Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ Cheung2017rev: (‘awning, tent cover’) may have been borrowed directly from Pers, or via Aram, cf. eParth / mPers *srādak, but also Mnd sradqa ‘canopy, awning’. For details, see below, section DISC.
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▪ eC7 Q 18:29 ʔinnā ʔaʕtadnā liẓ-ẓālimīna nāran ʔaḥāṭa bi-him surādiqu-hā ‘We have prepared for disbelievers Fire. Its tent encloseth them’

▪ Jeffery1938: »The passage [Q 18:29] is eschatological, descriptive of the torments of the wicked, for whom is prepared a fire ‘whose awning shall enwrap them’. The exegetes got the general sense of the word from the passage, but were not very sure of its exact meaning as we see from Bayḍ’s comment on the verse. – It was very generally recognized as a foreign word. Rāghib, Mufradāt, 229, notes that the form of the word is not Arabic, and al-Jawālīqī, Muʕarrab, 90, classes it as a Persian word,¹ though he is not very certain as to what was the original form. Some derived it from sarādar, meaning an ‘antechamber’, others from sarāpardaʰ ‘curtains’, others from sarāṭāq,² and yet others from sarāče.³ – Pers sarāpardaʰ is the form from which we must work. It is defined by Vullers as ‘velum magnum s. auleum, quod parietis loco circum tentorium expandunt’,⁴ and is formed from pardaʰ ‘veil, curtain’ (Vullers, i, 340), and an oPers √srāδa,⁵ from which came the Arm srah⁶ and the Judaeo-Persian srāh,⁷ both meaning ‘forecourt’ ([Grk] aulḗ or stoá). From some mPers formation from this √srāδa with the suffix [?] was borrowed the Arm srahak meaning ‘curtain’,⁸ and the Mandaean srādqā ‘roof of tent’ or ‘awning’.⁹ The word occurs in the old poetry, e.g. in Labīd (ed. Chalidi, p. 27), and was thus an early borrowing, but whether directly from Iranian or through Aram it is impossible now to say.«

1. So as-Suyūṭī, Itq, 321, and Siddiqi, Studien, 64. 2. al-Khafājī, 105. On the form sarāparda see Nöldeke, Mand. Gramm, xxxi, n. 3. 3. Lagarde, Übersicht, 176n. 4. Lex, ii, 257. 5. Hübschmann, Persische Studien, 199. Cf. the Phlv srāītan and Pers sarāy, Horn, Grundriss, 161. 6. Hübschmann, Arm. Gramm, i, 241, and see Lagarde, Arm. Stud, §2071. 7. Lagarde, Persische Studien, 72. 8. Hübschmann, Arm. Gramm, i, 241. 9. Nöldeke, Mand. Gramm, xxxi; Lagarde, Übersicht, 176 n.; Fraenkel, Fremdw, 29. It may be argued, however, that the Mand form is from Arab.

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