▪ BYʕ_1 ʻcontract; to buy/sellʼ ↗bāʕa ▪ BYʕ_2 ʻplace of worship, churchʼ ↗bīʕaẗ♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘buying and/or selling, exchange of goods, merchandise, deals; to pledge allegiance, to acknowledge s.o. as ruler’. biyaʕ, a place of worship, is also classified under this root although it is generally recognised as being of foreign origin, possibly Pers.
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▪ DRS 2 (1994) #BYʕ-1 Pun bʕt ‘tarif’; nSyr be ‘hypothèque’; Ar bāʕa, Tham byʕ ‘vendre’; Soq ʔebiḥ ‘être la part de qn, échoir’, šeʔebaḥ ‘demander le partage, partager’; ? Te bayʔät ‘tromperie, abus de confiance’. -2 JP bᵊyāʕā, bīʕᵃtā ‘joie, allégresse’. ▪ …
Traditionally counted as one of the ʔaḍdād. There is, however, no real contradiction (as Monteil 1970: 90 has shown): bāʕa does not signify either buying or selling but the reciprocal act of exchanging s.th., »sans que l’asymétrie de la relation soit exprimé« (ibid.).
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▪ DRS 2 (1994)#BYʕ-1: Pun bʕt ‘tarif’, nSyr be ‘hyothèque’, Ar bāʕa, Tham byʕ ‘vendre’, Soq ʔebiḥ ‘être la part de qn, échoir’, šeʔebaḥ ‘demander le partage, partager’; ? Te bayʔät ‘tromperie, abus de confiance’. ▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#254: AfrAs *bay˅ʕ‑ ‘sell’ > Sem *bīʕ‑ ‘sell’: Ar bayʕ‑ , i. – Cognates only in WCh *bay‑ (with loss of auslaut laryngeal) ‘trade’¹, ‘sell’², and Rift beʔ‑ (with irregular *‑ʔ‑) ‘buy, sell’. ▪ Cf. also bīʕaẗ (though unrelated).
▪ DRS 2 (1994)#BYʕ-1: Aram Syr bāyaʕ < Ar bāyaʕa ‘prêter serment d’allégeance’, sens dérivé de ‘conclure une transaction’. – nSyr < Ar. – Te < Ar bayʕaẗ‑. ▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#25: Ar bayʕ‑i ‘sell’ < Sem *bīʕ‑ ‘sell’ < AfrAs *bay˅ʕ‑ ‘sell’. ▪ Cf. also bīʕaẗ (though unrelated).
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►bāyaʕa, vb. III, to make a contract; to pay homage; to acknowledge as sovereign or leader, pledge allegiance:. ►ʔabāʕa, vb. IV, to offer for sale:. ►tabāyaʕa, vb. VI, to agree on the terms of a sale, conclude a bargain. ►ĭnbāʕa, vb. VII, to be sold, be for sale. ►ĭbtāʕa, vb. VIII, to buy, purchase:. ►BP#1078bayʕ, pl. buyūʕ, buyūʕāt, n., sale: vn. I. ►bayʕaẗ, n.f., agreement, arrangement; business deal, commercial transaction, bargain; sale; purchase; homage:. ►bayyāʕ, n., salesman, merchant, dealer, commission agent, middleman:. ►mubāyaʕaẗ, n.f., pl. ‑āt conclusion of contract; homage; pledge of allegiance; transaction: vn. III. ►ibtiyāʕ, n., purchase: vn. VIII. ►BP#3100bāʔiʕ, n., seller, vendor; dealer, merchant; salesman: PA I. ►bāʔiʕaẗ, n.f., saleswoman: PA I. ►BP#3191mabīʕ, adj., sold: PP I; n., pl. ‑āt sales:. ►mubtāʕ, n., buyer, purchaser: nominalized PA VIII.
▪ eC7 Q 22:40 (in the pl. biyaʕ) ‘place of worship’
▪ DRS 2 (1994) #BYḌ: Ar bāḍa ‘surpasser en blancheur’, ʔabyaḍ ‘blanc’; ?Te bäyyäṣä ‘être brillant’. – (commSem) ‘œuf, testicule’: Hbr (pl.) bēṣīm, nHbr bēṣā, Aram bēʕtā, nSyr (Ur) bītā, Mnd bita, Ar bayḍaẗ, Te bayč̣e. – Ar bīʕaẗ, SAr bʕt ‘église’.
▪ Jeffery1938, 86-87: »It was early recognized as a foreign word (as-Suyūṭī, Itq, 320; Mutaw, 46), and is said by al-Ǧawālīqī, Muʕarrab, 35, to be a borrowing from Pers. One is at a loss to know why al-Ǧawālīqī should think it was Pers, when it is so obviously the Syr bīʕtā,1
unless perhaps we may suggest that he knew of Syrian churches in Pers territory called by this name and jumped to the conclusion that it was a Pers word. Syr bīʕtā is originally an ‘eggʼ (cf. Ar ↗bayḍ; Hbr bēṣā; Aram bīʕā) and then was used metaphorically for the top of a rounded arch – BīʕTā ḏ-QBBH ḏ-PūRQSā, and so for the domed buildings used for worship. – The word was well known in pre-Islamic times, being found in the SAr inscriptions,2
and occurring not infrequently in the old poetry (e.g. Diwan Hudh., ed. Kosegarten, 3, l. 5), and may be assumed to have entered Ar from the Mesopotamian area. It is interesting that the traditional exegesis of the Qurʔān seems to favour the word in xxii, 41, being referred to maʕbad al-naṣārā, though some thought it meant kanīsat al-yahūd, cf. Zam., Baiḍ., Ṭab., on the passage, and TA, v, 285; as-Siǧistānī, 65.« ▪ Unrelated to ↗bāʕa ‘to buy/sell’.