Bibliotheca Polyglotta

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘male, male organ, manhood, masculinity; weighty head of the axe; power; honour, renown, good name; to mention, to remember, to remind, to commit to memory, to learn by heart, to study, to investigate; to propose marriage; a record; to praise; to insult, to defame’

▪ Any connection between ḎKR_1 ‘male’, ḎKR_2 ‘steel’ and ḎKR_3 ‘to remember’ ? Lane gives the classical lexicographers’ opinion that ḏakar ‘male’ originally meant the one often ‘mentioned’ and much ‘talked of’. From the ‘much talked-of’ = the ‘male’, the idea of masculinity could then have been transferred to a sword, a cutting, sharp one being a ‘male’. DRS 4 (1993), too, groups ‘steel’ (attested only in Ar) together with ‘male’ as one item, as opposed to the ‘remember, mention’ complex. BDB, however, thinks that the original sense of ḎKR could have been ‘to be sharp’ (of which ḏakīr, ^†ḏakar ‘steel’ would be some traces).

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▪ DRS #ḎKR-1 Akk zakāru ‘déclarer, mentionner, nommer, invoquer’, zikr‑ ‘discours, mention, ordre, renommée, serment’; CAN. ta. zakāru, Phoen *skr, Pun Hbr zākar, skr; EmpAram zkr, JudPal dᵊkar, Syr ʔeddᵊkar ‘se souvenir de’, Mand dkar ‘rappeler, commémorer’, zakar ‘réciter (une incantation)’; Can zēker ‘mention’, zikkārōn, Phoen skr, skrn, Pun skr; ancEmpAram zkrn, BiblAram dikrōn, dākrān, Nab Palm dkrn, JudPal Syr dūkrānā ‘souvenir, mémorial’, Nab Palm dkyr, Syr dᵊkīr ‘commémoré’; Syr zakkūrā ‘revenant, devin’; Ar ḏakara ‘se souvenir, rappeler, mentionner, raconter’, ḏikr ‘souvenir, mention, récit, renommée’; SAr ḏkr ‘mentionner, enregistrer; déclaration, notification’, Mhr Ḥars ḏēker, Jib ḏekər, Soq dekir ‘penser, se souvenir’; Gz zakara, Te zäkrä, ǧäkkärä, Tña zäkkärä, Amh täzäkkärä ‘se souvenir de’, Gz zəkr, tazkār ‘souvenir, mémoire’, Amh Gur zäkkärä ‘faire un repas funéraire’; Hbr ʔazkārāh, JudPal ʔadkārā ‘mémorial’. -2 Akk zikar‑, zakr‑ ‘mâle, viril’, zikrūt‑ ‘virilité’; Ug dakaru ‘homme’; Hbr zākār ‘homme, bélier’; EmpAram zkr, Nab Palm dkr, JudPal dikrā, Syr dekrā ‘mâle’, BiblAram *dᵊkar ‘bélier’; Ar ḏakar, SAr ḏkr, Ḥars ḏekar ‘mâle’, Jib mməḏkər ‘chevreau mâle’, Soq mišer ‘palmier mâle’; Ar ḏakar ‘acier’, ḏakkara ‘acérer le tranchant’.
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▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl n.prop. Zechariah ↗ḏakara.

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