Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Jeffery1938 presents 2 alternative suggestions (for details, see below, section DISC): (a) via Pers sandūqus from Grk sánduks ‘bright red colour; (hence also:) transparent, flesh-coloured women’s garments (dyed with this colour)’, a word used among the Lydians; (b) from Grk sindṓn ‘garment used in the Bacchic mysteries’, from Akk saddinnu, šaddinnu.
▪ Cheung2017rev: prob. a direct borrowing from Parth/mPers sndws. For details, see below, section DISC.
▪ …

▪ eC7 (‘fine silk’) Q 18:31 wa-yalbasūna ṯiyāban ḫuḍran min sundusin ‘they will be wearing garments of fine green silk’; see also 44:53; 76:21.

▪ var. (a) : Syr sāndūks
▪ var. (b) : Akk sudinnu, sa(d)din(n)u, šaddinnu ‘piece of cloth, (a tunic/garment) multicoloured of linen’ (> Hbr sādîn, Aram sdynʔ > Syr sedūnā ‘piece of cloth’), Gz səndun, səndon, sandon, sondon, sondun ‘fine linen, fine garment, linen cloth, gown’ – Leslau2006.

▪ Jeffery1938: »It occurs only in combination with ↗istabraq in describing the elegant clothing of the inhabitants of Paradise, and thus may be suspected at once of being an Iranian word. / It was early recognized as a foreign borrowing, and is given as Pers by al-Kindī, Risāla, 85; al-Thaʕlabī, Fiqh, 317; al-Jawālīqī, Muʕarrab, 79; al-Khafājī, 104; as-Suyūṭī, Itq, 322. Others, however, took it as Ar, as the Muḥīṭ notes, and some, as we learn from TA, iv, 168, thought it was one of the cases where the two languages used the same word. / Freytag in his Lexicon gave it as e persica lingua, though Fraenkel, Vocab, 4, raised a doubt, for no such form as sundus occurs in Pers, ancient or modern.^¹ Dvořák, Fremdw, 72, suggests that it is a corruption of the Pers sandūqus, which like Syr sāndūks is derived from Grk sánduks,^² a word used among the Lydians, so Strabo XI, xiv, 9, says, for fine, transparent, flesh-coloured women’s garments of linen. / Fraenkel, Fremdw, 41, compares with the Grk sindṓn, the garment used in the Bacchic mysteries, and with this Vollers, ZDMG, 51:298, is inclined to agree, as also Zimmern, Akkad. Fremdw, 37. sindṓn itself is derived from Akk sudinnu, sadinnu, whence came the Hbr sādîn, Aram sdynā. In any case it was an early borrowing as it occurs in the early poetry, e.g. in Mutalammis, xiv, 3, etc.«

1. See now Henning in BSOS, ix, 87. 2. Vullers, Lex, ii, 331.

–

►sundusī, adj., (made) of silk brocade or sarcenet: nisba formation.

SNR سنر

√SNR

“root”

▪ SNR_1 ‘fishing tackle, fishhook; crochet needle’ ↗sinnāraẗ
▪ SNR_2 ‘cat’ ↗¹sinnawr

Other values, now obsolete, include (Lane iv 1872, Hava1899):

▪ ^†SNR_3 ‘prince, lord, master, chief, chief of a tribe’: ^†²sinnawr
▪ ^†SNR_4 ‘vertebra of the upper part of the neck (of a camel); root of the tail’: ↗^†³sinnawr
▪ ^†SNR_5 ‘armour, coat made of thongs, worn in war, like a coat of mail, any weapon (of iron) or arms’: ^†sanawwar
▪ ^†SNR_6 ‘to be(come) illnatured, very perverse, cross, narrow in disposition’: ↗^†sanira, a (sanar).
▪ …

▪ [v1] sinnāraẗ ‘fishing tackle, fishhook; crochet needle’: from Aram, or Grk? See variant spelling ↗ṣinnāraẗ, with initial /ṣ/ instead of /s/.
▪ [v2] ¹sinnawr ‘cat’: unless an Akkadism (Akk > Aram > Ar), one may posit protSem *šu/in(n)ār-, *šurān- ~ *su/in(n)ār-, *surān- ‘cat’; but ComSem status remains doubtful – MilitarevKogan2005 SED II #206. Like Fraenkel1886: 43, also LandbergZetterstein1942 regard ¹sinnawr as a dimin. in FiʕʕawL, from the more basic forms ^†sunnār, ^†sunār, which also are historically attested. – Accord. to Lane iv 1872, the word is »rare in the language of the Arabs, ↗hirr and ḍaywan are more common«; some Ar lexicographers think ¹sinnawr ‘cat’ is from [v6] ^†sanira (a, sanar) ‘to be(come) illnatured, very perverse, cross, narrow in disposition’, but that also »the reverse may be the case«.
▪ ^†[v3] ^†²sinnawr ‘prince, lord, master, chief, chief of a tribe’: a var. of sanbar ‘experienced, knowledgeable, expert’? Of obscure etymology. – DHDA registers an attestation of (the phonologically close) ^†sanbar in the sense of ‘experienced, knowledgeable, expert’, which could be the basis of ‘prince, lord, master, chief’. Other phonologically close words like ^†ṣanbar, ^†ṣunbūr ‘mean, ignoble’ (^†[v3] in root entry ↗ṢNBR) or ^†ṣinnawr ‘niggardly man, of evil disposition’ and ^†⁴ṣinnāraẗ ‘homme qui, malgré sa bonne naissance, n’est ni lettré ni bien élevé; rustre’ (= [v5] in root entry ↗ṢNR) do not fit in semantically.
▪ ^†[v4] ^†³sinnawr ‘vertebra of the upper part of the neck (of a camel); root of the tail’: of obscure etymology.
▪ ^†[v5] ^†sanawwar ‘armour, coat made of thongs, worn in war, like a coat of mail, any weapon (of iron) or arms’: Ḍinnāwī2004 assumes an origin in Syr sanūrā ~ sanwartā ‘crown of the head; head-covering, headband, cap, helmet’ (PayneSmith1903). Hebbo1970 thinks (with Sachau) that the Syr word is in turn from mPers, cf. Pers serbār~servār ‘burden carried on the head, headload’, Av sara-bāra ‘head cover’ (Horn1893). – Cf. also ^†ṣinnāraẗ ‘leathern handle; handle, kind of shieldʼ (↗√ṢNR).
▪ ^†[v6] ^†sanira (a, sanar) ‘to be(come) illnatured, very perverse, cross, narrow in disposition’: some Class Ar lexicographers thought the item was denom. from [v2] sinnawr ‘cat’, but were far from sure about that: »perhaps the reverse may be the case« – Lane iv 1872.
▪ …

▪ [v1] : See ↗ṣinnāraẗ.
▪ [v2] : 605 – DHDA. – Lane iv 1872: also ^†sunnār, ^†sunār.
▪ ^†[v3] : (? – akin to ^†²sinnawr?) 641 sanbar ‘experienced, knowledgeable, expert’ – DHDA.
▪ ^†[v4] : 626 sinawwar ‘vertebra of the cattle’s neck’ – DHDA.
▪ ^†[v5] : 540 sanawwar ‘weapon worn in war’ – DHDA.
▪ ^†[v6] : …
▪ …

▪ [v1] : See variant spelling ↗ṣinnāraẗ (with initial /ṣ/ rather than /s/).
▪ [v2] : MilitarevKogan2005 (SED II) #206: Akk šurānu ‘cat’,¹ oAram šrn ‘wild cat’, JudAram šunnārā, šūnārā, šūrānā ‘cat’, šīnurtā ‘she-cat’, Syr šūrᵊnā ‘felis; mustela, animal quod vorat gallinas’, šūnārā ‘felis’, šᵊnārᵊtā, šānūrā ‘felis, felicula’, sannūrā, sannūrᵊtā ‘felis’, Mnd šunara ‘cat’, šinarta (f. of šunara) ‘she-cat’, Ar sunnār, sinnawr, šūnārā,² Mhr sənnáwrət, sennôret, Ḥrs sennōreh, Jib sínórt, sinúrt ‘cat’.
▪ ^†[v3] : (?) ^†sanbar ‘experienced, knowledgeable, expert’ (see section HIST)? – Similar words with initial /ṣ/ like ^†ṣanbar, ^†ṣunbūr ‘mean, ignoble’, ^†ṣinnawr ‘niggardly man, of evil disposition’ and ^†⁴ṣinnāraẗ ‘homme qui, malgré sa bonne naissance, n’est ni lettré ni bien élevé; rustre’ can hardly be cognate as they do not match semantically.
▪ ^†[v4] : ?
▪ ^†[v5] (Prob. borrowed from) Syr sanūrā ~ sanwartā ‘crown of the head; head-covering, headband, cap, helmet’ (PayneSmith1903). – Cf. also ^†ṣinnāraẗ ‘leathern handle; handle, kind of shieldʼ (↗√ṢNR).
▪ ^†[v6] : ?
▪ …

1. oAkk on; in oAkk attested as personal name; passages in which šurānu unambiguously denotes a wild cat are well known whereas there is no context definitely suggesting a meaning ‘domestic cat’. 2. Accord. to Hommel1879: 315 attested in late texts only.

▪ [v1] : See above, section CONC, and/or directly s.v. ↗ṣinnāraẗ.
▪ [v2] : MilitarevKogan2005 SED II #206: »Since a chain of borrowings (Akk > Aram > Ar > modSAr) is not unlikely, the ComSem status of the term is doubtful. An Akkadism in Aram is cautiously suggested in Kaufman1974: 154 whereas the Ar term is regarded as an Aramaism in Hommel1879: 314. Hommel’s interpretation of the Aram forms as borrowed from Grk saínouros ‘Schwanzwedler’ is definitively impossible in view of the Akk evidence (critical observations on this suggestion see already in Nöldeke1879: 1269). – Possible AfrAs parallels display a highly complicated picture.«
▪ ^†[v3]-^†[v6]: ?
▪ …

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