Bibliotheca Polyglotta

▪ DRS 1 (1994)#ʔGR–1: Sem ‘prendre à gages, louer’: Akk agāru, Ug ʔagr, nHbr ʔᵃgar, EmpAram Nab Palm ʔgr, JP ʔᵃgar, Syr ʔegar; Akk agr‑ , Ar ʔaǧīr [↗ʔaǧr ], SAr ʔgr ‘serviteur à gages, domestique’; Akk igr, EmpAram ʔgr, JP ʔagrā, Soq ʔegare ‘salaire’, Hbr ʔᵃgōrā ‘paiement’; Palm ʔgwr ‘bail’, Mhr ḥauǧor ‘serviteur’. – 2 […] – 3 EmpAram ʔgr ‘mur, voûte’, Syr ʔaggārā ‘toit’, Mand angara, ɛngara, Ar ʔiǧǧar ‘toit’; Akk igār‑ ‘mur’. – 4 Akk agurr‑ , Syr ʔaggūrā, Ar (coll.) ʔuǧur, ʔaǧurr, ʔaǧūr ‘briques cuites’ [, Ar ↗ʔāǧurr ]. – 5 Akk ʔekurru ‘temple’, Aram ʔᵉgōrā, ʔēgorā ‘temple païen’, Mand ʔkorʔ ‘temple des idoles et démons’. – 6 Sem ‘message, lettre royale’: Akk egert, Hbr ʔiggeret, BiblAram ʔigrā, JP ʔiggartā. – 7 Sem ‘pied’: EastAr ʔəgr, Daṯ ʔiǧr, Gz Te ʔəgər, Amh ʔəgər; ? Te ʔagri, ʔagrəh ‘caravane’. [Cf. Ar ↗riǧl ] – 8 […].

DRS 1 (1994): 1. Western forms emerged from Akk. – 3. Ar dependent on Aram. – 4. < Sum alur ? – 5. < Sum ekur. – 6. Western forms borrowed from Akk? – 7. Forme évoluée de RGL; ses correspondantes non-sém. (cham.-sém.) pourraient attester cependant l’absence d’une liquide à l’initiale.

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ʔaǧr أَجْر , pl. ʔuǧūr

√ʔǦR

1 wages, pay, ‎honorarium, recompense, emolument, remuneration; 2 price, rate, fee – WehrCowan1979.

▪ …

Of common occurrence in the Qurʔān: ‘heward, ‎wages’.

▪ …
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▪ Jeffery1938, 49: ‎‎»Besides the noun and its pl. ʔuǧūr there occur [in the Qurʔān] also the verbal forms ʔaǧara and ĭstaʔǧara. – ‎The Muslim savants have no suspicion that the word is not pure Ar, though as a matter of fact ‎the verb ʔaǧara ‘to receive hire’, is obviously denominative. Zimmern, Akkad. Fremdw, ‎‎47,¹ has pointed out that the ultimate origin of the ‎root in this sense is the Akk agru, agarru ‘hired servant’. From this come on the one hand the ‎Aram ‎אגירא ‏‎: Syr ʔᵃgīrā a ‘hireling’, and thence the denominative verbs ʔᵃgar and ʔegar ‘to hire’, ‎with corresponding nouns ‎ʔGR ‏and ʔagrā ‘hire’; and on the other hand (apparently from a popular ‎pronunciation *aggaru) the Grk ággaros, a ‘courier’.² – It would have been from the Aram that ‎the word passed into Ar, probably at a very early period, and as the word is of much wider use ‎in Syr than in Jewish Aram,³ we are probably right in ‎considering it as a borrowing from Syriac.«

1. Cf. also Jensen in ZA, vii, 214, 215. 2. Even the latest edition of Liddell and ‎Scott persists in repeating the statement in Stephanus’ Thesaurus, that it is a borrowing from ‎Persian. It is, of course, possible that the word may be found in the oPers vocabulary, but if so it ‎was a loan-word there from the Akk, and there can be little doubt that the Grk ággaros with ‎‎aggaréuein and aggaréia came directly from the Akk, as indeed Ed. Meyer (Geschichte ‎des Alterthums, iii, 67) had already recognized. 3. For its occurrence in Aramaic incantations, see ‎Montgomery, Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nippur, Glossary, p. 281; and for the Elephantine ‎papyri see Cowley, Aramaic Papyri, p. 178 (No. 69, 1. 12).

▪ Huehnergard2011: Engl agora ‘(since 1960) a monetary unit and coin of Israel, the 100th part of a shekel ’, from Hbr ʔᵃgôrāʰ ‘payment, coin’, from Hbr ʔāgar ‘to hire’. ¹

1. Not to be confused with agora in the sense of ‘assembly place’, which is from Grk agorá ‘open space’ (typically a marketplace), from ageireîn ‘to assemble’, from IE *ger- ‘to gather’.

► ʔuǧūr al-dirāsaẗ, n.pl.,(student) tuition, fees.
► ʔuǧūr al-safar, n.pl., fares.

► ʔaǧara, u ‏(ʔaǧr), vb. I, to reward, recompense, ‎remunerate: denom.?
► ʔaǧǧara, vb. II, to let for rent, let out, hire out, rent, lease: D-stem, denom.?.
► ʔāǧara, vb. IV, to let for rent, let out, rent, ‎lease; to rent, hire, lease, hold under a lease, take a lease; to hire, rent, take on, engage the services: Š-stem, denom.?
► taʔaǧǧara, vb. V, to hire o.s. out (also with bi-nafsihī): tD-stem, refl. of II.
► ĭstaʔǧara, vb. X, to rent, hire, lease, hold under a lease, take a ‎lease; to charter (a vessel); to hire, engage, take on, engage the services (of s.o.): Št-stem, autobenef.

‎► ʔuǧraẗ, n.f., 1 hire, rent, rental; 2 price, rate, fee; 3 fixed rate, (official) charge; 4 postage | ~ al-barīd, n.f., postage; ~ al-naql, n.f., transport charges, freight(age), carriage, cartage; sayyāraẗ ~, n.f., taxi.
► ʔaǧīr, pl.‎ ‏‎ʔuǧarāʔᵘ, n., hireling; workman, laborer, day laborer; employee: quasi-PP I.
‏‎ ► ʔaǧīraẗ, n.f., working woman, factory girl, female laborer; woman employee: f. of ʔaǧīr | ~ al-tanẓīf, n.f., cleaning woman, charwoman.
‏‎ ► taʔǧīr, n., letting, leasing, hiring out, letting on lease; lease: vn. II | mašrūʕ al-taʔǧīr wa’l-ʔiʕāraẗ, n., Lend-Lease Act.
► ʔīǧār, pl. ‑āt, n., rent; letting, leasing, hiring out, letting on lease: vn. IV | lil-ʔīǧār, adv., for rent, to let.
► ʔiǧāraẗ, pl. ‑āt, n.f., rent; letting, leasing, hiring out, letting on lease:…
‏‎ ► ĭstiʔǧār, n., rent, lease, tenure: vn. X.
‏‎ ► maʔǧūr, pl. ‑ūn, 1 adj., paid, salaried, on the payroll, gainfully employed; 2 n., employee; 3 adj., mercenary, venal, hired, bribed; (pl. ‑ūn) n., a bribable, venal, corruptible person : PP I.
‏‎ ► maʔǧūrī, pl. ‑ūn, bribable, venal, corruptible person: nsb-adj., from maʔǧūr.
‏‎ ► muʔaǧǧir, pl. ‑ūn, n., landlord, lessor: PA II.
‏‎ ► mustaʔǧir, n., leaseholder, lessee, tenant; employer : PA X.

ʔāǧurr آجُرّ

√ʔǦR

n.coll. (n.un. ‑aẗ)

baked brick – WehrCowan1979.

▪ Rolland2014a: from Syr ʔâgûrâ and Akk agurru, from Sum SIG₄.AL.ÙR.RA

▪ Nābiġa 7,16; Dīw.Huḏ. 66,10; ʔAġānī xvi: 43,3 – Fraenkel1886

▪ DRS 1 (1994)#ʔGR–4: Akk agurr‑ , Syr ʔaggūrā, Ar (coll.) ʔuǧur, ʔaǧurr, ʔaǧūr ‘briques cuites’.

▪ Zimmern1914: Ar ʔāǧurr (~ ʔāǧūr) (and also Pers āgūr, Arm agur, Grk ágouros), from Aram ʔagurā, from Akk agurru ‘baked brick’
▪ R. Laffitte, Bulletin SELEFA 12 (2/2008)

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