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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic

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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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šaʕīr شعير 
ID 467 • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√ŠʕR 
n.coll. (n.un. ‑aẗ) 
barley; (n.un. -aẗ) barleycorn – WehrCowan1979. 
A lexical item of particular importance for the history of agriculture in the Middle East. The word goes back to Sem *śaʕār‑ or/and *śaʕīr‑ (▪ Kogan2011: protCSem *ś˅ʕ˅r‑) ‘barley’ (from AfrAs *ĉar‑ /*ĉaʕ˅r‑ ‘dto.’), which probably is akin to ‘hair’, cf. ↗šaʕr (*‘the hairy, bearded grain’). 
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▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#544: Ug šʕr, Hbr śeʕorā, Syr sǝʕārǝtā, Sab śʕr. – Outside Sem: Eg šr.t ‘barley’ (MK).
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▪ Orel&Stolbova1994#544 reconstructs Sem *śaʕār‑ or/and (with derivative vocalism) *śaʕīr‑ ‘barley’ < AfrAs *ĉar‑ /*ĉaʕ˅r‑ ‘barley’. Given a form without Sem ‑ʕ‑ in Eg, one could think of Sem *śaʕār‑ /*śaʕīr‑ as being secondary formations, stemming from an original AfrAs *śar‑ which became influenced by or contaminated with Sem *śaʕar‑ ‘be hairy’ (↗šaʕr). If this was the case, the variant AfrAs *ĉaʕ˅r‑ will have to be completely dismissed in favour of *ĉar‑.
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ŠʕL شعل 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 31Mar2023
√ŠʕL 
“root” 
▪ ŠʕL_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ŠʕL_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ŠʕL_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to set on fire, inflame, kindle, blaze, burn brightly’ 
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ŠĠF شغف 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 2Apr2023
√ŠĠF 
“root” 
▪ ŠĠF_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ŠĠF_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ŠĠF_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘the membrane enclosing the heart (the pericardium); the centre; to smite, pierce; to infatuate, be smitten with love, ardent love, passion’ 
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ŠĠL شغل 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√ŠĠL 
“root” 
▪ ŠĠL_1 ‘…’ ↗…
▪ ŠĠL_2 ‘…’ ↗…

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to occupy, to employ, to make busy, engagement, toil, occupation, concern; to divert; to occupy (a place)’ 
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