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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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Click to Expand/Collapse OptionEtymArab
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haram هَرَم , pl. ʔahrām , ʔahrāmāt 
ID 892 • Sw – • BP 3342 • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√HRM 
n. 
pyramid – WehrCowan1979. 
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► haram nāqiṣ, n., frustum of pyramid, truncated pyramid (math.)

► haramī, adj., pyramidlike, pyramidical, pyramidal: nsb-adj.
► ʔahrāmī, adj., pyramid like, pyramidical, pyramidal: nsb-adj., from ʔahrām, pl. of haram. 
HZː (HZZ) هزّ/هزز 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√ HZː (HZZ) 
“root” 
▪ HZː (HZZ)_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HZː (HZZ)_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HZː (HZZ)_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘shaking, vibrating, to swing; to walk briskly, (of God) to bring forth plants, (of barren land) to become alive; rumbling, quivering, trembling, commotion, movement’ 
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HZʔ هزء 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√HZʔ 
“root” 
▪ HZʔ_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HZʔ_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HZʔ_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to mock, scorn, ridicule, sneer at, derision; to break; to perish, cause death of cattle by allowing them to get too cold’ 
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HZL هزل 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√HZL 
“root” 
▪ HZL_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HZL_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HZL_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to mock, joke, jest, take lightly; to be thin, be emaciated; to lose one’s cattle, become impoverished’ 
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HZM هزم 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√HZM 
“root” 
▪ HZM_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HZM_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HZM_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘lowland; crevice, dent, groove, crack; to defeat, vanquish, rob s.o. of his rights; roll of thunder; disaster, to kill; emaciated animals’ 
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HŠː (HŠŠ) هشّ/هشش 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√ HŠː (HŠŠ) 
“root” 
▪ HŠː (HŠŠ)_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HŠː (HŠŠ)_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HŠː (HŠŠ)_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to be brittle; to be pliant, (of bread etc.) to be thin, be soft; to be welcoming, wear a welcoming smile; to drive away; to beat down tree leaves with a stick; a horse that perspires too much’ 
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HŠM هشم 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√HŠM 
“root” 
▪ HŠM_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HŠM_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HŠM_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to break down, crumble, crack; to be frail, be brittle; dry stalks, straw, dry herbage, land with dry, dead trees; lowlands’ 
▪ Ar root *√HŠM ‘to smash, shatter, destroy’ – Huehnergard2011.
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HḌM هضم 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√HḌM 
“root” 
▪ HḌM_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HḌM_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HḌM_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to digest; to deny s.o. his rights, oppress; to cleave; to be slender, be graceful, be soft and ripe; to be encased; lowland’ 
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HṬʕ هطع 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√HṬʕ 
“root” 
▪ HṬʕ_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HṬʕ_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HṬʕ_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘to come rushing in fear, stretch the neck and head in agitation, transfix the eyes in horror, cower in fear; a wide road’ 
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HL هل 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 20May2023
√HL 
“root” 
▪ HL_1 ‘(interrogative particle)’ ↗hal
▪ HL_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ HL_3 ‘...’ ↗... 
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HLː (HLL) هلّ / هلل 
ID … • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021
√HLː (HLL) 
“root” 
▪ HLː (HLL)_1 ‘…’ ↗…
▪ HLː (HLL)_2 ‘…’ ↗…

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘new moon, (of the moon) to appear for the first time; (of the month) to start; crescent, crescent-šaped; to come forth; to exalt God, to invoke God’s name upon an animal at the moment of slaughter; (of the face) to lighten up, to show joy; (of clothes) to become tattered’ 
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▪ From protSem *√HLL ‘to shout, boast’; in derived stem, ‘to praise’ – Huehnergard2011.
 
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▪ (Huehnergard2011:) Engl alleluia, hallelujah, from Hbr hallᵊlû-yāh ‘praise Yahweh’, from hallᵊlû ‘praise’, imp.m. of hillēl ‘to praise’, akin to Ar ↗hallala. 
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