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Chāndogyopaniṣat
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Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrapāṭhaka 1
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrapāṭhaka 2
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrapāṭhaka 3
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrapāṭhaka 4
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrapāṭhaka 5
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrapāṭhaka 6
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrapāṭhaka 7
Click to Expand/Collapse OptionPrapāṭhaka 8
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trayo hodgīthe kuśalā babhūvuḥ śilakaḥ śālāvatyaś caikitāyano dālbhyaḥ pravāhaṇo jaivalir iti |
te hocur udgīthe vai kuśalāḥ smo hantodgīthe kathāṃ vadāma iti || 
کهند هشتم

رکهیشر که ادگیته دان بودند بهم باهم نشسته گفتند که ماهر سه ادگیته دانیم ، خود گفتگوی ادگئته بکنیم ۰ 
Historia veridica trium (3) rek’heschir 1 .

VI. TRES (3) filii trium (3) rek'heschir, qui τοῦ adhkitœ scientes erant, cùm unâ sedissent, dixerunt, quód, nos quique tres (3) adhiteh scimus. Cùm inter (nos) ipsos colloquium (super) adkiteh faciamus. 
1. EIGHTH KHANDA
There were once three men, well-versed in udgitha, Silaka Salavatya, Kaikitayana Dalbhya, and Pravahana Gaivali. They said: 'We are well versed in udgitha. Let us have a discussion on udgitha.' 
anekadhopāsyatvād akṣarasya prakārāntareṇa parovarīyastvaguṇaphalam upāsanāntaramānināya | itihāsas tu sukhāvabodhanārthaḥ | trayastrisaṃkhyākāḥ | ha, ity aitihyārthaḥ | udgītha udgīthajñānaṃ prati kuśalā nipuṇā babhūvuḥ | kasmiṃścid deśe kāle ca nimitte vā sametānām ity abhiprāyaḥ | na hi sarvasmiñ jagati trayāṇām eva kauśalam udgīthādivijñāne | śrūyante hy uṣastijānaśrutikaikeyaprabhṛtayaḥ sarvajñakalpāḥ | ke te traya ity āha-śilako nāmataḥ śalāvato ’patyaṃ śālāvatyaḥ | cikitāyanasyāpatyaṃ caikitāyanaḥ | dalbhagotro dālbhyo dvyāmuṣyāyaṇo vā | pravāhaṇo nāmato jīvalasyāpatyaṃ jaivalir ity ete trayas te hocur anyonyam udgīthe vai kuśalā nipuṇā iti prasiddhāḥ smaḥ | ato hanta yady anumatir bhavatām udgītha udgīthajñānanimittāṃ kathāṃ vicāraṇāṃ pakṣapratipakṣopanyāsena vadāmo vādaṃ kurma ity arthaḥ | tathā ca tadvidyasaṃvāde viparītagrahaṇanāśo ’pūrvavijñānopajanaḥ saṃśayanivṛttiś ceti | atas tadvidyasaṃyogaḥ kartavya iti cet ihāsaprayojanam | dṛśyate hi śilakādīnām || 1 || 
tatheti ha samupaviviśuḥ |
sa ha prāvahaṇo jaivalir uvāca |
bhagavantāv agre vadatām |
bhrāmaṇayor vadator vācaṃ śroṣyāmīti || 
یکی به دو گفت که اول هر دو شما بگوئید بعد از ان من خواهم گفت ۰  
Unus cum illis duobus dixit, quód, primum ambo vos loquamini: postea ego sum locuturus. 
2. They all agreed and sat down. Then Pravahana Gaivali said: 'Sirs, do you both speak first, for I wish to hear what two Brahmanas I have to say. 
tathety uktvā te samupaviviśur hopaviṣṭavantaḥ kila | tatra rājñaḥ prāgalbhyopapatteḥ sa ha pravāhaṇo jaivalir uvācetarau bhagavantau pūjāvantāv agre pūrvaṃ vadatām | brāhmaṇayo riti liṅgād rājāsau | yuvayor brāhmaṇayor vadator vācaṃ śroṣyāmi | artharahitām ity apare vācam iti viśeṣaṇāt || 2 || 
sa ha śilakaḥ śālāvatyaś caikitāyanaṃ dālbhyam uvāca hanta tvā pṛcchānīti |
pṛccheti hovāca || 
: یکی از آن دو از دیگری پرسید که 
Unus ex illis duobus ab altero quæsivit, quód, 
3. Then Silaka Salavatya said to Kaikitayana Dalbhya: 'Let me ask you.'
'Ask,' he replied. 
uktayoḥ sa ha śilakaḥ śālāvatyaś caikitāyanaṃ dālbhyam uvāca- hanta yady anumaṃsyase tvā tvāṃ pṛcchānīty ukta itaraḥ pṛccheti hovāca || 3 || 
kā sāmno gatir iti |
svara iti hovāca |
svarasya kā gatir iti |
prāṇa iti hovāca |
annasya kā gatir iti |
annam iti hovāca |
annasya kā gatir iti |
āpa iti hovāca || 
خقیقت سام چیست ؟ گفت : آواز - پرسید که حقیق آواز چیست ؟ گفت : پران - حقیق پران چیست ؟ گفت : غذا - پرسید که حقیق غذا چیست ؟ گفت : اب ۰ 
quód, veritas τοῦ Sam (re verá Sam) quid est? Dixit: avaz (vox, sonus). Quaesivit: veritas avaz (vocis, soni) quid est? dixit: pran. Quaesivit, quód, veritas τοῦ pran, quid est? dixit: gheda (alimentum). Quaesivit, quód, veritas τοῦ gheda, quid est? dixit: ab (aqua). 
4. 'What is the origin of the Saman?' 'Tone (svara),' he replied.
'What is the origin of tone?' Breath,' he replied.
What is the origin of breath?' 'Food,' he replied.
'What is the origin of food?' 'Water,' he replied. 
labdhānumatir āha-kā sāmnaḥ, prakṛtatvād udgīthasya | udgītho hy atropāsyatvena prakṛtaḥ | parovarīyāṃ samudgītham iti ca vakṣyati | gatir āśrayaḥ parāyaṇam ity etat | evaṃ pṛṣṭo dālbhya uvāca-svara iti | svarātmakatvāt sāmnaḥ | yo yadātmakaḥ sa tadgatis tadāśrayaś ca bhavatīti yuktaṃ mṛdāśraya iva ghaṭādiḥ | svarasya kā gatir iti, prāṇa iti hovāca | prāṇaniṣpādyo hi svaras tasmāt savarasya prāṇo gatiḥ | prāṇasya kā gatir ity annam iti hovāca | annāvaṣṭambho hi prāṇaḥ | śuṣyati vai prāṇa ṛte ’nnād iti hi śruteḥ | annaṃ dāma iti ca | annasya kā gatir ity āpa iti hovāca | apsambhavatvād annasya || 4 || 
apāṃ kā gatir iti |
asau loka iti hovāca |
amuṣya lokasya kā gatir iti |
na svargaṃ lokam atinayed iti hovāca |
svargaṃ vayaṃ lokaṃ sāmābhisaṃsthāpayāmaḥ |
svargasaṃstāvaṃ hi sāmeti || 
پرسید که حقیق آب چیست ؟ گفت : بهشت - پرسید که حقیق بهشت چیست ؟ گفت : چون سام در بهشت آمده ، در آنجا می ماند و او را از بهشت پیش گذشتن روا نبود ۰ 
Dixit: veritas τοῦ behescht, quid est? Dixit: cùm Sam in (22) behescht (manserit), à behescht ampliùs (ultrà) transire (progredi) conveniens non est (non licet). 
5. 'What is the origin of water?' 'That world (heaven),' he replied.
'And what is the origin of that world?'
He replied: 'Let no man carry the Saman beyond the world of svarga (heaven). We place (recognise) the Saman in the world of svarga, for the Saman is extolled as svarga (heaven).' 
apāṃ kā gatir ity asau loka iti | amuṣmāl lokād vṛṣṭiḥ sambhavati | amuṣya lokasya kā gatir iti pṛṣṭo dālbhya uvāca - svargam amuṃ lokam atītyāśrayāntaraṃ sāma na nayet kaścid iti hovācāha | ato vayam api svargaṃ lokaṃ sāmābhisaṃsthāpayāmaḥ | svargalokapratiṣṭhaṃ sāma jānīma ity arthaḥ | svargasaṃstāvaṃ svargatvena saṃstavanaṃ saṃstāvo yasya tatsāma svargasaṃstāvaṃ hi yasmāt svargo vai lokaḥ sāmaveda iti śrutiḥ || 5 || 
taṃ ha śilakaḥ śālāvatyaś caikitāyanaṃ dālbhyam uvācāpratiṣṭhitaṃ vai kila te dālbhya sāma |
yas tv etarhi brūyān mūrdhā te vipatiṣyatīti mūrdhā te vipated iti || 
دومی گفت که عجب سامی است که از بهشت پئش نمیرود ! اگر کسی میگوید که هر که اینچنین سهل سخن بگوید سر او بیفتد ، سر تو می افتاد اما چون دعای بد گناه است من نگفتم ۰ 
Secundus (rek’heschir) cum eo dixit, quód, mirabile Sami est, quod à behescht ampliùs (ultrà) non it (non progreditur)! Si quis diceret: quicunque hujusmodi asthel (verbum insulsum, inconditum) dicit, caput ejus cadat; caput tuum caderet: verùm, cùm votum malum (imprecatio) peccatum sit, ego non dixi, quód caput tuum cadat. 
6. Then said Silaka Salavatya to Kaikitayana Dalbhya: 'O Dalbhya, thy Saman is not firmly established. And if any one were to say, Your head shall fall off (if you be wrong), surely your head would now fall.' 
tam itaraḥ śilakaḥ śālāvatyaś caikitāyanaṃ dālbhyam uvāca - apratiṣṭhitam asaṃsthitaṃ parovarīyastvenāsamāptagati sāmety arthaḥ | vā ity āgamaṃ smārayati kileti ca, dālbhya te tava sāma | yas tvasahiṣṇuḥ sāma videt arhyet asminkāle brūyāt kaścid viparītavijñānam apratiṣṭhitaṃ sāma pratiṣṭhitam ity evaṃvādāparādhinaṃ mūrdhā śiras te vipatiṣyati vispaṣṭaṃ patiṣyatīti | evam uktasyāparādhinas tathaiva tadvipaten na saṃśayo na tvāhaṃ bravīmīty abhiprāyaḥ | nanu mūrdhapātār ahaṃ ced aparādhaṃ kṛtavānataḥ pareṇānuktasyāpi paten mūrdhā; na ced aparādhyuktasyāpi naiva patati | anyathākṛtābhyāgamaḥ kṛtanāśaś ca syātām | naiṣa doṣaḥ | kṛtasya karmaṇaḥ śubhāśubhasya phalaprāpter deśakālanimittāpekṣatvāt | tatraivaṃ sati mūrdhapātanimittasyāpy ajñānasya parābhivyāhāranimittāpekṣatvam iti || 6 || 
hantāham etad bhagavat to vedānīti |
viddhīti hovāca |
amuṣya lokasya kā gatir iti |
ayaṃ loka iti hovāca |
asya lokasya kā gatir iti |
na pratiṣṭhāṃ lokam atinayed iti hovāca |
pratiṣṭhāṃ vayaṃ lokaṃ sāmābhisaṃsthāpayāmaḥ |
pratiṣṭhāsaṃstāvaṃ hi sāmeti || 
پس او گفت تو بگو حقیقت بهشت چیست ؟ گفت : این عالم زمین چرا که معرفت بهشت از آمدن باینعالم و از ریاضت در ائن عالم بهم میرسد و حقیقت بهشت از این عامل دانسته میشود - پرسید که حقیقت این عالم زمین چیست ؟ گفت : چون سام در زمین قراد گرفته است ، در آنجا مانده و از زمین پیش نتوانست گذشت 
Deindè is (rek’heschir qui jàm responderat) dixit: tu dic, quòd veritas behescht (paradisi) quid est? (Primus è duobus rek’heschir) dixit : veritas τοῦ behescht hic mundus (orbis) zemin (terrœ est). Quarè? Quód, maarefat (cognitio) et behescht (paradisus), à τῷ venire [in] hunc mundum, et à mortificatione (afflictione carnis) in hoc mundo, simul veniunt: et (sic) veritas τοῦ behescht ab hoc mundo scita (cognita) fit. Et quæsivit, quód veritas hujus mundi zemin (terrœ), quid est? dixit: cùm Sam, ut venit, in terrâ firmam mansionem ceperit, è terrâ ampliùs (ultrà) non potestas (non convenit) transgredi. 
7. 'Well then, let me know this from you, Sir,' said Dalbhya.
'Know it,' replied Silaka Salavatya.
'What is the origin of that world (heaven)?'
'This world,' he replied.
'And what is the origin of this world? --
He replied: 'Let no man carry the Saman beyond this world as its rest. We place the Saman in this world as its rest, for the Saman is extolled as rest.' 
evamukto dālbhya āha-hantāham etad bhagavat to vedāni yatpratiṣṭhaṃ sāmety uktaḥ pratyuvāca śālāvatyo viddhīti hovāca | amuṣya lokasya kā gatir iti pṛṣṭo dālbhyena śālāvatyo ’yaṃ loka iti hovāca | ayaṃ hi loko yāgadānahomādibhir amuṃ lokaṃ puṣyatīti | itaḥ pradānaṃ devā upajīvantīti hi śrutayaḥ | pratyakṣaṃ hi sarvabhūtānāṃ dharaṇī pratiṣṭheti | ataḥ sāmno ’py ayaṃ lokaḥ pratiṣṭhaiveti yuktam | asya lokasya kā gatir ity ukta āha śālāvatyaḥ | na pratiṣṭhām imaṃ lokam atītya nayet sāma kaścit | ato vayaṃ pratiṣṭhāṃ lokaṃ sāmābhisaṃsthāpayāmaḥ | yasmāt pratiṣṭhāsaṃstāvaṃ hi pratiṣṭhātvena saṃstutaṃ sāmety arthaḥ | iyaṃ vai rathantaram iti ca śrutiḥ || 7 || 
taṃ ha pravāhaṇo jaivalir uvāca |
antavad vai kila te śālāvatya sāma |
yas tv etarhi brūyān mūrdhā te vipatiṣyatīti mūrdhā te vipated iti |
hantāham etad bhagavat to vedānīti |
viddhīti hovāca || 
سومی گفت که عجب سامی است که در عالمی که فانی است قراد گرفته است ! گر کسی میگوید که هر که اینچین سهل سخن بگوید ، سر او بیفتد ، سر تومی افتاد - اما چون دعای بد گناه است من نگفتم ۰ 
Tertius (rek’heschir qui duos loquentes audierat), cum eis dixit: mirabile Sami est, quod in hunc mundum, qui iste mundus cum illo quod in eo est, corruptibilis (caducus) fiat, ut venit, firmam mansionem (ibi) cepit! Si quis diceret: quicunque hujusmodi asthel dicit, caput ejus cadat; caput tuum caderet: verùm cum votum malum peccatum sit, ego non dixi quód caput tuum cadat, caput tuum cadat. 
8. Then said Pravihana Gaivali to Silaka Salavatya: 'Your Saman (the earth), O Salavatya, has an end. And if any one were to say, Your head shall fall off (if you be wrong), surely your head would now fall.'
'Well then, let me know this from you, Sir,' said Salavatya.
'Know it,' replied Gaivali. 
tam evam uktavantaṃ ha pravāhaṇo jaivalir uvācāntavad vai kila te śālāvatya sāmety ādi pūrvavat | tataḥ śālāvatya āha-hantāham etad bhagavat to vedānīti viddhīti hovācetaro ’nujñāta āha || 8 || iti chāndogyopaniṣac chāṅkarabhāṣye prathamo ’dhyāyas ya aṣṭamaḥ khaṇḍaḥ 
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