Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ NSR_1 ‘eagle, vulture’ ↗nasr ~ nisr
▪ NSR_2 ‘small piece, chip, splint ; to get torn, break’ ↗nasraẗ
▪ NSR_3 ‘beak (of a predatory bird)’ ↗minsar
▪ NSR_4 ‘band, troop, clique’ ↗mansar
▪ NSR_5 ‘fistula, tumor’ ↗nāsūr
▪ NSR_6 ‘jonquil’ ↗nisrīn

♦ Semantic value spectrum in ClassAr (acc. to BAH2008): [nasr] ‘[proper name occurring once in the Qur’an] eagle, vulture; pre-Islamic Arabian idol worshipped by the tribe of Hudhayl and said to have been in the shape of a vulture; the cult is thought to have come to Arabia from Syria and Babylonia (71:23) ‘they say to each other], “Do not renounce your gods—do not renounce Wadd, Suwāʕ, Yaġūṯ, Yaʕūq or Nasr’

▪ It seems that the semantic diversity in the root can be reduced to basically 2 values: [v1] and [v6]. While [v6] is prob. a borrowing from Pers nasrīn ‘wild rose’ – »à moins que ce ne soit l’inverse« (Rolland2014) – the other items are with all likelihood all based on [v1] ‘eagle, vulture’, which is the Ar form of the bird’s name that is very widespread in Sem.
▪ [v1] : from protSem *n˅šr ~ n˅sr ‘eagle, vulture’ – MilitarevKogan2005#166.
▪ [v2] designates, originally, a small piece of flesh a predatory bird tears from the body of its prey.
▪ [v3] is a n.instr. formed from the denom. vb. I, now obsolete, *‘to tear pieces of flesh from the body of a prey like an eagle\vulture does with its beak’ (Lane viii 1893: ^†nasara ‘he [a bird etc.] pluck flesh with his beak’; still attested in a more generalized form in Hava1899: ‘to take off s.th.; to scrape, rub out s.th.’).
▪ [v4] is the result of a transfer of meaning from the eagle\vulture’s beak that ‘precedes’ the bird, onto a smaller group of people that marches ahead of the others (Lane viii 1893: ‘a portion of an army that goes before the main army’, Hava1899: ‘vanguard of an army’).
▪ [v5] is thought to be of foreign (Pers, Syr) origin by some, but can be from [v1] ‘eagle, vulture’, on account of the wounds caused by a predatory bird in the flesh of its prey.

▪ …

▪ …
▪ …

See above, section CONC.

…

nasr نَسْر , var. nisr, pl. nusūr, nusūraẗ

ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021

√NSR

eagle; vulture – WehrCowan1979.

▪ From protSem *n˅šr ~ n˅sr ‘eagle, vulture’ – MilitarevKogan2005#166.
▪ For the relation of the derivatives to ‘eagle’, see below (section DERIV) and individually, s.v..

▪ …

▪ Bergsträsser1928: (*‘eagle, vulture’) Akk našru, Hbr néšer, Syr nešrā, Gz nesr.

See above, section CONC.

…

►tanassara, vb. V, 1to get torn; 2 to break, snap: Dt-stem, quasi-pass. (1), intr. (2), orig. likened to an eagle’s plucking flesh from its prey with its beak.
►ĭstansara, vb. X, to become eagle‑like, act like an eagle: *Št-stem

►nasraẗ, n.f., small piece, chip, splint: orig. prob. *‘piece of flesh that an eagle tears out of its prey with its beak’.
►nusāriyyaẗ, n.f., eagle
►nāsūr, pl. nawāsīrᵘ, n., fistula, tumor: perh. a loanword (from Pers, or Syr?; cf. var. writing with ṣ: nāṣūr), but perh. akin to nasr , a tumor that breaks up being likened to the wound caused by an eagle’s beak.
►mansar, var. minsar, mansir, pl. manāsirᵘ, n., band, gang (of robbers, etc.); troop; clique: orig. ‘vanguard of an army’ (Lane viii 1893, Hava1899), so called on account of its marching ahead of the main army, like an eagle’s beak is ‘ahead’ of the bird’s main body.
►minsar, pl. manāsirᵘ, n., beak (of predatory birds): n.instr., from obs. vb. I, ^†nasara *‘to pluck (with the beak) pieces of flesh from the body of a prey’ (Lane viii 1893; cf. also Hava1899: ‘to take off s.th.; to scrape, rub out s.th.’).

▪ For other items of the same root, cf. ↗nisrīn, as well as, for the general picture, ↗√NSR.

nasraẗ نَسْرة

ID … • Sw – • BP … • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021

√NSR

n.f.

small piece, chip, splint – WehrCowan1979.

▪ From ↗nasr~nisr ‘eagle, vulture’, orig. prob. *‘piece of flesh that an eagle tears out of its prey with its beak’.

▪ …

See ↗nasr.

See above, section CONC.

…

►tanassara, vb. V, 1 to get torn; 2 to break, snap: Dt-stem, quasi-pass. (1), intr. (2), orig. likened to an eagle’s plucking pieces of flesh from its prey with its beak.

▪ For other items of the same root, cf. ↗nasr~nisr, ↗minsar, ↗mansar, ↗nisrīn, and ↗nāsūr, as well as, for the general picture, ↗√NSR.

nāsūr ناسور , nawāsīrᵘ

√NSR

fistula, tumor – WehrCowan1979.

▪ Perh. a loanword (from Pers, or Syr?; cf. var. writing with ṣ: nāṣūr, pl. nawāṣīrᵘ), but ultimately perh. akin to ↗nasr~nisr ‘eagle, vulture’, a tumor that breaks up being likened to the wound caused by an eagle’s beak (?).

▪ Lane viii 1893: ‘a certain disease that happens in the inner angles of the eyes (Ṣ, Mṣb, Q), with an incessant defluxion therefrom (Ṣ, TA) and sometimes it happens also in the part around the anus, and in the gum (Ṣ, Mṣb), or it signifies also a certain disease in the part around the anus, and a certain disease in the gum; nawāṣīr, pl. of nāṣūr: accord. to certain of the physicians, is a term applied to deep ulcers in the anus, at the extremity of the gut; – also: a vein constantly becoming recrudescent, with an incessant defluxion, corrupt within, whenever its upper part heals breaking forth again with corruption’.

…

▪ Lane viii 1893: according to some ClassAr lexicographers, the word is Arabized from a Pers source.
▪ Ḍinnāwī2004: from Pers, or perh. from Syr nocouro (=?).

…

▪ For other items of the same root, cf. ↗nasr~nisr, ↗nasraẗ, ↗minsar,↗mansar, and ↗nisrīn, as well as, for the general picture, ↗√NSR.

nisrīn نِسْرين

√NSR

jonquil (Narcissus jonquilla bot.) – WehrCowan1979.

▪ From Pers nasrīn ‘wild rose’ – »à moins que ce ne soit l’inverse« (Rolland2014).

▪ …

…

See above, section CONC.

…

▪ For other items of the same root, cf. ↗nasr~nisr, ↗nasraẗ, ↗minsar, ↗mansar, and ↗nāsūr, as well as, for the general picture, ↗√NSR.

mansar مَنْسَر , var. minsar, mansir, pl. manāsirᵘ

√NSR

band, gang (of robbers, etc.); troop; clique – WehrCowan1979.

▪ From ↗nasr~nisr ‘eagle, vulture’, orig. ‘vanguard of an army’ (Lane viii 1893, Hava1899), so called on account of its marching ahead of the main army, like an eagle’s beak is ‘ahead’ of the bird’s main body. If this etymology is correct, minsar (miFʕaL for n.instr.) may be the more original form, an eagle’s beak being its ‘instrument’ of prey. Given the spatial dimension inherent in marching ‘ahead’, for later users a re-interpretion as a maFʕaL form for n.loc. may have sounded more plausible.

▪ …

See ↗nasr.

See above, section CONC.

…

▪ For other items of the same root, cf. ↗nasr~nisr, ↗nasraẗ, ↗minsar, ↗nisrīn, and ↗nāsūr, as well as, for the general picture, ↗√NSR.

minsar مِنْسَر , pl. manāsirᵘ

√NSR

beak (of predatory birds) – WehrCowan1979.

▪ The n. is a miFʕaL formation for n.instr., from obs. vb. I, ^†nasara *‘to pluck (with the beak) pieces of flesh from the body of a prey’ (Lane viii 1893; cf. also Hava1899: ‘to take off s.th.; to scrape, rub out s.th.’), from ↗nasr~nisr ‘eagle, vulture’.

▪ …

See ↗nasr.

See above, section CONC.

…

▪ For other items of the same root, cf. ↗nasr~nisr, ↗nasraẗ, ↗mansar, ↗nisrīn, and ↗nāsūr, as well as, for the general picture, ↗√NSR.

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