Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ from Syr krawyā, karwāyā, from Grk karuía (sic Ullmann in WKAS I 1970; Beekes gives only káron and the prob. older, perh. pre-Grk karṓ). – DRS KRW/Y-5 Emprunt du grec káron, karṓ ‘carvi, cumin des prés’, lui-même d’étymologie non assurée.
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▪ Variants in ClassAr: karawyāʔᵘ, karwiyāʔᵘ, karawiyyaẗ – WKAS I 1970.
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▪ (loanword) Grk > Syr > Ar, see above, section CONC.
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▪ Engl caraway, plant of southern Europe, the aromatic seeds of which are used in cooking and baking, lC13, carewei, via oFr caroi from oIt or mLat carui, from Ar karāwiyā, which is of unknown origin but suspected to be somehow from Grk karon ‘cumin’. Also as AngloLat carvi, oFr carvi. oSpan had alcarahuaya, alcaravea – EtymOnline.
▪ Cf. also Lokotsch1927: Ar karawiyāʔ ‘Feldkümmel, Carum carvi L.’, perh. from Grk káron, Lat careum, hence Fr It carvi ‘Wiesenkümmel’, Du karwij, Engl caraway ‘Feldkümmel’, Ge Karve, Karbe, Span carvi, alcaravea, Port alcaravia.
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For values attached to the root KRW/Y under which karawyā is sometimes grouped, cf. ↗karā\à as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗KRW/Y. – Cf. also ↗KRː (KRR), ↗KRKR, ↗KRW, and ↗KRY.

KRY كري

√KRY

“root”

▪ KRY_1 ‘to rent, lease, let, let out, etc.’ ↗kirāʔ
▪ KRY_2 ‘to sleep, be asleep, slumber’ ↗¹kariya
▪ KRY_3 ‘to dig’ ↗karā\à (KRW/Y)
▪ KRY_4 ‘curry’ ↗karrī

Other values, now obsolete, include (WKAS I 1970, Hava1899, BK1860)

▪ ^†KRY_5 ‘to have thin and parted legs | avoir les jambes minces et écartées’: ^†²kariya (a, karàⁿ); ? ^†karāⁿ ‘thinness of the shank’, cf. ↗KRʕ (WKAS)
▪ ^†KRY_6 ‘to run swiftly | se mettre à courir à toutes jambes, courir en ramassant, pour ainsi dire, rapidement ses pieds’: ^†karà (i, kary)
▪ ^†KRY_7 ‘to decrease, dwindle’: ^†³kariya (a, karàⁿ); also vb. III, ^†kārà (WKAS), and vb. IV, ^†ʔakrà (Hava) ‘to decrease, diminish, lessen | diminuer, être en déchet’
▪ ^†KRY_8 ‘to increase | augmenter, s’accroître ; to prolong (a discourse) | allonger, prolonger (p.ex. son entretien) ; différer, remettre à plus tard’ : ^†ʔakrà (IV) contr. of preceding; (WKAS:) ^†kārà (III) ‘to delay, postpone’
▪ ^†KRY_9 ‘to keep sacred vigils | passer des nuits dans l’insomnie et en actes de devotion’ : ^†ʔakrà (IV)
▪ ^†KRY_ ‘…’ ↗kry

▪ [v1] (≙ DRS #KRY-1): The value ‘to rent, lease, let, let out, etc.’ is well attested in Sem (Ar, modSAr, Te Amh; Hbr with the slightly differing meaning ‘to buy, trade, run a business’). While the EthSem forms may be from Ar, the modSAr ones look rather genuine. In MSA, the corresponding vb. I has become obsolete, but the n. kirāʔ and vb.s III kārà and IV ʔakrà are still in use with the same meaning. – Any relation to ^†[v8] in the sense of ‘to prolong, postpone’ (a contract?)?
▪ [v2] : According to DRS (#KRY-3), Ar ¹kariya ‘to sleep, be asleep, slumber’ is without obvious cognates in Sem. – Any relation to ^†[v9] ^†ʔakrà which, in BK1860, means ‘passer des nuits dans l’insomnie…’; should ‘passing the night in sleeplessness’ have developed into ‘slumber’?
▪ [v3] Accord. to Kogan2015, Ar KRY ‘to dig’ is from WSem *KRY ‘to dig’ (see s.r. ↗KRW/Y). – Klein1987 thinks that »the orig. meaning of this base was ‘to make round’«, associating Hbr kārāʰ ‘to dig’ with Ar kuraẗ ‘globe, sphere, ball’, Aram kᵊrēʸ, Syr karyā ‘heap’, and Syr kᵊrā ‘be short’ (Klein: lit., ‘be rounded off’). These juxtapositions look a bit far-fetched; but if valid, [v3] will have to be seen as forming a unit with KRW (↗kuraẗ), KRː (KRR) (↗kur(r)āriyyaẗ), and KRKR (↗^†KRKR_4).
▪ [v4] : karrī ‘curry’ is from Engl curry, ultimately from SInd lang.s. (mKan, mTam, Malayalam).
▪ ^†[v5] (≙ DRS #KRW-4, ? DRS #KRY-4): It is not totally clear, though rather likely, that ^†²kariya ‘to have thin and parted legs’ is akin to, perh. even identical with, ^†karāⁿ ‘thinness of the shank’, which latter Ullmann (WKAS I 1970) suggests to compare to ↗KRʕ ‘id.’.
▪ ^†[v6] : In rendering Ar ^†karà ‘se mettre à courir à toutes jambes’ with an explanatory ‘courir en ramassant, pour ainsi dire, rapidement ses pieds’, BK1860 seems to suggest that the value ‘to run swiftly’ should be seen in relation with the basic notion of *‘piling up, heaping up, collecting, assembling’ as reflected, for instance, in kuraẗ ‘sphere, ball’ and ^†karā ‘to round s.th.’ (↗KRW), or ^†⁴karkara ‘to collect, blow into a ball (wind the clouds)’ (↗^†KRKR_4), as well as in EgAr ↗ku(r)rāriyyaẗ ‘spool, bobbin, reel; ball (of string, wool etc.)’.
▪ ^†[v7] : DRS does not register ^†³kariya (also III and IV) ‘to decrease, deminish, dwindle, lessen’ among their #KRY values, nor among other phonetically close ones. Should one compare DRS #KRW-1 ‘être court, devenir court’ (Akk, Syr)?
▪ ^†[v8] : The value ‘to increase; to prolong (a discourse)’ (^†ʔakrà) seems to contradict the preceding one. Within Ar, it is prob. akin to, perh. even identical with, ^†kārà ‘to delay, postpone’. – Is it also related to [v1] ‘to rent, lease, let, let out’ (? < *‘to prolong the right to use s.th., postpone the date of calling s.th. back’)?
▪ ^†[v9] ^†ʔakrà ‘to keep sacred vigils | passer des nuits dans l’insomnie et en actes de devotion’ : poss. extended use of ^†[v8] ‘to increase, prolong’. – Any relation to [v2] ‘to sleep, be asleep, slumber’?
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▪ DRS #KRY-1 Hbr *kārāʰ ‘acheter, marchander, traiter une affaire, négocier’, Ar kārā ‘louer, donner à loyer’, Mhr škēri, Ḥrs škēr, Śḥr škereʔ ‘louer, employer’, Te təkārạ̄, Amh (tä)kärrayä ‘louer’. -2 Akk karū, nHbr kᵊri, JudPalAram Syr karyā ‘tas de céréales, de froment ; mesure de capacité’.¹ -3 Ar kariya ‘sommeiller’. -4 karā ‘marcher à allure forcée’. -5 Amh käre ‘os iliaque’. -6 kurye ‘mare, eau stagnante’.
▪ DRS #KRW-1 Akk karū, Syr kᵊrā, kᵊrī ‘être court, devenir court’. -2 kurwah ‘champ ensemencé’. -3 Ar karā ‘jouer à la balle’. -4 karāⁿ ‘minceur des jambes’. [?]-5 karawān : nom d’un oiseau (courlis ? pluvier ?).
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1. DRS #KRY-2: Aram < Akk < Sum.

▪ See above, section CONC.
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