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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic

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Click to Expand/Collapse OptionEtymArab
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muqāwamaẗ مُقاوَمَة 
ID 729 • Sw – • BP 567 • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√QWM 
n.f. 
… – WehrCowan1979. 
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QWMS قومس 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 22May2024
√QWMS 
"root" 
▪ QWMS_1 ‘depths of the sea; (pl.) mishaps, misfortunes, adversities’ ↗qawmas; ‘to dip, immerse, soak, steep’ ↗qamasa
▪ QWMS_2 ‘dictionary’ ↗qāmūs
▪ QWMS_3 ‘…’ ↗
 
▪ [gen] : via the form ʔuqyānūs ‘ocean’ borrowed from Grk Okeanós ‘Okeanos (god of the sea), Atlantic Ocean’, itself of unknown etymology – Rolland2014. The “root” is also given as ↗QMS.
▪ [v1] : The vb. qamasa is prob. denom., although it “dropped” the “root” cons. W.
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▪ Engl ocean, »(c. 1300) occean, ‘the vast body of water on the surface of the globe’, from oFr occean ‘ocean’ (C12, modFr océan), from Lat oceanus, from Grk ōkeanos, the great river or sea surrounding the disk of the Earth (as opposed to the Mediterranean), a word of unknown origin; Beekes suggests it is pre-Grk. Personified as Oceanus, son of Uranus and Gaia and husband of Tethys« – etymonline.com.
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qawmas قَوْمَس , pl. qawāmisᵘ  
ID – • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 22May2024
√QWMS, QMS 
n. 
1 depths of the sea; 2 pl. mishaps, misfortunes, adversities – WehrCowan1976  
▪ Via the form ʔuqyānūs ‘ocean’ borrowed from Grk Okeanós ‘Okeanos (god of the sea), Atlantic Ocean’, itself of unknown etymology. The “root” is also given as ↗QMS.
▪ Cf. also the var. ↗qāmūs ‘ocean; dictionary’.
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▪ ↗QWMS
 
qamasa, u, i (qams), vb. I, to dip, immerse, soak, steep (s.th. in): prob. denom. (dropping the “radical” W).

▪ Cf. also ↗qāmūs.
 
qāmūs قاموس , pl. qawāmīsᵘ  
ID – • Sw – • BP 4577 • APD … • © SG | 22May2024
√QWMS, QMS, QāMūS 
n. 
1 ocean; 2 dictionary, lexicon – WehrCowan1976  
▪ via the form ʔuqyānūs ‘ocean’ borrowed from Grk Okeanós ‘Okeanos (god of the sea), Atlantic Ocean’, itself of unknown etymology – Rolland2014. – For more details see below, section DISC.
 
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▪ See also below, section DISC.
 
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▪ »The word ḳāmūs/ḳawmas [↗qawmas], from the Greek Ωχεανός, appeared in Ar, at the latest at the time of the Prophet, with the meaning of ‘the bottom, the very deepest part of the sea’. Nevertheless, following Ptolemy, the Arab geographers borrowed the Grk word again, in the form Uḳiyānūs, and applied it to ‘the mass of water surrounding the earth’, more particularly the Atlantic Ocean, which was called Uḳiyānūs al-muḥīṭ, then more simply al-Ḳāmūs al-muḥīṭ. As this latter term was employed in a metaphorical sense by al-Fīrūzābādī as the title of his great dictionary, ḳāmūs eventually came to be a common noun denoting a dictionary, though it still carried some sense of ‘fullness, exhaustiveness’, incontrast to muʕdjam [↗muʕǧam], ‘lexicon’. This distinction, however, was neither general nor absolute, so that nowadays muʕdjam tends to be used in the same sense as ḳāmūs. In classical Arabic, the concept of ‘dictionary’ was not covered by any single term, each lexicographical work bearing its own title. A number of these titles included the word lugha [↗luġaẗ], ‘language’, and lexicography was called ʕilm al-lugha ‘the science of language’. Sometimes this was confused with ‘philology’, which today is called fiḳh al-lugha, an expression already employed in the Middle Ages by Ibn Fāris in the title of his celebrated Ṣāḥibī. The neologism muʕdjamiyyāt is now tending to gain currency« – J.A. Haywood, art. »Ḳāmūs«, in EI².
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▪ See ↗QWMS.
 
Cf. also ↗qawmas
QWY قوي 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 3May2023
√QWY 
“root” 
▪ QWY_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ QWY_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ QWY_3 ‘...’ ↗...

Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘strength, to be, or become, strong; seriousness; barren land, to be without food or provision, be forsaken, be desolate’ 
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QYTR قيتر 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 28Oct2021
√QYTR 
“root” 
▪ QYTR_1 ‘guitar; lute’: qītār, var. ↗qīṯāraẗ
▪ QYTR_2 ‘…’ ↗
 
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QYṮR قيثر 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 28Oct2021
√QYṮR 
“root” 
▪ QYṮR_1 ‘guitar; lute’ ↗qīṯāraẗ
▪ QYṮR_2 ‘…’ ↗
 
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