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Etymological Dictionary of Arabic
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ḥamās حَماس 
ID 238 • Sw – • BP 3536 • APD … • © SG | 15Feb2021, last update 14Mar2021
√ḤMS 
n. 
enthusiasm, fire, ardor, fervor, zeal, fanaticism – WehrCowan1979. 
▪ A nominal formation from ↗ḥamisa.
▪ Since the late 1980s, Ar ḥamās also functions as an acronym of Ḥarakaẗ al-muqāwamaẗ al-ʔislāmiyyaẗ, the Islamic Resistance Movement.
▪ …
 
▪ … 
▪ ↗ḥamisa.
 
▪ See above, section CONC.
▪ … 
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See ↗ḥamisa. 
ḤMŠ حمش 
ID – • Sw – • BP – • APD … • © SG | 30Mar2021
√ḤMŠ 
“root” 
▪ ḤMŠ_1 ʻto excite, irritate, infuriate, enrage’ ↗ḥamaša
▪ ḤMŠ_2 ʻcatgut (med.)’ ↗ḥamšaẗ

Other values, now obsolete, include (Hava1899):

▪ †ḤMŠ_3 ʻto collect s.th.’: †ḥamaša (u, ḥamš)
▪ †ḤMŠ_4 ʻgraisse, obésité’: †ḥamīš
 
▪ The root √ḤMŠ exhibits 3-4 distinct values between which no obvious relation is discernible.
▪ [v1] (= DRS #ḤMŚ-1): exact etymology unclear, but prob. related to ↗√ḤMS and ↗√ḤMṢ.
▪ [v2] (cf. DRS #ḤMŚ-3?): The value ʻcatgut (med.)’ seems to be based on the obsolete notion of ʻthin (shank), thin-legged’ (see below, section HIST), with no obvious relation to [v1] ʻto excite, irritate, infuriate’ or [v3] ʻto collect’.
▪ [v3] (= DRS #ḤMŚ-2): no obvious relation to [v1] ʻto excite, irritate, infuriate’ or [v2] ʻthin, meagre’.
▪ [v4] : accord. to DRS »sans doute une forme constituée sur l’Ar *↗ŠḤM avec métathèse.
▪ … 
▪ [v1] : cf. also †ḥamaša u (ḥamš, ḥamšaẗ), ʻto become angry (man); to become hot (war)’; †ḥammaša, vb. II, ʻto stir, anger s.o.; to put fuel (in the fire); to rouse (people)’; †taḥammaša, vb. V, and ĭstaḥmaša, vb. X, ʻto be angered’.
▪ [v2] : cf. also †ḥamaša (u, ḥamš) and ḥamuša (u, ḥumūšaẗ) ʻto be thin (shank)’, †ḥamiša (a, ḥamš, ḥamaš) ʻto be thin-legged (man)’, †ʔaḥmašᵘ (pl. ḥimāš), adj., ʻthin-legged (man)’.
▪ [v3] : cf. also †ḥammaša, vb. II, ʻto collect (s.th.)’
▪ …
 
▪ DRS 9 (2010) #ḤMŚ-1 Ar ḥamiša ʻêtre en colère’, ḥamaša ʻirriter, exciter’, ʔaḥmaša ʻattiser (le feu), faire bouillir’, EgAr ḥamaš ʻroussir, brûler (trans.)’. -2 ḥamaša ʻrassembler, réunir’. -3 ʔaḥmašᵘ ʻqui a les tibias minces, décharné’.
▪ …
 
▪ See above, section CONC.
▪ …
 
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