faḫar‑ فَخَر , a (faḫr, faḫar, faḫār), and
faḫir‑ فَخِر , a (faḫar)
▪ [v1] faḫira : to despise, disdain
▪ [v2] faḫara : to glory (bi‑ in), boast (bi‑ of s.th.), brag (bi‑ of), vaunt (bi‑ s.th.); to pride o.s. (bi‑ upon), be proud (bi‑ of) – WehrCowan1976
▪ The two values [v1] ‘to despise, disdain’ (faḫira) and [v2] ‘to be proud, boast, brag of s.th.’ (faḫara) are without doubt related, though it seems difficult to decide which one should be regarded as primary. Fraenkel1886: 257 thinks the basic meaning is [v2] ‘to boast, brag’; if this is true, [v1] ‘to despise, disdain’ would be secondary.
▪ It is unclear whether the Ar values are, or are not, related to other Sem *PḪR values such as ‘to invite, challenge’ (Sab) or ‘to assemble, collect’ (Akk Ug Syr); see below, section DISC.
▪ Prob. unrelated to ↗faḫḫār ‘potter(y)’
▪ …
▪ †faḫara, †faḫḫara, †ʔafḫara ‘to judge (DO s.o.) to surpass (ʕalà another) in excellence’ – Hava1899
▪ ? Sab fḫr, vb., ‘auffordern, anbieten | to challenge | mettre au défi (DO or bʿbr s.o.)’, Sab fḫr, n., ‘Aufforderung, Angebot’ (SabaWeb, Beeston1982). – ? Akk ²paḫāru ‘to gather’; G ‘to gather, assemble (intr.), (people, city, land; goods, silver) accumulate, (smoke, sweat) ‘collect’; Gtn iter.; D ‘to bring together, assemble’ (trans.) (people, goods, commodities, waters); Dtn iter. of D; > puḫru ‘assembly, gathering’, puḫriš, adv., ‘in assembly, together’; puḫḫuru ‘assembled’; mupaḫḫirum ‘collector’; napḫaru ‘total, sum, entirety’; tapḫarum, tapḫīrum ‘(a temple collection?)’, tapḫūrum ‘assembly (of supplicants)’, tapḫurtu ‘assembly, company’ (Black2000), Ug pḫr /puḫru/ ‘assembly’ (Tropper2008), Syr puḥrā ‘banquet; mess, assembly, company’ (PayneSmith). – The parallels in EthSem are no genuine cognates as they are borrowings from Ar: Gz fakkara ‘to boast’, ʾastafakkəro ‘boasting’, Te fäkkära ‘to boast of s.o.’s exploits’, Tña fäkkärä, Amh fokkärä, Har (tä)fāḫära, Gur fʷäkärä (Leslau2006).
▪ …
▪ Fraenkel1886: 257 assumes that in Ar, the value ‘to boast, brag’ is metaphorical use of a more basic *‘to puff o.s. up (to show off)’, insinuating a relation to ‘pottery’ (↗faḫḫār), though remaining silent about the details about his assumption (“Im Arabischen ist die Wurzel nur noch in der übertragenen Bedeutung ‘aufgeblasen sein’ erhalten” – ibid.).
▪ HDAL gives cognates in many Sem languages but does not specify either in which way they may be related. If we have to connect the complex ‘assembly, gathering (> banquet)’ (Akk, Ug, Syr) and hypothetically identify these as the original Sem value then Ar ‘to boast, brag’ could be seen as a specialisation, having developed from *‘to show off in front of a gathering’. Closest to the Ar usage seems to come Sab fḫr (vb.) ‘auffordern, anbieten | to challenge | mettre au défi’, (n.) ‘Aufforderung, Angebot’ (SabaWeb, Beeston1982); perh. these values overlap with Ar ‘to boast, brag’ in the notion of *‘inviting’ or *‘challenging’ others. – All highly speculative.
▪ Is the Akk Ug Syr value ‘to gather, assemble’ perh. related to ‘potter(y)’, likening the assembling of things or people to the act of forming clay?
▪ …
►fāḫara, vb. III, 1a to vie in glory (‑h with s.o.); b to be proud(bi‑ of), pride o.s. (bi‑ upon), boast (‑h before s.o., bi‑ of): L-stem, associative
►tafaḫḫara, vb. V, to be proud, haughty: tD-stem, self-referential.
►tafāḫara, vb. VI, and ĭftaḫara, vb. VIII = faḫara : tL- and Gt-stems, respectively, both self-referential
►ĭstafḫara, vb. X, to find (s.th.) excellent: *Št-stem, declarative
►BP#2869faḫr, n., 1 glory, pride; 2 honour; 3 vainglorious poetry (as a literary genre): vn. I | ġayrᵃ faḫrⁱⁿ or wa-lā faḫrᵃ, expr., I say this without boasting
►faḫrī, adj., honorary, honoris causa: nsb-formation
►fuḫraẗ, n.f., glory, pride
►faḫār, n., glory, pride
►faḫūr, adj., vainglorious, boastful, bragging; proud (bi‑ of): Faʕūl formation, ints.
►faḫīr, adj., boasting, bragging, swaggering, boastful: Faʕīl formation, ints.
►ʔafḫarᵘ, adj., more splendid, more magnificent: elat.
►mafḫaraẗ, pl. mafāḫirᵘ, n.f., 1 object of pride, s.th. to boast of; 2 glorious deed, exploit, feat; 3 glorious trait or quality: quasi-n.loc.
►mufāḫaraẗ, n.f., boasting, bragging, vainglory, pride: vn. III
►tafāḫur, n., boasting, bragging, vainglory: vn. VI
►ĭftiḫār, n., pride, vainglory, boasting, bragging: vn. VIII
►fāḫir, adj., 1 proud, vainglorious, boastful, bragging; 2a outstanding, excellent, first-rate, perfect, splendid, superb, glorious, magnificent; b sumptuous, de luxe: PA I
►mufāḫir, adj., boastful, vainglorious, proud: PA III
►muftaḫir, adj., 1 proud, vainglorious, boastful, bragging; 2a outstanding, excellent, first-rate, perfect, splendid, superb, glorious, magnificent; b sumptuous, de luxe
For other values associated with the ‘root’, cf. ↗faḫḫār as well as, for the overall picture, root entry ↗FḪR.
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