and by it you remember now the Vedas.' After that, he understood what his father meant when he said: 'Mind, my son, comes from food, breath from water, speech from fire.' He understood what he said, yea, he understood it'.

evaṃ somya te ṣoḍaśānāmannakalānāṃ sāmarthyarūpāṇāmekā kalātiśiṣṭābhūdatiśiṣṭā’sītpañcadaśāhānyabhuktavata ekaikenāhnaikaikā kalā candramasa ivāparapakṣe kṣīṇā sātiśiṣṭā kalā tavānnena bhuktenopasamāhitā vardhitopacitā prājvāli | dairdhyaṃ chāndasaṃ prajvalitā vardhitetyarthaḥ | prājvālīditi kalā tavānnena bhuktenopasamāhitā vardhitopacitā prājvāli | dairdhyaṃ chāndasaṃ prajvalitā vardhitetyarthaḥ | prājvālīditi pāṭhāntaraṃ tadā tenopasamāhitā svayaṃ prajvalitavatīryarthaḥ | tayā vardhitayaitarhīdānīṃ vedānanubhavasyupalabhase | evaṃ vyāvṛttyanuvṛttibhyāmannāmayatvaṃ manasaḥ siddhamityupasaṃharatyannamayaṃ hi somya mana ityādi | yathaitanmanaso ’nnamayatvaṃ tava siddhaṃ tathā’pomayaḥ prāṇastejomayī vāgityetadapi siddhamevetyabhiprāyaḥ | tadetaddhāsya pituruktaṃ mana ādīnāmannādimayatvaṃ vijajñau vijñātavāñśvetaketuḥ | dvirabhyāsastrivṛtkaraṇaprakaraṇasamāptyarthaḥ || 6 || iti cchāndogyopaniṣadi ṣaṣṭhādhyāyasya saptamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ

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