Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ DRS 10 (2012) #ḪDM-1 Ar ḫadama ‘servir qn; travailler, être à œuvre’, MġrAr ḫdəm ‘servir qn, être au service de qn; travailler’, ḫdīm ‘serviteur, domestique’, Sab ḫtdm ‘faire cultiver (les champs), être cultivé (champ)’, ḫdmt ‘servante’, Qat ḫdm ‘exécuter, faire’ ; Soq ḥédom, Mhr ḫədōm, Jib ḫódúm ‘travailler’, Ḥrs ḫedōm ‘faire, travailler, construire’.
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ḫadama ’l-ʔarḍ, vb., to till or cultivate the soil;
ḫadamahū ḫidamāt kaṯīraẗ , expr., he rendered him many services;
ḫadama rikāba fulān, vb., to be at s.o.’s beck and call;
ḫadama maṣāliḥa fulān, vb., to serve s.o.’s interests;
ḫadama ’l-quddāsaẗ, vb., to celebrate Mass (Chr.).

►ḫaddama, vb. II, 1a to employ, hire (s.o.), engage the services (of s.o.); b to give work (to s.o.), provide work (for): D-stem, caus.
►^BP#1055ĭstaḫdama, vb. X, 1a to employ, hire, take on (s.o., li‑ for s.th.), engage the services (li‑ of s.o. for s.th.); b to put in operation, operate (e.g., a public utility); c to employ, use (s.th., li‑ for), make use, avail o.s. (of s.th., li‑ for a purpose): *Št-stem, caus.autobenef.

►ḫadam, n., servants, attendants.
►^BP#307ḫidmaẗ, pl. ḫidam, ‑āt, n.f., 1a a service (rendered); b attendance, service; 2 operation; 3a office, employment, occupation, job; b work: vn. I | fī ḫidmaẗ šayʔ, expr., in the service of s.th.; fī ḫidmatikum, expr., at your service; ḫidmaẗan lil-ḥaqīqaẗ, expr., in the interest of truth, for the sake of truth; al- ḫidmaẗ al-ʕaskariyyaẗ, n.f., military service; al- ḫidmaẗ al-ʔiǧbāriyyaẗ, n.f., conscription, compulsory service; al-ḫidmaẗ al-sirriyyaẗ, n.f., secret service (pol.); ḫidmaẗ al-quddās, n.f., celebration of Mass (Chr.).
►ḫaddām, pl. ‑aẗ, n., 1a manservant, servant, attendant; b woman servant, female domestic servant, maid: ints. formation.
►ḫadāmaẗ, n.f., 1 attendance, service; 2 employment, occupation, office, job.
►ḫaddāmaẗ, pl. ‑āt, n.f., woman servant, female domestic servant, maid: ints. formation, f.
►taḫdīm, n., work, occupation or duty of an employment agent: vn. II | maktab al- taḫdīm, n., labor office, employment bureau.
►^BP#645ĭstiḫdām, n., 1a (putting into) operation; b use, utilization; 2a employment, hiring (of an employee); b service, occupation, position, job: vn. X.
►^BP#2129ḫādim, pl. ḫuddām, ḫadamaẗ, n., 1a domestic servant, help;b manservant; c woman servant; 2 employee; 3 attendant; 4 waiter; 5 deacon (Chr.): PA I.
►ḫādimaẗ, n.f., 1a woman servant; b female domestic servant, maid; c woman attendant: PA I, f.
►ḫādimiyyaẗ, n.f., status of a servant: abstr. formation in ‑iyyaẗ.
►maḫdūm, pl. ‑ūn, maḫādīmᵘ, n., master, employer: PP I, lit. *ʻperson attended to’.
►maḫdūmaẗ, n.f., mistress, lady (of the house), woman employer: PP I, f. of preceding.
►maḫdūmiyyaẗ, n.f., status of the master or employer: abstr. formation in ‑iyyaẗ.
►muḫaddim, pl. ‑ūn, n., employment agent: PA II.
►^BP#3089mustaḫdim, pl. ‑ūn, n., employer: PA X.
►^BP#3259mustaḫdam, 1 adj., used, utilized, employed; – 2 (colloq. mustaḫdim), pl. ‑ūn, n., employee, official: PP X.

ḪDN خدن

ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 12Mar2023

√ḪDN

“root”

▪ ḪDN_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ḪDN_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ḪDN_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘friend, companion, confidant; to take a friend; lover’

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ḫidīw خِدِيو , var. ḫudaywī

ID – • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 16May2023

ḪDW

khedive – WehrCowan1976

▪ Rolland2014 : from Pers ḫidīv ‘ruler, governor, king’, from mPers ḫʷatāy ‘God’, IE *gʰeu‑ ‘to pour a libation’ or *gʰeu(ə)‑ ‘to invoke’.¹ – « Du même etymon » (accord. to Rolland) : ↗ḫawāǧaẗ. – See also EgAr ↗ḫōgaẗ.

1. Pour des précisions sur ces deux racines, voir C. Watkins, [?]: 30-31.

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– (loanword)

▪ »Khedive (mPers ḫidev, nPers ḫediv, Ott hidiv, hıdīv, Ar ḫidīw[ī]) ‘great prince, ruler, master, sovereign’ was a Persian honourific title of sultans and grand viziers in Ottoman Turkish correspondence and poetry, and the imperial rank of the Ottoman governor of Egypt between 1867 and 1914. By the end of the nineteenth century, it was used in the sense of ‘viceroy of Egypt’ in Arabic, French, English, and other languages. / ḫediv in nPers possibly derives from ClassPers ḫudā-var ‘god-like’, that is, ‘ruler’« – A. Mestyan, art. »Khedive«, in ³EI (2020).

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►ḫidīwī, adj., khedivial: nsb-formation

ḪḎL خذل

√ḪḎL

“root”

▪ ḪḎL_1 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ḪḎL_2 ‘...’ ↗...
▪ ḪḎL_3 ‘...’ ↗...

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘straggler; to stay behind, be left behind; to fail to support; to weaken, stay put’

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*ḪR‑ خرـ

√ḪR‑

“root”

▪ *ḪR–_1 ‘…’ ↗…
▪ *ḪR–_2 ‘…’ ↗…
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A bi-consonantal sequence that forms part of groups of several tri-consonantal themes.

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DRS 10 (2012): séquence biconsonantique présente dans des groupes des racines triconsonantiques dont chacun possède une valeur commune: 1. ‘bon, bien’: ḪRW, ḪWR. – 2. ‘creuser’: ḪRW, ḪRR, ḪRḪR, ḪRKM/N, ḪRQ, ḪRT. – 3. ‘fendre, déchirer’: ḪRBQ, ḪRṬ, ḪRʕ, ḪRŚ, ḪRQ, ḪRM, ḪRML, ḪRT. – 4. ‘nez; gorge’: ḪRṬ(M,Ṭ), ḪRR, ḪMR. – 5. ‘excréments’: ḪRR, ḪRʔ/Y, ḪRŠ, comparer sous *GR-. – 6. ‘se gâter’: ḪRB, ḪRWṬ, ḪLBṬ, ḪRBṢ.

For realisations of these values in MSA, cf.

1. ‘good, good thing’ ↗ḪYR.
2. ‘to pierce, perforate, make a hole’ ↗ḪRT, ↗ḪRQ.
3. ‘to split, mince, chop, throw into disorder, confuse, spoil’ ↗ḪRBṬ, ↗ḪRBQ, (?↗ḪRDL,) ↗ḪRṬ, ↗ḪRQ, ↗ḪRM.
4. ‘nose; to snore, murmur, bubble, gurgle; rhinoceros; trunk (of elephant)’ ↗ḪRː (ḪRR), ↗ḪRḪR, ↗ḪRṬṬ, ↗ḪRṬM.
5. ‘excrement, feces’ ↗ḪRʔ, ↗ḪRY.
6. ‘(to become) destroyed, ruined’ ↗ḪRB.

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ḪRː (ḪRR) خرّ / خرر

√ḪRː (ḪRR)

“root”

▪ ḪRː (ḪRR)_1 ‘…’ ↗…
▪ ḪRː (ḪRR)_2 ‘…’ ↗…

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): ‘sound of blowing wind, falling water or falling stones; rumbling, snoring, purring; to enjoy affluence; to surprise; to fall, to crumble, to collapse; to die’

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▪ DRS 10 (2012) #ḪRR-1 Akk ḫarāru ‘creuser, évider’, Aram ḥᵃrar, Ar ḫarra ‘creuser, perforer, percer’. – Akk ḫurr‑, Ug ḫr, ḫrt, Hbr ḥōr ‘trou’, Ar ḫurr ‘trou de la meule’, Sar ḥrt ‘canal d’irrigation; digue’, Ḥrs ḫerayt ‘déchirure’, ? Har aḫraḫara ‘creuser’. -2 Akk ḫarurt‑, Syr ḥarroštā ‘gorge’. – Syr ḥar ‘être enroué’, Ar ḫarra ‘ronfler; murmurer (eau)’, SyrAr ḫarr ‘frotter, produire un bruit, cliquetis, grondement, etc.’. – Akk ḫarāru, araru ‘pousser des cris de souffrance, croasser (?), avoir des convulsions (?)’. -? MġrAr ḫarr ‘sortir et s’écouler avec un léger bruit’. -? Akk ḫarāra, ḫarra, harr ‘protestation’. -3 Akk ḫarāru, arāru ‘trembler, vaciller’. – ? 4 Akk ḫarāru ‘répandre un liquide putride’, Ug ḫr ‘avoir des spasmes de diarrhée’, Ḥass ḫəṛṛ ‘déféquer’. -5 Ar ḫarra ‘tomber, tomber roide mort, se prosterner’. -6 Ḥaḍr ḫrr ‘coloniser (?)’. -7 Akk ḫurri, ḫur ‘toujours’.
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